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排序方式: 共有187条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
101.
Frédéric D Chevalier Claudia LL Valentim Philip T LoVerde Timothy JC Anderson 《BMC genomics》2014,15(1)
Background
Identification of parasite genes that underlie traits such as drug resistance and host specificity is challenging using classical linkage mapping approaches. Extreme QTL (X-QTL) methods, originally developed by rodent malaria and yeast researchers, promise to increase the power and simplify logistics of linkage mapping in experimental crosses of schistosomes (or other helminth parasites), because many 1000s of progeny can be analysed, phenotyping is not required, and progeny pools rather than individuals are genotyped. We explored the utility of this method for mapping a drug resistance gene in the human parasitic fluke Schistosoma mansoni.Results
We staged a genetic cross between oxamniquine sensitive and resistant parasites, then between two F1 progeny, to generate multiple F2 progeny. One group of F2s infecting hamsters was treated with oxamniquine, while a second group was left untreated. We used exome capture to reduce the size of the genome (from 363 Mb to 15 Mb) and exomes from pooled F2 progeny (treated males, untreated males, treated females, untreated females) and the two parent parasites were sequenced to high read depth (mean = 95-366×) and allele frequencies at 14,489 variants compared. We observed dramatic enrichment of alleles from the resistant parent in a small region of chromosome 6 in drug-treated male and female pools (combined analysis: = 11.07, p = 8.74 × 10-29). This region contains Smp_089320 a gene encoding a sulfotransferase recently implicated in oxamniquine resistance using classical linkage mapping methods.Conclusions
These results (a) demonstrate the utility of exome capture for generating reduced representation libraries in Schistosoma mansoni, and (b) provide proof-of-principle that X-QTL methods can be successfully applied to an important human helminth. The combination of these methods will simplify linkage analysis of biomedically or biologically important traits in this parasite.Electronic supplementary material
The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2164-15-617) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献102.
Laurie L Baker Rodrigo Wiff JC Quiroz Andrés Flores Renato Céspedes Mauricio A. Barrientos Vilma Ojeda Claudio Gatica 《Environmental Biology of Fishes》2014,97(10):1083-1093
The pink cusk-eel (Genypterus blacodes), a benthic-demersal fish confined to the southern hemisphere, supports an important commercial fishery in Chile where it is exploited over an extensive geographic area. Although the fishery was originally divided into a northern (41º28′–47º00′S) and southern (47º00′–57º00′S) zone for the purposes of fisheries management, recent studies have reported significant differences in life history parameters between these zones. Individuals from the southern zone reached larger asymptotic sizes and possessed higher survival rates compared to the northern zone. We estimate and compare the gonadosomatic index (GSI), shape of the maturity ogive, and length at 50 % maturity (L 50%) of female G. blacodes between management zones and across time using biological data collected from the industrial fleet between 1985 and 2009. Females in the northern zone had higher monthly mean GSI than females in the southern zone. Our analyses also revealed L 50% to be significantly higher in the southern zone than in the northern zone from 1985 to 2009. The significant differences in life-history traits between fishery management zones agree with the trade-offs predicted by Charnov’s life history theory. Together these results provide additional support for the hypothesis that two separate stocks exist and suggest that females from the northern zone have developed a life-history strategy, which favours early maturation and a proportionally greater investment in reproduction than females from the southern zone. 相似文献
103.
Biophysical Reviews - Molecular motors are enzymes that convert chemical potential energy into controlled kinetic energy for mechanical work inside cells. Understanding the biophysics of these... 相似文献
104.
Jin-Oh You Dariela Almeda George JC Ye Debra T Auguste 《Journal of biological engineering》2010,4(1):15
For years, the field of drug delivery has focused on (1) controlling the release of a therapeutic and (2) targeting the therapeutic
to a specific cell type. These research endeavors have concentrated mainly on the development of new degradable polymers and
molecule-labeled drug delivery vehicles. Recent interest in biomaterials that respond to their environment have opened new
methods to trigger the release of drugs and localize the therapeutic within a particular site. These novel biomaterials, usually
termed "smart" or "intelligent", are able to deliver a therapeutic agent based on either environmental cues or a remote stimulus.
Stimuli-responsive materials could potentially elicit a therapeutically effective dose without adverse side effects. Polymers
responding to different stimuli, such as pH, light, temperature, ultrasound, magnetism, or biomolecules have been investigated
as potential drug delivery vehicles. This review describes the most recent advances in "smart" drug delivery systems that
respond to one or multiple stimuli. 相似文献
105.
106.
Elise Borezée-Durant Aurelia Hiron Jean-Christophe Piard Vincent Juillard 《Applied and environmental microbiology》2009,75(10):3355-3357
Staphylococcus aureus RN6390 presents a diauxic growth in milk, due to amino acid limitation. Inactivation of the oligopeptide permease Opp3 (dedicated to the nitrogen nutrition of the strain) not only affects the growth of the strain but also results in reduced expression levels of three major extracellular proteases.Staphylococcus aureus is a ubiquitous gram-positive pathogen commonly found in the environment. Some S. aureus strains are able to produce enterotoxins that cause food poisoning (6). In France, contaminated dairy products are the main source of staphylococcal food-borne disease outbreaks (3). Thus, the development of this bacterium in milk is a major concern for the safety of dairy products. Our objective was to evaluate the growth of S. aureus in milk, with special attention focused on the role of the peptide transport systems. 相似文献
107.
Charles D Criscione Claudia LL Valentim Hirohisa Hirai Philip T LoVerde Timothy JC Anderson 《Genome biology》2009,10(6):R71-13
Background
Schistosoma mansoni is a blood fluke that infects approximately 90 million people. The complete life cycle of this parasite can be maintained in the laboratory, making this one of the few experimentally tractable human helminth infections, and a rich literature reveals heritable variation in important biomedical traits such as virulence, host-specificity, transmission and drug resistance. However, there is a current lack of tools needed to study S. mansoni's molecular, quantitative, and population genetics. Our goal was to construct a genetic linkage map for S. mansoni, and thus provide a new resource that will help stimulate research on this neglected pathogen. 相似文献108.
109.
Ability of Lactococcus lactis To Export Viral Capsid Antigens: a Crucial Step for Development of Live Vaccines 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
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Yakhya Dieye Arjan J. W. Hoekman Florence Clier Vincent Juillard Hein J. Boot Jean-Christophe Piard 《Applied microbiology》2003,69(12):7281-7288
Thefood grade bacterium Lactococcus lactis is a potential vehicle for protein delivery in the gastrointestinal tract. As a model, we constructed lactococcal strains producing antigens of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV). IBDV infects chickens and causes depletion of B-lymphoid cells in the bursa of Fabricius and subsequent immunosuppression, morbidity, or acute mortality. The two major IBDV antigens, i.e., VP2 and VP3, that form the viral capsid were expressed and targeted to the cytoplasm, the cell wall, or the extracellular compartment of L. lactis. Whereas VP3 was successfully targeted to the three compartments by the use of relevant expression and export vectors, VP2 was recalcitrant to export, thus confirming the difficulty of translocating naturally nonsecreted proteins across the bacterial membrane. This defect could be partly overcome by fusing VP2 to a naturally secreted protein (the staphylococcal nuclease Nuc) that carried VP2 through the membrane. Lactococcal strains producing Nuc-VP2 and VP3 in various bacterial compartments were administered orally to chickens. The chickens did not develop any detectable immune response against VP2 and VP3 but did exhibit an immune response against Nuc when Nuc-VP2 was anchored to the cell wall of lactococci. 相似文献
110.
Harriëtte Riese Tanja GM Vrijkotte Piet Meijer Cees Kluft Eco JC de Geus 《BMC cardiovascular disorders》2002,2(1):9-12