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排序方式: 共有163条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
71.
Background
Interferon-α in combination with ribavirin is the current gold standard for treatment of chronic hepatitis C. It is unknown if the development of autoimmune thyroid disease (TD) during treatment confers an improved chance of achieving sustained virologic response. The aim of this study is to assess the chance of achieving sustained virologic response (SVR) in patients who developed TD during treatment when compared with those who did not.Methods
We performed a tertiary hospital-based retrospective nested case-control analysis of 19 patients treated for hepatitis C who developed thyroid disease, and 76 controls (matched for age, weight, gender, cirrhosis and aminotransferase levels) who did not develop TD during treatment. Multivariate logistic-regression models were used to compare cases and controls.Results
The development of TD was associated with a high likelihood of achieving SVR (odds ratio, 6.0; 95% confidence interval, 1.5 to 24.6) for the pooled group containing all genotypes. The likelihood of achieving SVR was increased in individuals with genotype 1 HCV infection who developed TD (odds ratio, 5.2; 95% confidence interval, 1.2 to 22.3), and all genotype 3 patients who developed TD achieved SVR.Conclusions
Development of TD during treatment for hepatitis C infection is associated with a significantly increased chance of achieving SVR. The pathophysiogical mechanisms for this observation remain to be determined.Trial Registration
The Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR): ACTRB12610000830099 相似文献72.
Mäkinen VP Tynkkynen T Soininen P Forsblom C Peltola T Kangas AJ Groop PH Ala-Korpela M 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2012,8(3):369-375
Diabetic kidney disease, diagnosed by urinary albumin excretion rate (AER), is a critical symptom of chronic vascular injury in diabetes, and is associated with dyslipidemia and increased mortality. We investigated serum lipids in 326 subjects with type 1 diabetes: 56% of patients had normal AER, 17% had microalbuminuria (20?≤?AER?200?μg/min or 30?≤?AER?300?mg/24?h) and 26% had overt kidney disease (macroalbuminuria AER?≥?200?μg/min or AER?≥?300?mg/24?h). Lipoprotein subclass lipids and low-molecular-weight metabolites were quantified from native serum, and individual lipid species from the lipid extract of the native sample, using a proton NMR metabonomics platform. Sphingomyelin (odds ratio 2.53, P?10(-7)), large VLDL cholesterol (odds ratio 2.36, P?10(-10)), total triglycerides (odds ratio 1.88, P?10(-6)), omega-9 and saturated fatty acids (odds ratio 1.82, P?10(-5)), glucose disposal rate (odds ratio 0.44, P?10(-9)), large HDL cholesterol (odds ratio 0.39, P?10(-9)) and glomerular filtration rate (odds ratio 0.19, P?10(-10)) were associated with kidney disease. No associations were found for polyunsaturated fatty acids or phospholipids. Sphingomyelin was a significant regressor of urinary albumin (P?0.0001) in multivariate analysis with kidney function, glycemic control, body mass, blood pressure, triglycerides and HDL cholesterol. Kidney injury, sphingolipids and excess fatty acids have been linked in animal models-our exploratory approach provides independent support for this relationship in human patients with diabetes. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11306-011-0343-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
73.
WalterDuartedeAraujo Filho Fábio Kurt Schneider Rigoberto EM Morales 《Biomedical engineering online》2012,11(1):1-14
Background
In recent years magnesium alloys have been intensively investigated as potential resorbable materials with appropriate mechanical and corrosion properties. Particularly in orthopedic research magnesium is interesting because of its mechanical properties close to those of natural bone, the prevention of both stress shielding and removal of the implant after surgery.Methods
ZEK100 plates were examined in this in vitro study with Hank's Balanced Salt Solution under physiological conditions with a constant laminar flow rate. After 14, 28 and 42 days of immersion the ZEK100 plates were mechanically tested via four point bending test. The surfaces of the immersed specimens were characterized by SEM, EDX and XRD.Results
The four point bending test displayed an increased bending strength after 6 weeks immersion compared to the 2 week group and 4 week group. The characterization of the surface revealed the presence of high amounts of O, P and Ca on the surface and small Mg content. This indicates the precipitation of calcium phosphates with low solubility on the surface of the ZEK100 plates.Conclusions
The results of the present in vitro study indicate that ZEK100 is a potential candidate for degradable orthopedic implants. Further investigations are needed to examine the degradation behavior. 相似文献74.
YK Onno Teng Gillian Wheater Vanessa E Hogan Philip Stocks EW Nivine Levarht Tom WJ Huizinga Rene EM Toes Jacob M van Laar 《Arthritis research & therapy》2012,14(2):R57
Introduction
B-cell depletion has become a common treatment strategy in anti-TNF-refractory rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Although the exact mechanism of how B-cell depletion leads to clinical amelioration in RA remains to be elucidated, repetitive treatment with B-cell-depleting agents leading to long-term B-cell depletion has been reported to be beneficial. The latter has led to the hypothesis that the beneficial effects of B-cell depletion might act through their influence on pathogenic autoreactive plasma cells.Methods
In this study, we investigated the effects of a fixed retreatment regimen with anti-CD20 mAbs on the humoral (auto)immune system in a cohort of therapy-refractory RA patients.Results
Fixed retreatment led to long-term B-cell depletion in peripheral blood, bone marrow and, to a lesser extent, synovium. Also, pathologic autoantibody secretion (that is, anticitrullinated peptide antibodies (ACPAs)) was more profoundly affected by long-term depletion than by physiological protective antibody secretion (that is, against measles, mumps and rubella). This was further illustrated by a significantly shorter estimated life span of ACPA-IgG secretion compared to total IgG secretion as well as protective antibody secretion.Conclusion
By studying plasma cell function during an extensive 2-year period of B-cell depletion, autoantibody secretion was significantly shorter-lived than physiologically protective antibody secretion. This suggests that the longevity of autoreactive plasma cells is different from protective long-lived plasma cells and might indicate a therapeutic window for therapies that target plasma cells. 相似文献75.
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The use of microbial inoculum and a hydrocarbon adsorbent as a soil amendment was examined to improve bioremediation efficacy of soil contaminated by volatile hydrocarbons. Biodegradation and volatilization losses of VOCs were assessed under contained composting in the laboratory and technical scales. Rhodococcus opacus GM-14, a degrader of a multitude of different hydrocarbons was used as an inoculum and activated carbon as a VOC adsorbent on a laboratory scale. Inoculating soil with R. opacus (0.02 mg R. opacus biomass per 1 mg of benzene) reduced volatilization of benzene from 80% to 40%. Amending the soil with activated carbon reduced volatilization of benzene to 15% and further to 4% when used together with R. opacus. Both amendments promoted mineralization when used separately but slowed down the mineralization when combined. Activated carbon improved the biodegradation of VOCs also during technical scale compostings (700-1100 kg of soil with 1.6-2.4 kg of VOC) from 30-40% to 86% and reduced volatilization from 40-50% to 2-5%. Reduction of VOC volatilization by use of the activated carbon improved the efficiency of VOC biodegradation on a technical scale. The activated carbon addition improves the occupational safety at the contaminated site and during transport. 相似文献
79.
80.
Trends in major and trace elements in decomposing needle litters during a long-term experiment in Swedish forests 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Christian B. Brun Mats E. Åström Pasi Peltola Maj-Britt Johansson 《Plant and Soil》2008,306(1-2):199-210
The dynamics of 47 major and trace elements were examined during a long-term (up to 8 years between 1979 and 1988) litter
decomposition experiment in European boreal and nemoboreal forests (Sweden). Litterbags were incubated in 11 monocultural
stands at 10 different locations including seven with Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.) and four with Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.). Principal component analysis and manual scatter plots revealed groups of elements behaving in a similar manner. One
group consisted mainly of nutrients, but also of the unessential or toxic elements Rb, Sc, Sr and Tl, and had a general trend
with decreasing mass-normalised (mn) concentrations during decomposition. Another group contained mostly unessential and potentially
toxic elements, whose concentrations generally increased during the decay process. An exception from this increasing trend
was found for Cd, Hf, Hg, Ta and Zr, for which the mn-concentrations increased initially followed by a net leaching from the
litter. The influence of sea spray was identified in the early stages of the experiment (in particular for Na), and the impact
of the anthropogenic component of atmospheric deposition was clearly visible (e.g. Pb, Cd, Hg). A regional northern Sb source
is indicated in the pine, but not in the spruce, needles. The fact that the samples were collected at a time of higher atmospheric
metal deposition than at present provides additional information and usefulness of the results. 相似文献