飞蝗复眼生理和结构上的节律变化

采用细胞内记录和光镜方法研究了飞蝗(Locusta migratoria)夜间和日间在暗适应和明适应状态下小网膜细胞角敏感度以及晶锥和小网膜细胞之间区域结构上的变化.结果表明小网膜细胞角敏感度的变化不仅仅由于晶锥周围主色素细胞色素颗粒的移动,而且也由于小眼感杆束结构上的节律变化.     

豌豆根瘤侵染细胞衰老过程的电镜观察

用透射电镜观察了豌豆根瘤侵染细胞在衰老过程中的超微结构变化,结果表明,侵染细胞和拟菌体的衰老有一定的规律和特征,首先是一些包裹拟菌体的包囊变得疏松,包囊和拟菌体之间出现较大间隙,间隙中常有一些纤维状和泡状物质。然后,细胞质失去正常结构,逐渐凝聚为染色很深的团块,进而完全泡状化,伴随着拟菌体的衰老,寄主细胞质染色由深变浅,细胞器逐渐减少,最后,液泡和质膜相继破裂,细胞完全瓦解,有时在衰老细胞的胞间隙,或在衰老的细胞质中有一定年轻的细菌,甚至在一片崩溃的拟菌体中还有侵染丝,有的还正在向寄主细胞质释放细菌。     

籼稻体细胞胚胎发生的组织学及细胞学研究

以成熟种子为外植体,在离体培养中研究了体细胞胚胎发生,组织学研究表明,愈伤组织是由成熟种子盾片的表皮吸收细胞首先发生的,随后从愈伤组织分化出胚状体。象水稻合子胚的结构一样,体细胞胚状体主要由盾片,胚芽稍及胚根组成,在胚状体内可以观察到不同发育时期的原胚,包括大量的单一的胚性细胞、二细胞、四细胞及分化程度不同的原胚以及一些畸形胚状体,从本实验可以初步认为由籼稻体细胞培养而获得的胚状体在结构上也有象合子胚一样的基本结构,并且是单细胞起源的。     

An in vitro test for measuring cytotoxicity of mercuric chloride to human kidney epithelial cells by specific enzyme release

Mercuric compound toxicity is well documented in animals and man for practically all organs. The recent development of cell culture techniques appeared as a novel fruitful tool in toxicology, especially in renal toxicology. Heavy metal induced renal cell alterations can be evaluated by membrane permeability damages.The present study evaluates mercuric chloride nephrotoxic effect in human kidney epithelial cells by measuring the release of two specific nephrotoxicity marker enzymes, Gamma Glutamyl Transferase (GGT) and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) in the culture medium. Cultured kidney epithelial cells were exposed to different HgCl₂ concentrations (5, 10, 20, and 50 g). Cultures were examined after 6 and 24 hours exposure. A good correlation between mercury dose and toxic effect, and exposure time and toxic effect was found. Enzymes were significantly released into the culture medium for 5 g and 10 g HgCl₂/ml after 6 hours exposure; and after 24 hours exposure, enzymes were released for 5 g/ml only.It appears that the specific tubular enzyme release in the culture medium is a good in vitro test for quantification of specific tubular damage.     

Polystyrene substratum for bulk culture of anchorage dependent cells

Twisted ribbons made of polystyrene were used as a packing material for the cultivation of anchorage dependent cells. Normal human fibroblast cells grown on this support in a laboratory scale reactor reached densities of about 5–7×10⁵ cells/ml. The cells adhered strongly to the carrier and no cell detachment was observed upon transfer to serum free medium. The properties of this packing material and its potential use are discussed.     

Fixed bed porous glass sphere (porosphere) bioreactors for animal cells

Process intensity of fixed bed glass sphere culture systems is increased considerably by replacing solid glass spheres with open pore glass spheres. This technique demonstrates the possibility of having a system capable of both volumetric and cell density scale up and being suitable for substrate attached and suspension cells. The yields achieved for a number of attached cell lines (approximately 10⁷/ml) demonstrate an increase approaching one order of magnitude over solid glass spheres (approximately 10⁶/ml). Also suspension cells were successfully entrapped in the open pore structure with similar yields.     

图论在中国慈姑属数量分类研究中的应用

慈姑属(Sagittaria L.)是水生单子叶植物泽泻科(Alismataceae)的一个重要属。近年来,陈家宽等对中国慈姑属进行了系统研究。作者应用聚类分析和主成分分析进行了中国慈姑属的数量分类,取得了良好的效果。由于慈姑属分类性状数目较大,因而在压缩后的三维空间中描述分类群间的距离,     

武汉地区硅质磷片金藻的初步研究

1986年11月,在武汉植物所的3个池塘及东湖附近的池塘内采集的标本中,含有大量的具硅质磷片的金藻,共11种,分别隶属于Spiniferomonas, Paraphysomonas, Chrysosphaevella, Mallomonas和Synura 5个属。本文提供了这些藻的硅质磷片、刺及毛的电镜照片。这些藻在中国研究得很少,许多种都是第一次报道,它们中的大多数在世界上其它一些地区也是普遍出现的,有些则毫无疑问地属于世界性分布。     

植物激素对草莓叶片不定芽形成的影响

用试管内生长的草莓幼嫩叶片作外植体,培养在MS基本培养基上附加1.5—2.5毫克/升6—BA和0.1毫克/升NAA,可直接诱导成不定芽,诱导率可达20%。如果不定芽继代培养在同样浓度的培养基上,继而可形成大量的丛生芽。能使叶外植体形成不定芽的植物激素组合而不能使其愈伤组织分化成芽。IAA与6—BA的不同浓度组合对不定芽形成效果不明显。