Analysis of NVMe over fabrics with SCinet DTN-as-a-Service

Supporting transfers of science big data over Wide Area Networks (WANs) with Data Transfer Nodes (DTNs) requires optimizing multiple parameters within the underlying infrastructure. New solutions for such data movement require new paradigms and technologies, such as NVMe over Fabrics, which provides high-performance data movement with direct remote NVMe device access over traditional fabrics. However, recent NVMe over Fabrics studies have been limited to local storage fabrics. To support increasing demands for the large volume of science data movement during Supercomputing (SC) conferences, we proposed a SCinet DTN-as-a-Service framework orchestrating the desired optimization to meet users, applications, and providers’ requirements. Furthermore, we extend the SCinet DTN-as-a-Service framework to incorporate new techniques, solve optimization issues in data-intensive science and evaluate NVMe over Fabrics with multiple WAN testbeds to examine its performance and discover new opportunities for optimization.

     

The Chinese species of skipper butterflies in the tribe Tagiadini Mabille, 1878 (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae): insights from phylogeny,hostplants, and biogeography

Organisms Diversity & Evolution - The butterfly tribe Tagiadini Mabille, 1878 is a large group of skippers. Although there are a few species which are limited in distribution to some countries...     

Interaction between caffeic acid phenethyl ester and protease: monitoring by spectroscopic and molecular docking approaches

The interaction of one anticancer drug (caffeic acid phenethyl ester; CAPE) with three proteases (trypsin, pepsin and α-chymotrypsin) has been investigated with multispectral methods and molecular docking. As an active components in propolis, the findings are of great benefit to metabolism, design, and structural modification of drugs. The results show that CAPE has an obvious ability to quench the trypsin, pepsin, or α-chymotrypsin fluorescence mainly through a static quenching procedure. Trypsin has the largest binding affinity to CAPE, and α-chymotrypsin has the smallest binding affinity to CAPE. The data obtained from thermodynamic parameters and molecular docking prove that the spontaneously interaction between CAPE and each protease is mainly due to a combination of van der Waals (vdW) force and hydrogen bond (H-bond), controlled by an enthalpy-driven process. The binding force, strength, position, and the number of H-bond are further obtained from the results of molecular docking. Through ultraviolet spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering and circular dichroism experiments, the change in the protease secondary structure induced by CAPE was observed. Additionally, the addition of protease had a positive effect on the antioxidative activity of CAPE, and α-chymotrypsin has the greatest effect on the removal of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radicals by CAPE.     

An integrated fluid–structure interaction and thrombosis model for type B aortic dissection

False lumen thrombosis (FLT) in type B aortic dissection has been associated with the progression of dissection and treatment outcome. Existing computational models mostly assume rigid wall behavior which ignores the effect of flap motion on flow and thrombus formation within the FL. In this study, we have combined a fully coupled fluid–structure interaction (FSI) approach with a shear-driven thrombosis model described by a series of convection–diffusion reaction equations. The integrated FSI-thrombosis model has been applied to an idealized dissection geometry to investigate the interaction between vessel wall motion and growing thrombus. Our simulation results show that wall compliance and flap motion can influence the progression of FLT. The main difference between the rigid and FSI models is the continuous development of vortices near the tears caused by drastic flap motion up to 4.45 mm. Flap-induced high shear stress and shear rates around tears help to transport activated platelets further to the neighboring region, thus speeding up thrombus formation during the accelerated phase in the FSI models. Reducing flap mobility by increasing the Young’s modulus of the flap slows down the thrombus growth. Compared to the rigid model, the predicted thrombus volume is 25% larger using the FSI-thrombosis model with a relatively mobile flap. Furthermore, our FSI-thrombosis model can capture the gradual effect of thrombus growth on the flow field, leading to flow obstruction in the FL, increased blood viscosity and reduced flap motion. This model is a step closer toward simulating realistic thrombus growth in aortic dissection, by taking into account the effect of intimal flap and vessel wall motion.

     

四川贡嘎山国家级自然保护区鸟兽多样性

四川贡嘎山国家级自然保护区位于全球生物多样性热点地区之一的横断山区, 是我国生物多样性保护优先区。本文利用红外相机影像和已发表文献对该保护区的大中型兽类和地面活动鸟类进行编目并提出未来监测建议。2011-2018年在97个1 km × 1 km的网格安放红外相机, 累计39,881个相机日, 获得独立有效照片20,932张, 其中野生兽类16,244张, 鸟类2,775张, 牲畜1,737张, 人176张。鉴定出野生兽类30种, 另有文献报道4种和观察3种, 分属于5目15科; 鸟类78种, 分属于9目22科; 牲畜6种。包括12种国家I级和28种国家II级重点保护野生动物; 被CITES附录I收录的有11种, 附录II收录的有12种。被IUCN红色名录评估为濒危(EN)和易危(VU)等级的分别有3种和8种。被《中国脊椎动物红色名录》评估为极危(CR)、濒危和易危等级的分别有5、5和11种。相对多度指数(relative abundance index, RAI)排名前三的兽类是毛冠鹿(Elaphodus cephalophus, 147.39)、水鹿(Rusa unicolor, 66.10)、野猪(Sus scrofa, 36.03); 鸟类是血雉(Ithaginis cruentus, 14.64)、白马鸡(Crossoptilon crossoptilon, 10.43)、大噪鹛(Garrulax maximus, 8.05)。阔叶林、针阔混交林、高山灌丛草甸和高山流石滩是调查薄弱生境, 后期应开展重点调查, 以厘清本区域大中型兽类资源。     

昆虫多样性三十年研究进展

当前, 全球昆虫数量和多样性均处于下降趋势, 而导致这一趋势的原因主要包括人为干扰及气候变化。本文基于森林、草地、农业、水生和土壤生态系统, 以植食性、访花、捕食性、寄生性、食果以及食腐昆虫为重点功能昆虫群, 综述了近三十年来国内外昆虫多样性研究领域的主要进展, 并分析了发展趋势。近年来, 昆虫多样性的研究维度不断拓展, 形态多样性研究不断深入, 系统发生多样性、功能多样性和遗传多样性等研究也显著加强。此外, 昆虫多样性研究的空间尺度也逐步扩大, 大尺度区域性研究甚至全球范围的调查持续增长。昆虫进化历史也被引入多样性格局研究中, 并随着系统发生信息学方法的普及而被整合到生态系统建成和生物多样性形成机制研究中。未来需要加强关键昆虫类群整合分类学研究、功能性状多样性、林冠昆虫多样性、互作网络结构等方向的研究。     

近几十年来冀西北山地白桦次生林径向生长对气候变化的响应

研究不同海拔高度天然次生林径向生长特征及其对气候变化的响应, 揭示影响山地树木径向生长的主要因子, 对于研究气候变化对温带森林生态系统适应性生长、演替和可持续经营的影响具有重要意义。该研究以冀西北山地次生林优势树种白桦(Betula platyphylla)为对象, 于研究区海拔1 350、1 550、1 750、1 950 m处分别设置样地, 采集样木树芯和圆盘, 运用树木年轮气候学方法建立白桦天然次生林标准年表, 并将年轮宽度指数与气候因子进行相关、多元逐步回归分析。主要结果: (1) 1960-2018年研究区气候呈变暖变干趋势, 其中1960-1989年为平稳期, 1989-2018年为快速期。(2)白桦次生林径向生长在1989年发生改变, 年轮宽度指数呈现“增长-下降”的“Λ”形生长趋势。(3)在气候变化平稳期, 白桦次生林径向生长在低海拔样地(B1350、B1550)与气温(平均气温、最高气温、最低气温)呈正相关关系, 在高海拔样地(B1750、B1950)与上年和当年生长季降水量呈显著正相关关系; 在气候变化快速期, 低海拔样地(B1350、B1550)白桦次生林径向生长与生长季气温、生长季潜在蒸散发(ET₀)呈负相关关系, 高海拔样地(B1750、B1950)白桦次生林径向生长与生长季及生长季末期ET₀呈负相关关系。 (4)在气候变化平稳期, 温度对B1350、B1550、B1750样地白桦次生林径向生长的贡献率分别为76%、54%、51%, 水分的贡献率为24%、46%、49%; 在气候变化快速期, 温度对B1350、B1550、B1750样地树木径向生长的贡献率分别为58%、41%、38%, 水分的贡献率为42%、59%、62%; 高海拔B1950样地树木生长始终受水分因子的控制。