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31.
JC. Brisset F. Gazeau C. Corot N. Nighoghossian Y. Berthezène E. Canet-Soulas M. Wiart 《IRBM》2018,39(2):93-102
Background
Inflammation is a share process in atherosclerosis and stroke and is thought to be a key player in the evolution of these diseases. Ten years ago, inflammation imaging with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was considered very promising for both pre-clinical and clinical studies of atherosclerosis and stroke.Contribution
We report here contributions to the field of inflammation imaging with USPIO-enhanced MRI. The goal was to investigate the life cycle of USPIOs in the body, and how the MRI signal has been impacted during their bio-interactions and bioprocessing. Those mechanisms were applied to pre-clinical longitudinal studies of inflammation in atherosclerosis and at the acute stage of ischemic stroke thus allowing the monitoring of treatment effects.Conclusion
This review presents the contribution of the collaborative research project under the “TecSan” grant from the French Research Agency (ANR) as well as pre-clinical and clinical perspectives of USPIO's inflammation MRI in atherosclerosis and stroke. 相似文献32.
Patrick Martin Enrique Martinez-Ansemil Adrian Pinder Tarmo Timm Mark J. Wetzel 《Hydrobiologia》2008,606(1):117-127
One of the predicted consequences of climate change is an increase in the occurrence of extreme rainfall and a subsequent
increase in frequency of high flow events in rivers. High flow events have the potential to impact estuarine communities like
mussel assemblages due to decreased salinity and/or the transport of sediments, organic matter and nutrients from the terrestrial
environment to the estuary. The impact of two high flow events was investigated using mussels located within the Conwy estuary,
North Wales, using the ‘Beyond BACI’ approach. Three study sites were chosen, the potentially impacted site (Conwy) and two
control sites located outside the estuary. Sampling took place over 18 months with samples being collected before and after
each event. On each sampling occasion, the following data were collected: the total haemocyte count (THC) and condition index
(CI) of the mussels and the diversity (Hloge) of their associated macrofauna. A significant effect of the first event (22nd October 2004) was found on the CI of the Conwy
mussels, whereas a significant effect of the second event (10th October 2005) was found on mussel THC. No effect of either
event was found on the diversity of the associated fauna. The results of this study suggest that any increase in the number
or intensity of heavy precipitation or high flow events have potential implications for the health and resilience of estuarine
mussel populations.
Guest editors: J. Davenport, G. Burnell, T. Cross, M. Emmerson, R. McAllen, R. Ramsay & E. Rogan
Challenges to Marine Ecosystems 相似文献
33.
Whole‐landscape modelling of compositional turnover in aquatic invertebrates informs conservation gap analysis: An example from south‐western Australia 下载免费PDF全文
Melita G. Pennifold Kristen J. Williams Adrian M. Pinder Thomas D. Harwood Glenn Manion Simon Ferrier 《Freshwater Biology》2017,62(8):1359-1376
34.
Anonymous nuclear DNA markers in the American oyster and their implications for the heterozygote deficiency phenomenon in marine bivalves 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
A puzzling population-genetic phenomenon widely reported in allozyme
surveys of marine bivalves is the occurrence of heterozygote deficits
relative to Hardy-Weinberg expectations. Possible explanations for this
pattern are categorized with respect to whether the effects should be
confined to protein-level assays or are genomically pervasive and expected
to be registered in both protein- and DNA-level assays. Anonymous nuclear
DNA markers from the American oyster were employed to reexamine the
phenomenon. In assays based on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), two
DNA-level processes were encountered that can lead to artifactual genotypic
scorings: (a) differential amplification of alleles at a target locus and
(b) amplification from multiple paralogous loci. We describe symptoms of
these complications and prescribe methods that should generally help to
ameliorate them. When artifactual scorings at two anonymous DNA loci in the
American oyster were corrected, Hardy-Weinberg deviations registered in
preliminary population assays decreased to nonsignificant values.
Implications of these findings for the heterozygote-deficit phenomenon in
marine bivalves, and for the general development and use of PCR-based
assays, are discussed.
相似文献
35.
Ants are powerful model systems for the study of cooperation and sociality. In this review, we discuss how recent advances in ant genomics have contributed to our understanding of the evolution and organization of insect societies at the molecular level. 相似文献
36.
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38.
G James Rubin Lisa Page Oliver Morgan Richard J Pinder Paul Riley Stephani Hatch Helen Maguire Mike Catchpole John Simpson Simon Wessely 《BMJ (Clinical research ed.)》2007,335(7630):1143
Objectives To identify public perceptions of the risk to health after the poisoning of Alexander Litvinenko with polonium-210 (210Po) in London and to assess the impact of public health communications.Design Cross sectional telephone survey and qualitative interviews.Setting London, United Kingdom.Participants 1000 people completed the cross sectional survey and 86 potentially exposed people completed the qualitative interviews.Main outcome measures Perception of risk to personal health after the 210Po incident. Qualitative interviews were analysed with an emphasis on information needs.Results 11.7% of the survey sample (n=117) perceived their health to be at risk. Aside from personal variables the main predictors of perceived risk to health were believing that the incident was related to terrorism (odds ratio 2.7, 95% confidence interval 1.5 to 4.6) rather than to espionage, that it was targeted at the wider public rather than one person (5.9, 3.2 to 10.9), and that it could affect people who had not been in the contaminated area (3.2, 2.1 to 5.1). Participants in the qualitative interviews were generally satisfied with the information they had received, although they would have preferred more information about their individual risk of exposure, the results of their urine tests, and the health implications of the incident.Conclusions Perceptions of the public that the 210Po incident in London in 2006 was related to espionage helped to reassure them that the risks to personal health were low. In the event of future incidents it is important to ensure that detailed, comprehensible information about the risks of any exposure is available. 相似文献
39.
CRISPR is a genome-editing platform that makes use of the bacterially-derived endonuclease Cas9 to introduce DNA double-strand breaks at precise locations in the genome using complementary guide RNAs. We developed a nuclear domain knock-in screen, whereby the insertion of a gene encoding the green fluorescent protein variant Clover is inserted by Cas9-mediated homology directed repair (HDR) within the first exon of genes that are required for the structural integrity of subnuclear domains such as the nuclear lamina and promyelocytic leukemia nuclear bodies (PML NBs). Using this approach, we compared strategies for enhancing CRISPR-mediated HDR, focusing on known genes and small molecules that impact non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) and homologous recombination (HR). Ultimately, we identified the small molecule RS-1 as a potent enhancer of CRISPR-based genome editing, enhancing HDR 3- to 6-fold depending on the locus and transfection method. We also characterized U2OS human osteosarcoma cells expressing Clover-tagged PML and demonstrate that this strategy generates cell lines with PML NBs that are structurally and functionally similar to bodies in the parental cell line. Thus, the nuclear domain knock-in screen that we describe provides a simple means of rapidly evaluating methods and small molecules that have the potential to enhance Cas9-mediated HDR. 相似文献
40.