全文获取类型
收费全文 | 8542篇 |
免费 | 623篇 |
国内免费 | 5篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 43篇 |
2022年 | 96篇 |
2021年 | 195篇 |
2020年 | 133篇 |
2019年 | 128篇 |
2018年 | 183篇 |
2017年 | 154篇 |
2016年 | 284篇 |
2015年 | 402篇 |
2014年 | 467篇 |
2013年 | 573篇 |
2012年 | 698篇 |
2011年 | 716篇 |
2010年 | 445篇 |
2009年 | 383篇 |
2008年 | 501篇 |
2007年 | 521篇 |
2006年 | 511篇 |
2005年 | 422篇 |
2004年 | 383篇 |
2003年 | 305篇 |
2002年 | 340篇 |
2001年 | 79篇 |
2000年 | 61篇 |
1999年 | 61篇 |
1998年 | 89篇 |
1997年 | 36篇 |
1996年 | 52篇 |
1995年 | 52篇 |
1994年 | 50篇 |
1993年 | 48篇 |
1992年 | 42篇 |
1991年 | 41篇 |
1990年 | 33篇 |
1989年 | 38篇 |
1988年 | 33篇 |
1987年 | 43篇 |
1986年 | 31篇 |
1985年 | 40篇 |
1984年 | 36篇 |
1983年 | 46篇 |
1982年 | 35篇 |
1981年 | 35篇 |
1980年 | 23篇 |
1979年 | 23篇 |
1978年 | 19篇 |
1977年 | 34篇 |
1976年 | 20篇 |
1973年 | 14篇 |
1964年 | 15篇 |
排序方式: 共有9170条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
141.
A new homeobox-leucine zipper gene from Arabidopsis thaliana 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Jim Mattsson Eva Söderman Marie Svenson Chumpol Borkird Peter Engström 《Plant molecular biology》1992,18(5):1019-1022
We have isolated a homeobox-containing gene from Arabidopsis thaliana using a degenerate oligonucleotide probe corresponding to the most conserved region of the homeodomain. This strategy has been used previously to isolate homeobox-containing genes from Caenorhabditis, and recently from A. thaliana. The Arabidopsis genes have an unusual structure in that they have a leucine zipper motif adjacent to the carboxy terminal region of the homeo domain, a feature not found in homeobox-containing genes isolated from animals. We report the isolation and primary structure of a new member of this Arabidopsis homeobox-leucine zipper gene family. This new member has the homeodomain and leucine-zipper motif similar to the two genes previously identified, but differs from these genes in the part corresponding to the carboxy terminus of the polypeptide, as well as in size and isoelectric point of the protein. 相似文献
142.
Andrew G. Clark Eva M. S. Lyckegaard 《Evolution; international journal of organic evolution》1990,44(8):2106-2112
The evolutionary significance of Y-chromosomal ribosomal DNA sequence variation was tested by two different means. A single sample of males and females was collected from a peach orchard in central Pennsylvania. Wild-caught males and sons of wild-caught, wild-inseminated females were crossed to virgin females having an X-linked rDNA deficiency. Genomic DNA from male progeny of these crosses was extracted and digested with the single restriction endonuclease, DraI. Southern blots of these digestions, when probed with the complete rDNA probe, revealed 10 distinct patterns of restriction fragments. A chisquare test for the homogeneity of the frequency distributions of the sample of wild males and sons of wild females failed to reject a neutral null hypothesis. The allele frequency configuration was tested with the Ewens-Watterson test, and the departure from the infinite alleles neutral model was not significant. Simulations were performed to test the sensitivity of the tests to misclassification and to quantify the power of the two tests. 相似文献
143.
In the long-term cultivated callus cultures ofMatricaria recutita L. the identical concentration changes in the biosynthesis of glutathione, glutamate, aspartate, total thiols and proteins
were detected within the subculture. The level of oxidized glutathione during the growth of callus culture was low with the
highest value 10.66 nmol g-1 on the 13th day of subculture. The ratio GSH/GSSG which significantly influences the redox processes in a cell, and the activity
of glutathione reductase increased from the 8th day. Ascorbate formation was detected on the 17th day, although no relation
between the ascorbate synthesis and the concentration of glutathione and glutathione reductase was found. 相似文献
144.
Summary T-cell cultures derived from the blood of 14 patients with solid tumors were propagated with T-cell growth factor (TCGF). The cultures were initiated from lymphocytes exposed to autologous tumor-biopsy cells. TCGF was added either immediately or 3–10 days later. In the former culture type the cell yield on day 7 was considerably higher. The cytotoxic potential of the cultured cells was assayed on two occasions, between days 7 and 10 and between weeks 5 and 8. Cells of all but two cultures had the potential to lyse autologous tumor-biopsy cells.On the population level, cytotoxicity was specific for autologous tumor in those cultures that were driven to growth with TCGF after the 3rd day. These lymphocytes did not lyse allogeneic tumor-biopsy cells. In contrast, all five cultures initiated in the presence of TCGF exhibited a broader cytotoxic potential, i.e., in addition to the stimulator autologous-tumor cells, they also lysed other targets. Another difference between the two culture types was their behavior toward K562. Tested on the 7th day they all lysed K562; however, this function declined in strength or disappeared later in the cultures exposed to TCGF after the 3rd day.Reexposure of the lymphocytes to autologous tumor-biopsy cells after 2 weeks of culture period, but not on the 7th day, induced DNA synthesis. This secondary response was specific inasmuch as allogeneic tumor cells had little or no effect.One of the autotumor restimulated cultures was tested for cytotoxic potential. It increased against the autologous but not against other tumors or K562 cells. 相似文献
145.
Lawrence L. Johnson Evelyn L. Sargent Linda L. Washburn Eva M. Eicher 《Genesis (New York, N.Y. : 2000)》1982,3(3):247-253
Karyotypically XY individuals of the C57BL/6J-YPOS mouse stock develop as females or hermaphrodites, but never as normal males. The aberrant sexual development results from the interaction of the C57BL/6J genetic background with the M. poschiavinus-derived Y chromosome. XY females from this stock were assayed for H-Y antigen. By the criteria of skin-grafting, the cell-mediated lympholysis test, and the popliteal lymph node assay, these XY females are antigenically indistinguishable from normal C57BL/6 males. Implications for the hypothesis that H-Y antigen induces formation of the mammalian testis are discussed. 相似文献
146.
Giovanni Spinelli Marialuisa Melli Eva Arnold Caterina Casano Fabrizio Gianguzza Mirella Ciaccio 《Journal of molecular biology》1980,139(2):111-122
Sea urchin RNA extracted from early and mesenchyme blastula embryos and oocytes and fractionated on denaturing sucrose density gradients, was hybridized with histone DNA recombinants of Psammechinus miliaris (clone λh22) and of Paracentrotus lividus (clone pPH70). Histone sequences are found in the 9 S and larger than 9 S regions of the formamide/sucrose density gradients. The melting of the RNA-DNA duplexes obtained by hybridization of polysomal and high molecular weight RNA of embryos of P. lividus at the stage of early blastula, suggests a degree of heterogeneity in the high Mr RNA. The high Mr RNA contains at least four of the five histone gene sequences covalently linked. 相似文献
147.
H-2 loss variant sublines of a sarcoma (M-AS), induced by methylcholanthrene in an (A × A.SW)F1 mouse, were used to study the role of the MHC products in the recognition of MC-TSTA. The two reciprocal variant sublines (M-A and M-S) were found to express the TSTA of the original tumor as shown by cross-reactions in graft rejection experiments performed in (A × A.SW)F1 mice. In the A/Sn and A.SW mice the presence of the reciprocal parental H-2 antigens on the immunizing cells decreased the response against the tumor antigens. An admixture of lymphocytes derived from hyperimmune mice inhibited the outgrowth of the tumor cells. The growth inhibition was mediated by T cells and was H-2 restricted. Cells derived from hyperimmune syngeneic mice inhibited the outgrowth of the variant subline used for immunization but had no effect on the reciprocal variant subline. 相似文献
148.
Jorma Keski-Oja Erkki Ruoslahti Eva Engvall 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》1981,100(4):1515-1522
An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was developed to study the ability of fibronectin to bind to actin. Plastic microtiter wells were coated with actin and the binding of fibronectin was detected using purified fibronectin antibodies conjugated to alkaline phosphatase. The binding was dependent on the concentration of actin used for coating and on the amount of fibronectin that was subsequently permitted to bind. The binding could be inhibited by actin and gelatin, but not by heparin or bovine serum albumin. No major inhibition was observed by amines known to interfere with some of the other interactions of fibronectin. The ability of gelatin to inhibit the binding suggests that actin and collagen cannot bind to fibronectin simultaneously, and that the cell-binding and actin-binding sites of fibronectin are separate since cells attach to collagen-bound fibronectin. 相似文献
149.
Bromodeoxyuridine-dye technique analysis of X chromosome DNA synthesis in female adult and fetal mice carrying the balanced form of the T(X; 16) 16H translocation demonstrated that the structurally normal X chromosome was late replicating (and hence presumably inactive) in 93% of the adult cells and 99% of the 9-day embryo cells, with the X16 chromosome late replicating in the remaining cells. We conclude from these results that in T16H/+ females either there is preferential inactivation of the normal X chromosome or that, if inactivation is random, cell selection takes place before 9 days of development. Two 9-day female embryos with an unbalanced karyotype were also studied; both had two late-replicating chromosomes in most of their cells, one being the chromosome 16X, the other a normal X chromosome. These results, together with the presence of a late-replicating X16 chromosome in T16H/+ adult and fetal mice, support the concept that more than one inactivation center is present on the X chromosome of the mouse because the X16 and the 16x chromosomes can be late replicating. 相似文献
150.
Summary The majority of lymphocytes separated from tumor cell suspensions were T cells. Conjugates of T lymphocytes and tumor cells were often seen. Variable numbers of T cells exhibited signs of activation such as the ability to form stable E rosettes and attachment to normal and malignant cells (a phenomenon designated natural attachment: NA). A proportion of T cells activated in vitro by allogeneic stimulation regularly exhibit these properties. The T cell-tumor conjugates in the suspensions may represent the NA phenomenon, but they could also be the product of T cells that adhere on the basis of specific recognition of cell surface antigens.Abbreviations BBS
balanced salt solution
- E rosettes
rosettes formed with sheep erythrocytes
- EA rosettes
rosettes formed with ox erythrocytes coated with anti-ox IgG
- FCS
fetal calf serum
- MLC
mixed lymphocyte cultures
- NA
natural attachment
- PBL
peripheral blood lymphocytes
- SRBC
sheep erythrocytes
- T lymphocytes
thymusderived lymphocytes 相似文献