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排序方式: 共有112条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
41.
Hilde Van Esch Rita Colnaghi Kathleen Freson Petro Starokadomskyy Andreas Zankl Liesbeth Backx Iga Abramowicz Emily Outwin Luis Rohena Claire Faulkner Gary M. Leong Ruth A. Newbury-Ecob Rachel C. Challis Katrin Õunap Jacques Jaeken Eve Seuntjens Koen Devriendt Ezra Burstein Mark O’Driscoll 《American journal of human genetics》2019,104(5):957-967
42.
Rudolf Klemetti Katherine M. Steele Petro Moilanen Janne Avela Jussi Timonen 《Journal of biomechanics》2014
This study was conducted to analyze the unimpaired control of the trunk during walking. Studying the unimpaired control of the trunk reveals characteristics of good control. These characteristics can be pursued in the rehabilitation of impaired control. Impaired control of the trunk during walking is associated with aging and many movement disorders. This is a concern as it is considered to increase fall risk. Muscles that contribute to the trunk control in normal walking may also contribute to it under perturbation circumstances, attempting to prevent an impending fall. Knowledge of such muscles can be used to rehabilitate impaired control of the trunk. Here, angular accelerations of the trunk induced by individual muscles, in the sagittal and frontal planes, were calculated using 3D muscle-driven simulations of seven young healthy subjects walking at free speed. Analysis of the simulations demonstrated that the abdominal and back muscles displayed large contributions throughout the gait cycle both in the sagittal and frontal planes. Proximal lower-limb muscles contributed more than distal muscles in the sagittal plane, while both proximal and distal muscles showed large contributions in the frontal plane. Along with the stance-limb muscles, the swing-limb muscles also exhibited considerable contribution. The gluteus medius was found to be an important individual frontal-plane control muscle; enhancing its function in pathologies could ameliorate gait by attenuating trunk sway. In addition, since gravity appreciably accelerated the trunk in the frontal plane, it may engender excessive trunk sway in pathologies. 相似文献
43.
Intracellular localization of the p35 subunit of murine IL-12 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Production of interleukin-12 (IL-12), a heterodimer of p35 and p40 subunits, is limited by p35 expression. A long and a short murine p35 mRNA potentially encoding proteins differing in pre-sequence size are produced. Increased pre-sequence size could convert a cleaved signal peptide to an uncleaved signal peptide, raising the possibility that a membrane-bound form of p35 is produced. The intracellular localization of the p35 encoded by each mRNA isoform was determined by constructing cDNAs containing the long or short p35 cDNA isoform fused in-frame to a cDNA encoding green fluorescent protein (GFP). After transfection of a CV-1 African green monkey kidney cell line with the constructs, confocal microscopy and immunoblotting of extracted microsomal membranes demonstrated that the p35-GFP fusion protein encoded by the long or short mRNA accumulates in the Golgi apparatus as an endoglycosidase H-sensitive glycosylated integral membrane protein. In contrast, a p40-GFP fusion protein accumulates in the Golgi apparatus as a soluble protein. Since assembly of the p35 and p40 subunits to form bioactive IL-12 occurs in the ER, release of membrane-tethered IL-12 by proteolytic cleavage in a late Golgi or post-Golgi compartment may represent an as yet unidentified level at which bioactive IL-12 secretion is regulated. 相似文献
44.
45.
Comparison of rotavirus strains by hemagglutination inhibition. 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Rotaviruses have been shown to be of importance as aetiologic agents of gastroenteritis in infants and in domestic animals of several species. Hemagglutinins were prepared from two Canadian isolates of bovine rotavirus and from one isolate of a simian rotavirus. A United Kingdon isolate of bovine rotavirus was shown not to possess hemagglutinating activity, indicating a strain difference between a Canadian and United Kingdom bovine rotavirus. In hemagglutination-inhibition (HAI) tests a rabbit hyperimmune (two injections) serum, prepared to one of the bovine rotaviruses, was not helpful in distinguishing the two bovine viruses because of cross-reactions between the viruses. However, it was possible to distinguish the bovine viruses from the simian virus with this serum. When guinea pig immune sera were prepared to the four rotavirus strains and tested with the three hemagglutinins in the HAI test, antigenic differences between the four strains of rotavirus were demonstrated. Hyperimmune guinea pig serum prepared to a strain of human rotavirus did not inhibit any of three hemagglutinins indicating that the human strain is different from the three rotavirus strains which gave hemagglutinins. 相似文献
46.
Campbell J. A. Eppersimons C. F. Kligerman A. D. Petro A. B. Sharief Y. Allen J. W. 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》1986,22(8):443-448
Summary Methods are described for the short-term culture (48 to 56 h) of lung, liver, and kidney cells from C57B1/6 mice. With these
techniques, mice can be exposed in vivo to test compounds and the cells grown on cover glasses in the presence of 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine
(BrdUrd) (5 μM) for analysis of sister chromatid exchange (SCE) and cell cycle kinetics. Mice exposed to vinyl carbamate (VC) ((10 to 60
mg/kg) by i.p. injection were used in the initial examination of this system. Cultured lung and kidney cells from epxosed
animals (60 mg/kg) exhibited significant increases in SCE frequencies (approximately 3 to 5 times baseline); however, liver
cells were much less responsive and showed less than a twofold increase over baseline SCE levels. Lung cultures initiated
as long as 320 h after VC exposure (60 mg/kg) revealed a persistance of lesions leading to the formation of SCEs in vitro.
This methodology permits analysis of cytogenetic damage in organs with very low mitotic activity after in vivo exposure to
known or suspected genotoxicants.
The research described in this article has been reviewed by the Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views and policies
of the Agency nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. 相似文献
47.
Chemical characterization of the two forms of epidermal growth factor in murine saliva 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Petro E. Petrides Peter Böhlen John E. Shively 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》1984,125(1):218-228
Extracts of murine salivary glands contain two molecular forms of epidermal growth factor, EGF I and EGF II (Petrides, P.E., Levine, A.E., Shooter, E.M. in: Peptides: - Synthesis, Structure and Function (Rich, D.H., Gross, E.eds.) p. 781 (1981]. We have identified both molecules not only in salivary gland extracts but also in saliva using only reverse phase liquid chromatography methodology. EGF I and II were isolated from submaxillary gland extracts in a ratio of 3:1 regardless of whether the classical isolation procedure or our rapid RPLC based technique was used. Both molecular forms were present in the same ratio in saliva of mice of both sexes when salivation was induced by epinephrine treatment of the animals. As judged by amino acid analysis and N-terminal sequencing salivary EGF I corresponds to the 53 amino acid sequence of murine EGF and EGF II is Des-ASN-EGF. The observation that EGF and Des-ASN-EGF are consecreted into saliva upon epinephrine stimulation implies a physiological role of EGF II which may be related to the high molecular weight EGF-complex. 相似文献
48.
49.
An ATPase activity specifically stimulated by micromolar Ca2+ concentrations has been identified in association with rabbit neurophil membranes. These studies provide the basis of further characterization of the Ca2+-ATPase activity with regard to neutrophil function. 相似文献
50.
Collagen Network of Articular Cartilage Modulates Fluid Flow and Mechanical Stresses in Chondrocyte 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Korhonen RK Julkunen P Rieppo J Lappalainen R Konttinen YT Jurvelin JS 《Biomechanics and modeling in mechanobiology》2006,5(2-3):150-159
The extracellular matrix of articular cartilage modulates the mechanical signals sensed by the chondrocytes. In the present study, a finite element model (FEM) of the chondrocyte and its microenvironment was reconstructed using the information from fourier transform infrared imaging spectroscopy. This environment consisted of pericellular, territorial (mainly proteoglycans), and inter-territorial (mainly collagen) matrices. The chondrocyte, pericellular, and territorial matrix were assumedto be mechanically isotropic and poroelastic, whereas the inter-territorial matrix, due to its high collagen content, was assumed to be transversely isotropic and poroelastic. Under instantaneous strain-controlled compression, the FEM indicated that the fluid pressure within the chondrocyte increased nonlinearly as a function of the in-plane Young’s modulus of the collagen network. Under instantaneous force-controlled compression, the chondrocyte experienced the highest fluid pressure when the in-plane Young’s modulus of the collagen network was ~4 MPa. Based on the present results, the mechanical characteristics of the collagen network of articular cartilage can modify fluid flow and stresses in chondrocytes. Therefore, the integrity of the collagen network may be an important determinant in cell stimulation and in the control of the matrix maintenance. 相似文献