幽门螺杆菌感染性胃癌组织中cyclinD1、MMP-9的表达及其临床意义

目的:探讨幽门螺杆菌(HP)感染性胃癌组织中细胞周期蛋白D1(cyclinD1)、基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)的表达及其临床意义。方法:选取2016年12月到2018年6月期间在兰州大学第一医院接受治疗的胃癌患者80例,收集其手术切除的病理组织。采用C-14呼气试验和改良Giemsa染色检测患者HP感染的情况,采用免疫组化法检测胃癌组织中cyclinD1、MMP-9表达情况。分析HP感染、cyclinD1、MMP-9表达与胃癌患者临床病理特征的关系,并分析胃癌患者HP感染与cyclinD1、MMP-9表达的相关性。结果:80例胃癌患者HP感染阳性56例(70.00%),阴性24例(30.00%)。有淋巴结转移、浸润深度为T3+T4的胃癌患者的HP感染阳性率高于无淋巴结转移、浸润深度为T1+T2的胃癌患者(P0.05)。80例胃癌患者cyclinD1阳性表达45例(56.25%),阴性表达35例(43.75%),MMP-9阳性表达65例(81.25%),阴性表达15例(18.75%),TNM临床分期为III+IV期、分化程度为低分化、有淋巴结转移、浸润深度为T3+T4的胃癌患者的cyclinD1、MMP-9阳性表达率明显高于TNM临床分期为I+II期、分化程度为中高分化、无淋巴结转移、浸润深度为T1+T2的胃癌患者(P0.05)。HP感染阳性患者的cyclinD1阳性表达率和MMP-9阳性表达率均明显高于HP感染阴性患者(P0.05)。Pearson相关分析显示,胃癌患者HP感染与cyclinD1、MMP-9表达均呈正相关(P0.05)。结论:胃癌患者的HP感染情况与淋巴结转移、浸润深度有关,cyclinD1和MMP-9的表达与TNM临床分期、分化程度、淋巴结转移、浸润深度有关,且胃癌患者HP感染与cyclinD1、MMP-9表达均呈正相关。     

ACEI及无创呼吸机辅助治疗心衰合并OSAHS的疗效及对血清BNP水平的影响

目的:探讨血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂(Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor,ACEI)联合无创呼吸机辅助治疗心衰合并阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome,OSAHS)疗效及对血清脑钠素(Brain natriuretic peptide,BNP)水平的影响。方法:抽取我院自2013年1月到2019年4月收治的98例心衰合并OSAHS患者,根据治疗方法分为对照组(49例,ACEI常规治疗)与实验组(49例,ACEI联合无创呼吸机辅助治疗),比较两组患者治疗前后红细胞生成素(Erythropoietin,EPO)、血红蛋白(hemoglobin,Hb)、红细胞计数(red blood cell,RBC)、平均红细胞蛋白含量(Mean corpuscular protein content,MCH)、血细胞比容(Hematocrit,HCT)、平均红细胞体积(Mean red blood cell volume,MCV)、夜间平均最低血氧合度(Lowest oxygen saturation,LSaO2)、睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数(apnea hypopnea index,AHI)、血清脑钠素(Brain natriuretic peptide,BNP)水平、中心收缩压(systolic pressure,SP)及中心舒张压(diastolic pressure,DP)的变化。结果:治疗后,两组患者EPO、Hb、RBC、MCH、HCT、MCV水平均明显低于治疗前,且实验组患者的以上指标水平均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组治疗后LSaO2高于明显高于治疗前,AHI水平低于治疗前,且实验组LSaO2高于对照组,AHI水平低于对照组(均P<0.05)。治疗后两组患者BNP、SP和DP明显低于治疗前(P<0.05),且实验组患者的以上指标水平低于对照组(P<0.05)。实验组患者的术后并发症发生率明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:ACEI及无创呼吸机辅助治疗心衰合并OSAHS可改善患者的睡眠紊乱、睡眠呼吸障碍、心衰及高血压,具有临床推广应用的价值。     

Ethinylestradiol and its effects on the macrophages in the prostate of adult and senile gerbils

Prenatal and neonatal exposure to estrogenic compounds, such as ethinylestradiol (EE), promotes a variety of developmental disorders, including malformations and alterations in the morphology of glands, such as the prostate gland. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the morphological effects of neonatal exposure to EE on prostatic tissue and on the identification and quantification of gerbil gland macrophages in adult and senile Mongolian gerbils. The animals were exposed to EE (10 μg/kg/day) and to the vehicle, mineral oil (100 μL) (control group) during the first 10 days of postnatal life (lactation period). Adult gerbils were euthanized at 120 days and senile gerbils at 12 months of age. Our findings permitted verification of the presence of areas with proliferative foci in the prostate glandular portions in the adult and senile animals exposed to EE. There was also an increase in macrophages in the prostate tissue of adult and senile gerbils; these cell types alter the stromal microenvironment and possibly modify the interactions between the epithelium and stroma. Neonatal exposure to EE changes the pattern of prostatic development, leading to alterations in the arrangement of cells, including macrophages, and may be related to the onset of proliferative disorders in the prostate of adult gerbils and during aging.     

Liana abundance and diversity increase with rainfall seasonality along a precipitation gradient in Panama

In tropical regions, rainfall gradients often explain the abundance and distribution of plant species. For example, many tree and liana species adapted to seasonal drought are more abundant and diverse in seasonally-dry forests, characterized by long periods of seasonal water deficit. Mean annual precipitation (MAP) is commonly used to explain plant distributions across climate gradients. However, the relationship between MAP and plant distribution is often weak, raising the question of whether other seasonal precipitation patterns better explain plant distributions in seasonally-dry forests. In this study, we examine the relationship between liana abundance and multiple metrics of seasonal and annual rainfall distribution to test the hypothesis that liana density and diversity increase with increasing seasonal drought along a rainfall gradient across the isthmus of Panama. We found that a normalized seasonality index, which combines MAP and the variability of monthly rainfall throughout the year, was a significant predictor of both liana density and species richness, whereas MAP, rainfall seasonality and the mean dry season precipitation (MDP) were far weaker predictors. The strong response of lianas to the normalized seasonality index indicates that, in addition to the total annual amount of rainfall, how rainfall is distributed throughout the year is an important determinant of the hydrological conditions that favor liana proliferation. Our findings imply that changes in annual rainfall and rainfall seasonality will determine the future distribution and abundance of lianas. Models that aim to predict future plant diversity, distribution, and abundance may need to move beyond MAP to a more detailed understanding of rainfall variability at sub-annual timescales.     

Historical demography and climate driven distributional changes in a widespread Neotropical freshwater species with high economic importance

The Neotropical region exhibits the greatest worldwide diversity and the diversification history of several clades is related to the puzzling geomorphologic and climatic history of this region. The freshwater Amazon ecoregion contains the main hydrographic basins of the Neotropical region that are highly dendritic and ecologically diverse. It contains a rich and endemic fish fauna, including one of its most iconic and economically important representatives, the bony-tongue Arapaima gigas (Teleostei, Osteoglossiformes). Here, we evaluated the projected distribution of the genus in different historical periods (Present, Last Glacial Maximum, Last Interglacial Maximum and Near Future) and interpreted these results in light of the genomic diversity and modeled historical demography. For that, we combined species distribution models, population genetic analysis using SNPs and deep learning model selection. We analyzed a representative sample of the genus from the two basins where it naturally occurs, four localities in the Amazon (Am) and three in the Tocantins-Araguaia (To-Ar) basin, as well as individuals from three fish farms. We inferred a potentially smaller distribution in the glacial period, with a possible refuge in central Am. Our genetic data agrees with this result, suggesting a higher level of genetic diversity in the Am basin, compared to that observed in To-Ar. Our deep learning model comparison indicated that the To-Ar basin was colonized by the population from the Am basin. Considering a global warming scenario in the near future, A. gigas could reach an even larger range, especially if anthropogenic related dispersal occurs, potentially invading new areas and impacting their communities.     

右归丸对大鼠膝骨关节炎的干预作用及其机制*

目的: 探讨右归丸对膝骨关节炎(KOA)模型鼠关节软骨组织骨诱导因子(OGN)、骨黏连蛋白(ON)和纤维蛋白原2(FBN2)的影响。方法: 将大鼠随机分为假手术组,模型组,硫酸氨基葡萄糖组(硫酸氨基葡萄糖),右归丸(高、中、低剂量)组,每组10只。采用改良Hulth法制备大鼠KOA模型,假手术组和模型组给予等体积生理盐水灌胃,右归丸高、中、低剂量组分别灌胃给予右归丸4.8,2.4,1.2 g/kg,硫酸氨基葡萄糖组灌胃给予硫酸氨基葡萄糖 0.17 g/kg,连续给药8周。干预结束24 h后取鼠膝关节软骨,采用HE染色法观察各组软骨的病理改变,并进行Mankin评分;免疫组化法检测各组关节软骨组织中OGN、ON和FBN2的表达;Western blot法检测各组关节软骨组中糖原合成酶激酶-3β(GSK-3β)的表达。结果: 与假手术组比较,模型组大鼠软骨组织Makin 评分显著升高,软骨组织FBN2蛋白表达水平上显著增加,OGN、ON和GSK-3β蛋白表达水平上的显著降低(P＜0.01);模型组关节软骨边缘严重破坏,软骨细胞排列紊乱。与模型组比较,右归丸高剂量干预组大鼠软骨组织Makin 评分和FBN2蛋白表达水平显著降低,GSK-3β蛋白表达水平上显著增加,且右归丸中、高剂量组OGN、ON蛋白表达水平均显著增加(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),软骨结构趋于正常,软骨细胞分布仅偶见不均,关节软骨表面欠光滑。结论: 右归丸能够延缓关节软骨退变,其可能机制是通过提高骨诱导因子和骨粘连蛋白的表达水平来促进关节软骨的骨化和重构。     

盐胁迫下菊芋根系脱落酸对钠离子转运和光系统Ⅱ的影响

通过根系施加脱落酸(ABA)合成抑制剂钨酸钠,研究盐胁迫(150 mmol·L^-1 NaCl)下菊芋根系ABA信号对根系Na⁺转运、叶片Na⁺积累和光系统Ⅱ(PSⅡ)的影响。结果表明:钨酸钠抑制盐胁迫下根系ABA合成,降低根系Na⁺外排,提高根系Na⁺向叶片的转运系数。盐胁迫增加叶片Na⁺含量,没有影响叶片膜脂过氧化、PSⅡ反应中心蛋白合成和PSⅡ最大光化学效率(F_v/F_m)。根系ABA合成受抑制,显著增加盐胁迫下叶片Na⁺积累,加剧叶片膜脂过氧化,损伤PSⅡ反应中心蛋白,显著降低F_v/F_m,诱发PSⅡ光抑制。总之,盐胁迫下菊芋根系ABA信号诱导根系Na⁺外排,抑制Na⁺向地上部转运,有利于减少叶片Na⁺积累,防御PSⅡ氧化损伤。     

毛竹和雷竹地下系统结构及生物力学性质

利用植物稳定山体边坡是一种环保、经济、可持续的生物工程措施,符合生态文明建设新理念。以亚热带典型散生竹种毛竹和雷竹地下系统结构为研究对象,描述毛竹和雷竹根系在土壤中的空间分布状况,探究影响毛竹和雷竹地下系统生物力学性质的因素。结果表明:随着土层的深入,3个径级的毛竹和雷竹根系长度和体积所占比重均表现出逐渐减少的趋势,0—40 cm土层中集中了80%以上的根系。毛竹和雷竹径级D≤1 mm根系占全部根系长度的比重均为最大,大小依次为雷竹鞭根(83.62%)雷竹竹根(80.46%)毛竹鞭根(75.70%)毛竹竹根(70.45%),毛竹径级D≥2mm根系体积所占比重最大,分别为竹根78.73%和鞭根70.23%,雷竹径级D≥2mm(43.60%)和D=1—2mm(39.76%)竹根体积比例相当,径级D=1—2mm鞭根体积为最大(50.78%);毛竹和雷竹不同生长阶段竹鞭抗拉强度和弹性模量之间均存在显著差异,中龄竹鞭抗拉强度显著高于幼龄和老龄,而中龄竹鞭的弹性模量显著低于幼龄和老龄,说明生长阶段是影响竹鞭抗拉强度和弹性模量的因素;饱和含水率条件下,毛竹和雷竹根系抗拉强度与直径呈负幂函数关系,12%含水率条件下,毛竹鞭根和雷竹竹根抗拉强度和直径仍然呈负幂函数关系,毛竹竹根和雷竹鞭根抗拉强度和直径关系不显著。毛竹和雷竹地下系统抗剪切强度与干物质量均呈幂函数关系,毛竹抗剪切强度增加趋势高于雷竹。