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101.
Isolation of cadmium sensitive mutants in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii by transformation/insertional mutagenesis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Abstract An arg7, cw15, mt+ strain of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (CC1618) was transformed with pARG7.8, a plasmid containing the wild-type ARG7 gene. Over 2300 arg+ transformants were selected on TAP media. Upon subsequent analysis on TAP plus cadmium plates, five of the transformants failed to grow at a level of 400 μM cadmium and were designated as cadmium sensitive (Cds ) mutants. Hybridization data indicated that vector (pBR329) sequences were present in these five mutants, but not in the untransformed parental strain. Two of the mutants have been back crossed to an arg7, cw15, Cd+ , mt− strain (CC425) and found to have progeny which always cosegregate the arg+ and Cds phenotypesin these two mutants results from the insertion of the plasmid pARG7.8 into a gene involving cadmium detoxification, and it provides a method by which to clone the interrupted gene(s). 相似文献
102.
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104.
A simple, sensitive spectrophotometric assay system for superoxide dismutase (SOD) has been developed. This assay is based on the inhibitory effects of SOD on the initial rate of 6-hydroxydopamine autoxidation. The inhibition of 6-hydroxydopamine autoxidation was virtually linear to an SOD concentration of approximately 100 ng of SOD/ml (about a 50% inhibition at 100 ng/ml; there was a greater inhibition at higher SOD concentrations). With this assay system it was determined that SOD levels in rat brain, liver, and spinal cord were 84, 660, and 56 μg of SOD/g of tissue, respectively. These results agree very well with results obtained by other assays. 相似文献
105.
One electron micrographs, negatively stained multicatalytic proteinase molecules are viewed end-on (ring shaped) or side-on (rectangular shaped). For aurothioglucose, ammonium molybdate- and phosphotungstate-stained molecules, the dimensions measured are consistent. In contrast, uranyl acetate-staining reveals ring-shaped particles which vary in diameter between 12 and 16 nm. This is due to a partial collapse and substantial flattening of the structure. Digital image analysis of side-on views of the particles reveals a tripartite, reel-shaped structure. Within the ring-like, end-on projections of ammonium molybdate-stained molecules six local centres of mass can be discerned; their position appears to depart, however, from a true six-fold symmetry. 相似文献
106.
Felicitas S. Holzer 《Bioethics》2017,31(7):559-567
The ‘socially valuable knowledge’ (SVK) principle has been widely acknowledged as one of the most important guiding principles for biomedical research involving human subjects. The principle states that the potential of producing socially valuable knowledge is a necessary requirement, although not sufficient, for the ethical conduct of research projects. This is due to the assumption that the social value of knowledge avoids exploitation of research subjects and justifies the use of health resources. However, more recently, several authors have started interrogating the validity of SVK in research and offered various lines of argument against the SVK principle as a necessary constraint to research. In this article, I will reconstruct the main arguments of this discussion between defenders and debunkers of the SVK principle and offer a third way to consider the social value of knowledge in research studies. I will argue that the social value of knowledge can be supported by an independent justification. This justification of the SVK principle addresses the rationality and common interest of researchers. Thus, I will introduce the SVK principle as a safeguarding principle for public trust based on a conceptual framework by Alex John London. My approach justifies keeping the principle as a precautionary and rational requirement for human health research that all rational stakeholders can agree upon. 相似文献
107.
The effects of some new chelating agents on the cadmium burden of CHO cells in culture were investigated. The chelators were sodium-N-(4-methoxybenzyl)-D-glucamine-dithiocarbamate (MeOBG-DTC), sodium-N-benzyl-D-glucaminedithiocarbamate (BG-DTC) and di-isopropylmeso-2,3-dimercapto succinate (DiP-DMSA). The results were compared with the effect of the well known dimercaptopropanol (BAL).The derivates of dithiocarbamate are much less toxic than DiP-DMSA and BAL. All chelators effectively prevent Cd uptake into the cells. Mobilization of intracellular Cd, however, is more effective by the DTC-derivatives than by DiP-DMSA or BAL. Within the cell the major fraction of Cd after 48 hours incubation is found in the nuclei and cytosol and very little in the peroxisomes. The chelating agents remove the metal mostly from nuclei and cytosol. Incubation of the cells with cadmium leads to the induction of a Cd binding protein of an apparent molecular weight of 12500 Da, presumably metallothionein. MeOBG-DTC is more effective in removing the metal from this protein than BG-DTC.Abbreviations MeOBG-DTC
Na-N(4-methoxybenzyl)-D-glucaminedithiocarbamate
- BG-DTC
Na-N-benzyl-D-glucaminedithiocarbamate
- DiP-DMSA
di-isopropyl-2,3-dimercaptosuccinate
- BAL
2,3-dimercaptopropane-1-o1
- Da
dalton
- MEM
minimum essential medium
- IU
international units
- FBS
fetal bovine serum
- CD
unbroken cells and debris
- N
nuclei
- ML
mitochondria, and lysosomes
- P
peroxisomes
- HMW
high molecular weight
- MT
metallothionein 相似文献
108.
Felicitas Altmayr Gabriela Jusek Bernhard Holzmann 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2010,285(6):3525-3531
109.
Eric Dexter Stephen M. Bollens Jeffery Cordell Ho Young Soh Gretchen Rollwagen-Bollens Susanne P. Pfeifer Jérôme Goudet Séverine Vuilleumier 《Biological invasions》2018,20(6):1577-1595
The rate of aquatic invasions by planktonic organisms has increased considerably in recent decades. In order to effectively direct funding and resources to control the spread of such invasions, a methodological framework for identifying high-risk transport vectors, as well as ruling out vectors of lesser concern will be necessary. A number of estuarine ecosystems on the North American Pacific Northwest coast have experienced a series of high impact planktonic invasions that have slowly unfolded across the region in recent decades, most notably, that of the planktonic copepod crustacean Pseudodiaptomus inopinus. Although introduction of P. inopinus to the United States almost certainly occurred through the discharge of ballast water from commercial vessels originating in Asia (the species’ native range), the mechanisms and patterns of subsequent spread remain unknown. In order to elucidate the migration events shaping this invasion, we sampled the genomes of copepods from seven invasive and two native populations using restriction-site associated DNA sequencing. This genetic data was evaluated against spatially-explicit genetic simulation models to evaluate competing scenarios of invasion spread. Our results indicate that invasive populations of P. inopinus exhibit a geographically unstructured genetic composition, likely arising from infrequent and large migration events. This pattern of genetic patchiness was unexpected given the linear geographic structure of the sampled populations, and strongly contrasts with the clear invasion corridors observed in many aquatic systems. 相似文献
110.
Schoepf Verena Cornwall Christopher E. Pfeifer Svenja M. Carrion Steven A. Alessi Cinzia Comeau Steeve McCulloch Malcolm T. 《Coral reefs (Online)》2018,37(4):1169-1180
Coral Reefs - Reef-building corals are surrounded by complex microenvironments (i.e. concentration boundary layers) that partially isolate them from the ambient seawater. Although the presence of... 相似文献