白芨SSR引物筛选及群体遗传多样性研究

白芨(Bletilla striata Rchb.)为中国珍稀濒危植物,重要的药用植物。该研究基于Illumina测序技术构建白芨基因组文库和微卫星文库,设计白芨微卫星引物,用白芨4个野生种群80个个体对引物进行多态性检测,应用4个白芨近缘种中进行引物的通用性检测,并在此基础上分析了白芨的遗传多样性和遗传分化,以探讨白芨的遗传结构和进化潜能。结果表明:(1)白芨基因组中微卫星片断丰富,共检测出17 841条微卫星片断。基于白芨微卫星库对100个位点设计了引物对,经PCR扩增和检测筛选出能够稳定扩增的多态性位点20个,每个位点的复等位基因数(Na)在2~6之间,平均为3.85;20对引物的大部分能够在4个白芨近缘种中成功扩增。(2)白芨在物种水平均有较高的遗传多样性(Na=3.85,I=1.07,H=0.614 7),白芨种群遗传分化强烈(Gst=0.43),居群间的基因流较弱(Nm=0.867 6),居群聚类分析结果均表明地理距离较近的居群具有较近的遗传关系。     

镍钛形状记忆合金环抱器内固定术对多发性肋骨骨折患者术后疼痛、呼吸功能及肺部感染的影响

目的:探讨多发性肋骨骨折患者采用镍钛形状记忆合金环抱器内固定术治疗的临床效果。方法:选取2016年1月-2018年1月期间我院收治的97例多发性肋骨骨折患者。按照不同的治疗方法将患者分为对照组(n=47)和研究组(n=50),对照组患者给予胸部护板外固定术,研究组患者给予镍钛形状记忆合金环抱器内固定术。比较两组患者术后7 d的临床疗效,比较两组术前、术后7 d疼痛程度及呼吸功能情况,记录两组术后并发症发生情况。结果:研究组患者治疗后总有效率为92.00%(46/50),高于对照组患者的76.60%(36/47)(P0.05)。两组患者术后7 d视觉疼痛模拟评分量表(VAS)评分均较术前降低,且研究组低于对照组(P0.05)。两组患者术后7 d最大自主通气量占预计值百分比(MVV%)较术前升高,且研究组高于对照组(P0.05);两组患者术后7 d第1秒用力呼气肺活量占预计值百分比(FEV1%)比较无差异(P0.05)。研究组患者术后并发症总发生率8.00%(4/50),低于对照组的23.40%(11/47)(P0.05)。结论:多发性肋骨骨折经镍钛形状记忆合金环抱器内固定术治疗安全、有效,可明显减轻患者术后疼痛及改善呼吸功能,临床应用价值较高。     

不同树龄水曲柳半同胞家系生长性状变异研究

为筛选优质的水曲柳种质资源,以吉林省三岔子林业局国家水曲柳良种基地的16年生水曲柳子代测定林75个半同胞家系为材料,分别在第4、11和16年对其树高、地径（胸径）和材积进行测定。方差分析结果表明,不同变异来源各指标均达极显著差异水平（P<0.01）;各指标表型变异系数变化范围为22.20%~63.30%,家系遗传力变化范围为0.796~0.981;相关性分析结果表明各指标间均呈极显著正相关;以材积为评价指标,按10%入选率对家系进行评价选择,初步筛选8个优良家系,入选的家系材积平均值比总平均值高0.007 m³,遗传增益为36.03%;该研究选出的优良家系可为良种登记提供基础,也可为种子园的改建提供材料。     

An MAP kinase interacts with LHK1 and regulates nodule organogenesis in Lotus japonicus

Symbiosis receptor-like kinase(SymRK) is a key protein mediating the legume-Rhizobium symbiosis. Our previous work has identified an MAP kinase kinase, SIP2, as a SymRK-interacting protein to positively regulate nodule organogenesis in Lotus japonicus, suggesting that an MAPK cascade might be involved in Rhizobium-legume symbiosis. In this study, LjMPK6 was identified as a phosphorylation target of SIP2. Stable transgenic L. japonicus with RNAi silencing of LjMPK6 decreased the numbers of nodule primordia(NP) and nodule, while plants overexpressing LjMPK6 increased the numbers of nodule, infection threads(ITs), and NP, indicating that LjMPK6 plays a positive role in nodulation. LjMPK6 could interact with a cytokinin receptor, LHK1 both in vivo and in vitro. LjMPK6 was shown to compete with LHP1 to bind to the receiver domain(RD) of LHK1 and to downregulate the expression of two LjACS(1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase) genes and ethylene levels during nodulation. This study demonstrated an important role of LjMPK6 in regulation of nodule organogenesis and ethylene production in L. japonicus.     

Aureonitols A and B,Two New C13‐Polyketides from Chaetomium globosum,an Endophytic Fungus in Salvia miltiorrhiza

Two new C₁₃‐polyketides, aureonitols A and B ( 1 and 2 ), along with five known compounds ( 3 – 7 ), were isolated from the solid fermentation culture of the plant endophytic fungus Chaetomium globosum from the aerial parts of Salvia miltiorrhiza. The structures and absolute configurations of 1 and 2 were determined by comprehensive spectroscopic data analysis and computed methods. Compound 5 was found to display the remarkable antimicrobial activities against four multidrug‐resistant bacteria (Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis) with MIC values of 3.13–6.25 μg/mL (ciprofloxacin: 0.78–1.56 μg/mL), and also against all tested fungal strains with MIC values of 3.13–25 μg/mL (ketoconazole: 0.78–12.50 μg/mL).     

Polarization-Independent Narrowband Near-Perfect Absorption Based on One-Dimension Embedded Aluminum Grating

Plasmonics - In the past, the polarization-insensitive absorption is realized mainly employing the two-dimensional periodic structure of fourfold rotational symmetry, which greatly increases the...     

Fluorine‐Free Noble Salt Anion for High‐Performance All‐Solid‐State Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

Amongst post‐Li‐ion battery technologies, lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries have captured an immense interest as one of the most appealing devices from both the industrial and academia sectors. The replacement of conventional liquid electrolytes with solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) enables not only a safer use of Li metal (Li°) anodes but also a flexible design in the shape of Li–S batteries. However, the practical implementation of SPEs‐based all‐solid‐state Li–S batteries (ASSLSBs) is largely hindered by the shuttling effect of the polysulfide intermediates and the formation of dendritic Li° during the battery operation. Herein, a fluorine‐free noble salt anion, tricyanomethanide [C(CN)₃^?, TCM^?], is proposed as a Li‐ion conducting salt for ASSLSBs. Compared to the widely used perfluorinated anions {e.g., bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide anion, [N(SO₂CF₃)₂)]^?, TFSI^?}, the LiTCM‐based electrolytes show decent ionic conductivity, good thermal stability, and sufficient anodic stability suiting the cell chemistry of ASSLSBs. In particular, the fluorine‐free solid electrolyte interphase layer originating from the decomposition of LiTCM exhibits a good mechanical integrity and Li‐ion conductivity, which allows the LiTCM‐based Li–S cells to be cycled with good rate capability and Coulombic efficiency. The LiTCM‐based electrolytes are believed to be the most promising candidates for building cost‐effective and high energy density ASSLSBs in the near future.     

SERCA regulates collective cell migration by maintaining cytoplasmic Ca~(2+) homeostasis

<正>Characterized by multicellular migratory behavior and cooperative ability,collective cell migration plays critical roles in developmental,physiological and pathological processes,such as organogenesis,wound healing and tumor metastasis (Friedl and Gilmour,2009).Molecular features of collective cell migration including collective polarization,coordinated cytoskeletal activity,and guidance signaling have been recently investigated in a variety of in vivo and in vitro model systems (Scarpa and Mayor,2016),but many other aspects of regulatory mechanisms remain unexplored.