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Balíček  Petr  Žižka  Jan  Skalská  Hana 《Human genetics》1977,38(2):189-193
Summary Linear measurement of blocks of constitutive heterochromatin and the euchromatin portion 1q-h in three members of a family was used to study the dependence of the size of C blocks on the degree of chromosomal contraction. The results demonstrate that the size of heterochromatin portions decrease regularly with an increases of the degree of euchromatin contraction. The dependence was found to be linear, except for mitoses with an extremely high or low degree of contraction. The finding was used for the development of a new method of evaluation of constitutive heterochromatin.  相似文献   
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1. The oligomeric dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCCD)-binding protein of mitochondrial ATPase was studied using (a) the relationship between [14C]DCCD binding and inhibition of ATPase activities and (b) the analysis of the kinetics of inhibition. 2. The [14C]DCCD binding to bovine heart mitochondria is linearly proportional to the inhibition of ATP hydrolysis up to a 50% decrease of the original activity resulting in 0.6 mol DCCD bound covalently to the specific inhibitory site (Hous?t?k, J., Svoboda, P., Kopecký, J., Kuz?ela, S?. and Drahota, Z. (1981) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 634, 331–339) per mol of the fully inhibited enzyme. 3. Kinetics of the inhibition of both the ATPase activity (heart and liver mitochondria) and ADP-stimulated respiration (liver) reveal that 1 mol DCCD per mol ATPase eliminates both the synthetic and the hydrolytic activities. It is inferred that the activity-binding correlation underestimates the number of DCCD-reactive sites. 4. The second-order rate constant of the DCCD-ATPase interaction (k) is inversely related to the concentration of membranes, indicating that DCCD reaches the inhibitory site by concentrating in the hydrophobic (phospholipid) environment. 5. At a given concentration of liver mitochondria, comparable k values are obtained both for the inhibition of ATP hydrolysis (k=5.35·102M?1·min?1) and ADP-stimulated respiration (k=5.67·102M?1·min?1). 6. It is concluded that both the synthetic and the hydrolytic functions of ATPase are inhibited via a common single DCCD-reactive site. This site is represented by one of the several polypeptide chains forming the oligomer of the DCCD-binding protein. The inhibitor-ATPase interaction does not exhibit cooperativity, indicating that the preferential reactivity towards DCCD is an inherent property of the inhibitory site.  相似文献   
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The paper summarizes data concerning the biology and ecology ofOenanthe aquatica. The species is commonly distributed all over Czechoslovakia, from lowlands to the submontane belt, especially in fishpond and river basins.O. aquatica shows no special relationship to the chemical and physical soil properties, and is well adapted to habitats with a changing water level. The reproduction ofO. aquatica depends on emerging of the bottom. The most developed populations are formed by biennial plants and arise in the year following summer or autumn drainage.  相似文献   
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Soil ingestion estimates may play a prominent role in exposure estimation for risk assessments involving tightly bound soil contaminants such as dioxin, PCBs, and lead in soil. Since contamination is often localized to specific areas, the relative contribution of ingested soil due to outdoor soil and indoor dust may have a large impact on the risk assessment. This article examines data on 64 preschool children over 2 weeks to estimate the relative contribution of ingested soil from outdoor soil and indoor dust. Four principal methodological approaches are developed and presented to form the estimates, and their relative strengths and weaknesses are discussed.

The four approaches differ in their assumptions and their ability to detail differences in ingestion source. Two approaches (i.e., duration correlation method — approach 1 and group tracer ratio method — approach 2) were used that can only estimate the average ingestion source, where averages are calculated over subjects and weeks. Both of these approaches have sufficient limitations to preclude confidence in the resulting estimates.

The final two approaches (approach 3 — individual tracer ratio method and approach 4 — multiple statistical model method) were able to characterize ingestion source for individual subject‐weeks and offered more plausible estimates of soil ingestion. Greater emphasis is placed on approach 3 since it was biologically plausible and conceptually straightforward. Approach 3 indicated that 49.2% ± 29.2% of the residual fecal tracers were estimated to be of soil origin. These findings, which represent the first quantitative differentiation of soil vs. dust ingestion, have considerable application for a variety of environmental settings requiring exposure assessment.  相似文献   

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Binding studies with [14C]-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide showed the presence of binding sites in the beef-heart mitochondrial membrane at a concentration of 1.8 nmol/mg protein (1.4 sites per cytochrome a+a3). Saturation of these sites correlated with the inhibition of the ATPase activity. The maximum binding capacity could be related with the amount of F1-ATPase in mitochondria from various tissues.  相似文献   
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Summary The frequency of sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) and chromosome aberrations and the dynamics of cell division in peripheral blood lymphocytes of four patients with Fanconi's anemia were studied after in vitro exposure to alkylating agents TEPA and mitomycin.SCE frequency was significantly increased even after very low doses of mutagens, while chromosome aberrations were significantly increased only after high doses (0.160 g/ml mitomycin and 10-5 M TEPA). The responses of Fanconi's anemia cells and control cells did not differ significantly. The increased frequency of both SCE and chromosome aberrations was accompanied by gradual delay of cell division, which was most conspicuous in cells from patients with Fanconi's anemia.  相似文献   
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