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101.
Judith van Holten Kris Reedquist Pascale Sattonet-Roche Tom JM Smeets Christine Plater-Zyberk Margriet J Vervoordeldonk Paul P Tak 《Arthritis research & therapy》2004,6(3):R239
We investigated the therapeutic potential and mechanism of action of IFN-β protein for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis
(RA). Collagen-induced arthritis was induced in DBA/1 mice. At the first clinical sign of disease, mice were given daily injections
of recombinant mouse IFN-β or saline for 7 days. Disease progression was monitored by visual clinical scoring and measurement
of paw swelling. Inflammation and joint destruction were assessed histologically 8 days after the onset of arthritis. Proteoglycan
depletion was determined by safranin O staining. Expression of cytokines, receptor activator of NF-κB ligand, and c-Fos was
evaluated immunohistochemically. The IL-1-induced expression of IL-6, IL-8, and granulocyte/macrophage-colony-stimulating
factor (GM-CSF) was studied by ELISA in supernatant of RA and osteoarthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes incubated with IFN-β.
We also examined the effect of IFN-β on NF-κB activity. IFN-β, at 0.25 μg/injection and higher, significantly reduced disease
severity in two experiments, each using 8–10 mice per treatment group. IFN-β-treated animals displayed significantly less
cartilage and bone destruction than controls, paralleled by a decreased number of positive cells of two gene products required
for osteoclastogenesis, receptor activator of NF-κB ligand and c-Fos. Tumor necrosis factor α and IL-6 expression were significantly
reduced, while IL-10 production was increased after IFN-β treatment. IFN-β reduced expression of IL-6, IL-8, and GM-CSF in
RA and osteoarthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes, correlating with reduced NF-κB activity. The data support the view that
IFN-β is a potential therapy for RA that might help to diminish both joint inflammation and destruction by cytokine modulation. 相似文献
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103.
Guinée Jeroen B. Koning Arjan de Pennington David W. Rosenbaum Ralph Hauschild Michael Olsen Stig I. Molander Sverker Bachmann Till M. Pant Rana 《The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment》2004,9(5):320-326
Goal, Scope and Background The EU 5th framework project OMNIITOX will develop models calculating characterisation factors for assessing the potential toxic impacts
of chemicals within the framework of LCA. These models will become accessible through a web-based information system. The
key objective of the OMNIITOX project is to increase the coverage of substances by such models. In order to reach this objective,
simpler models which need less but available data, will have to be developed while maintaining scientific quality. Methods.
Experience within the OMNIITOX project has taught that data availability and quality are crucial issues for calculating characterisation
factors. Data availability determines whether calculating characterisation factors is possible at all, whereas data quality
determines to what extent the resulting characterisation factors are reliable. Today, there is insufficient knowledge and/or
resources to have high data availability as well as high data quality and high model quality at the same time.
Results The OMNIITOX project is developing two inter-related models in order to be able to provide LCA impact assessment characterisation
factors for toxic releases for as broad a range of chemicals as possible: 1) A base model representing a state-of-the-art
multimedia model and 2) a simple model derived from the base model using statistical tools. Discussion. A preliminary decision
tree for using the OMNIITOX information system (IS) is presented. The decision tree aims to illustrate how the OMNIITOX IS
can assist an LCA practitioner in finding or deriving characterisation factors for use in life cycle impact assessment of
toxic releases.
Conclusions and Outlook Data availability and quality are crucial issues when calculating characterisation factors for the toxicity impact categories.
The OMNIITOX project is developing a tiered model approach for this. It is foreseen that a first version of the base model
will be ready in late summer of 2004, whereas a first version of the simple base model is expected a few months later. 相似文献
104.
105.
The anti-PM/Scl autoantibodies are known to characterize a subset of autoimmune patients with myositis, scleroderma (Scl), and the PM/Scl overlap syndrome. The major autoantigens that are recognized by anti-PM/Scl autoantibodies are designated PM/Scl-100 and PM/Scl-75. These autoantigens have been reported to associate into a large complex consisting of 11 to 16 proteins and to play a role in ribosome synthesis. Recently, it was discovered that the PM/Scl complex is the human counterpart of the yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) exosome, which is an RNA-processing complex consisting of 11 3' → 5' exoribonucleases. To date, 10 human exosome components have been identified, although only some of these were studied in more detail. In this review, we discuss some recent advances in the characterization of the PM/Scl complex. 相似文献
106.
Kristin Helle Michael Pennington Bjarte Bogstad Geir Ottersen 《Environmental Biology of Fishes》2002,65(3):341-348
A high growth rate for Arcto-Norwegian cod, Gadus morhua, in the Barents Sea and adjacent areas from the larva period to the 0-group enhances survival and ultimately recruitment to the fishery. However, it appeared that high growth rates for a cohort through the 0-group were not continued as the cohort ages. Based on survey data, there was a significant negative correlation between the average length at the 0-group and its average length at ages 2 through 8. We provided evidence suggesting that this phenomenon was caused by the inter-annual variability in inflow of warm, prey-rich Atlantic water into the Barents Sea from the Norwegian Sea. Enhanced inflow provided favorable conditions for cod growth during the larva and juvenile pelagic intervals. However, this same strong inflow carried a proportion of the cohort farther to the east in the Barents Sea, where the bottom water is colder than in the west. The colder conditions experienced by such cohorts, as compared to cohorts that have a more westerly settlement, led to slower growth prior to age 2. Slow growth during this interval appeared to be the reason for these cohorts' relatively smaller mean length at older ages. 相似文献
107.
108.
109.
K J Purdie J Pennington C M Proby S Khalaf E M de Villiers I M Leigh A Storey 《The EMBO journal》1999,18(19):5359-5369
An aetiological role has been proposed for human papillomavirus (HPV) in skin carcinogenesis within the immunosuppressed patient population. To examine this possibility, we have focused on an HPV type that, to date, has been identified only in the cutaneous lesions of renal transplant recipients despite a high degree of sequence homology with other HPVs commonly found in warts in the general population. We report that the non-coding region of this virus, HPV type 77, contains a consensus binding site for the tumour suppressor protein p53, and we show by gel-retardation analysis that this sequence does indeed bind p53. Furthermore, using reporter gene assays, we demonstrate that HPV77 promoter activity is stimulated by UV radiation and that this response is mediated through the p53 binding site. This is the first report of a p53-dependent positive response element within a viral genome. Our results suggest a possible novel mechanism by which specific types of HPV might act as cofactors with UV radiation in cutaneous transformation. 相似文献
110.
The vacuum flask method of using boiling water to decontaminate soft contact lenses is better and less expensive than other ways of using moist heat and can be safely and effectively applied under most domestic circumstances. 相似文献