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381.
Gating deficits in isolation-reared rats are correlated with alterations in protein expression in nucleus accumbens 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Paola Roncada Marco Bortolato†‡ Roberto Frau‡§ Pierluigi Saba§ Giovanna Flore†‡ Alessio Soggiu¶ Salvatore Pisanu¶ Angela Amoresano rea Carpentieri Paola Devoto‡§ 《Journal of neurochemistry》2009,108(3):611-620
The isolation-rearing (IR) paradigm, consisting of the social deprivation for 6–9 weeks after weaning, induces a spectrum of aberrant behaviors in adult rats. Some of these alterations such as sensorimotor gating deficits are reminiscent of the dysfunctions observed in schizophrenia patients. Although gating impairments in IR rats have been linked to impairments in the cortico-mesolimbic system, the specific molecular mechanisms underlying this relation are unclear. To elucidate the neurochemical modifications underlying the gating disturbances exhibited by IR rats, we compared their pre-pulse inhibition (PPI) of the acoustic startle reflex with that of socially reared (SR) controls, and correlated this index to the results of proteomic analyses in prefrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens from both groups. As expected, IR rats exhibited significantly lower startle amplitude and PPI than their SR counterparts. Following behavioral testing, IR and SR rats were killed and protein expression profiles of their brain regions were examined using two-dimensional electrophoresis based proteomics. Image analysis in the Coomassie blue-stained gel revealed that three protein spots were differentially expressed in the nucleus accumbens of IR and SR rats. Mass spectrometry (matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight and MS/MS) identified these spots as heat shock protein 60 (HSP60), α-synuclein (α-syn), and 14-3-3 protein ζ/δ. While accumbal levels of HSP60 was decreased in IR rats, α-syn and 14-3-3 proteins were significantly increased in IR in comparison with SR controls. Notably, these two last alterations were significantly correlated with different loudness intensity-specific PPI deficits in IR rats. In view of the role of these proteins in synaptic trafficking and dopaminergic regulation, these findings might provide a neurochemical foundation for the gating alterations and psychotic-like behaviors in IR rats. 相似文献
382.
Laura Casu Maria Novella Solinas Anna Rita Saba Filippo Cottiglia Pierluigi Caboni Costantino Floris Samuela Laconi Raffaello Pompei Marco Leonti 《Phytochemistry letters》2010,3(4):226-229
Three novel benzophenones (1–3) were obtained from the roots of Securidaca diversifolia (L.) S.F. Blake along with two known benzylbenzoates and isovanilline. Compound 2 (2,4-dihydroxy-3,3′-dimethoxy-benzophenone) showed moderate inhibitory activity on Herpes simplex virus type 1 proliferation in vitro. The structures of compounds 1–3 were established by the interpretation of their spectroscopic and spectrometric data. 相似文献
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384.
Messori L Piccioli F Gabrielli S Orioli P Angeloni L Di Bugno C 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry》2002,10(11):3425-3430
The interaction of the novel disaccharide anthracycline MEN 10755 with human serum albumin (HSA) was investigated by visible absorption and fluorescence spectroscopies and by ultrafiltration. Notably, MEN 10755 binds serum albumin far stronger than doxorubicin. Albumin binding results into a drastic quenching of the intrinsic fluorescence of MEN 10755; a binding constant of 1.1 x 10(5) was determined from fluorescence data. To localize the HSA binding site of MEN 10755 competition experiments were carried out with ligands that are selective for the different drug binding sites of the protein. No relevant competition effects were seen in the case of warfarin, diazepam and hemin, known ligands of sites I, II and III, respectively. Modest effects were observed following addition of palmitic acid that targets the several fatty acid binding sites of the protein. In contrast, extensive displacement of the bound anthracycline was achieved upon addition of ethacrinic acid. On the basis of these results, it is proposed that MEN 10755 binds serum albumin tightly to a non-canonical surface binding site for which it competes specifically with ethacrinic acid. 相似文献
385.
Silvia Primativo Donatella Spinelli Pierluigi Zoccolotti Maria De Luca Marialuisa Martelli 《PloS one》2016,11(4)
Adults read at high speed, but estimates of their reading rate vary greatly, i.e., from 100 to 1500 words per minute (wpm). This discrepancy is likely due to different recording methods and to the different perceptual and cognitive processes involved in specific test conditions. The present study investigated the origins of these notable differences in RSVP reading rate (RR). In six experiments we investigated the role of many different perceptual and cognitive variables. The presence of a mask caused a steep decline in reading rate, with an estimated masking cost of about 200 wpm. When the decoding process was isolated, RR approached values of 1200 wpm. When the number of stimuli exceeded the short-term memory span, RR decreased to 800 wpm. The semantic context contributed to reading speed only by a factor of 1.4. Finally, eye movements imposed an upper limit on RR (around 300 wpm). Overall, data indicate a speed limit of 300 wpm, which corresponds to the time needed for eye movement execution, i.e., the most time consuming mechanism. Results reconcile differences in reading rates reported by different laboratories and thus provide suggestions for targeting different components of reading rate. 相似文献
386.
387.
High efficiency in the attribution of parental origin of non-disjunction in trisomy 21 by both cytogenetic and molecular polymorphisms 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
Franca Dagna Bricarelli Mauro Pierluigi Lucia Perroni Marina Grasso Araxy Arslanian Nicoletta Sacchi 《Human genetics》1988,79(2):124-127
Summary The precise origin of the supernumerary chromosome can be defined in the majority of trisomy 21 cases. This is achieved by evaluating the chromosome 21 short arm polymorphism and analysing restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) of multiple chromosome 21 loci. We report a study on 37 Italian families with Down's syndrome. In 35 cases (94.6%) both the parental and the meiotic stage of non-disjunction could be established. Knowledge of the origin of the extra chromosome 21 is a pre-requisite for investigations of genetic or environmental factors that may affect the meiotic process. 相似文献
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390.
Pierluigi Patriarca Pietro Dri Katsuko Kakinuma Filippo Rossi 《Molecular and cellular biochemistry》1976,12(3):137-146
Summary The effects of several known inhibitors and activators of peroxidase-catalyzed reactions have been studied on the NADPH oxidase activity of granules isolated from polymorphonuclear leukocytes at rest or during phagocytosis. Redogenic substances, such as ascorbate or hydroquinone, and superoxide dismutase, which are known to inhibit peroxidase-catalyzed reactions, also inhibited the NADPH oxidase activity of granules. Oxidogenic substances, such as guaiacol or resorcinol, and manganese, which are known to stimulate peroxidase-catalyzed reactions, also activated the NADPH oxidase activity of granules. Cyanide, an inhibitor of peroxidase-catalyzed reactions, inhibited the NADPH oxidase activity of granules isolated from resting leukocytes but only slightly affected that of granules isolated from phagocytosing cells, as previously reported. A list of the properties of the NADPH oxidase activity of granules and of peroxidase oxidase activity is given. The arguments in favor of and those against a possible identity of the two activities are discussed.This paper is publication 9 of a series entitled: Enzymatic basis of the metabolic stimulation in phagocytosing leukocytes. The other publications of the series are those quoted in the Bibliography section as numbers 6, 8, 9, 11, 14, 16, 17, 36. 相似文献