ELV对青春期大鼠睾丸中VEGF与VEGFR2蛋白表达的影响

目的研究血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)及其受体2(VEGFR2)在实验性左侧精索静脉曲张大鼠睾丸中的表达和定位,探讨精索静脉曲张中VEGF和VEGFR2的可能作用。方法通过部分结扎左肾静脉建立大鼠实验性左侧精索静脉曲张模型,于术后2周和4周取材,采用免疫组化法检测VEGF、VEGFR2在睾丸上的表达变化。结果 ELV2周与4周组大鼠两侧睾丸中VEGF蛋白表达均上调,但ELV组间VEGF蛋白表达没有明显变化;ELV2周组大鼠睾丸中VEGFR2蛋白的表达与对照组比较增强,而4周组比对照组和2周组均显著增强。结论实验性左侧精索静脉曲张对VEGF、VEGFR2蛋白的表达有影响,说明它们与男性不育可能有一定的关系。     

雪莲PBP基因表达载体的构建

目的:利用新疆雪莲特殊功能基因磷脂酰乙醇胺结合蛋白基因(XLPBP)与基础质粒构建植物表达载体pXLPBP,为介导该基因在植物中表达,以期提高植物抗寒力的转基因研究打下基础。方法:利用设计好的两端加有EcoRⅠ酶切位点的引物,对XLPBP全长基因片段进行PCR扩增,获得700bp左右大小的片段,将其纯化回收并与同样经过EcoRⅠ酶切的质粒pCAMBIA3301连接;然后采用冻融法和电击法,将含XLPBP基因的载体pCAMBIA3301转入根癌农杆菌中。结果:通过一系列分子克隆方法获得含雪莲XLPBP基因的植物表达载体,并经PCR实验证实。结论:利用以自身携带的非编码区为调控序列的XLPBP全长基因和双向表达载体pCAMBIA3301为基础构建植物表达载体,可望提高外源基因表达量。     

绵羊GDF9和BMP15基因多态性检测

以绵羊GDF9基因FecG^H突变和BMP15基因FecX^B和FecX^G突变为候选基因,采用PCR—RFLP方法研究其在湖羊、夏洛来、陶赛特、萨福克、中国美利奴肉用多胎品系、中国美利奴羊和罗米丽羊7个品种中的多态性．结果发现,湖羊群体中存在GDF和BMP15基因的FecG^H和FecX^B突变,但发生率极低,分别为0．645％(2／310)和0．968％(3／310)：而其它品种中则没有发现GDF9和BMP15基因的相应突变．这一发现对于建立绵羊基因标记辅助选择方法具有重要意义．     

正常小鼠高频心电图时域值和功率谱的研究

本文用南京新博公司生产的ＮＨＥ－１０００型心电高频信息检测分析仪研究了正常小鼠（昆明种）高频心电图（ＨＦ－ＥＣＧ）的时域值和ＱＲＳ波群的功率谱。主要结果如下（以正导为例,－Ｘ±ＳＤ）：心率６０３±８８次／ｍｉｎ（ｎ＝７４）;Ｐ－Ｒ间期相对较长。为３４．９±４．７ｍｓ（ｎ＝５８）,占心动周期的３４．９±４．９％,这与人类有很大的不同;ＱＲＳ波宽９．２±１．２ｍｓ,占心动周期的９．２±１．４％（ｎ＝７４）,这一结果与以前的文献报道相差较大。Ｔ波宽１０．３±３．２ｍｓ,占心动周期的１０．３±３．２％;Ｑ－Ｔ间期１９．４±３．２ｍｓ,占心动周期的１９．５±３．６％;ＱＲＳ波群峰－峰值（Ｖｐ－ｐ）为１．４５６±０．４８０ｍＶ;Ｔ波高０．３３６±０．１１５ｍＶ;７３只动物Ⅱ导联高频切迹总数只有３个,扭挫２６个。Ⅱ导联ＱＲＳ波群的功率谱特点：０—８０Ｈｚ的相对能量为４５．４８±１５．３２％;８０—２００Ｈｚ为４３．９７±９．９５％;２００—３００Ｈｚ为８．８９±７．３８％;３００—１０００Ｈｚ为１．６６±２．７４％。     

Topology and transport of membrane lipids in bacteria

The last two decades have witnessed a break-through in identifying and understanding the functions of both the proteins and lipids of bacterial membranes. This development was parallelled by increasing insights into the biogenesis, topology, transport and sorting of membrane proteins. However, progress in research on the membrane distribution and transport of lipids in bacteria has been slow in that period. The development of novel biochemical in vitro approaches and recent genetic studies have increased our understanding of these subjects. The aim of this review is to present an overview of the current knowledge of the distribution and transport of lipids in both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Special attention is paid to recently obtained results, which are expected to inspire further research to finally unravel these poorly understood phenomena.     

藏酋猴外周血细胞及血清生化指标测定与分析

目的 通过对原代藏酋猴进行外周血细胞及血液生化指标测定,了解不同年龄段藏酋猴的生理指标差异.方法 在清醒状态下采集30只藏酋猴后肢静脉血,检测血液学和血液生化指标.结果 与同属灵长类动物检测结果比较,具有较高的一致性,但也存在种属特点.结论 藏酋猴随着体重和年龄增大,血糖有增高的趋势.     

VEGF、VEGFR2在青春期大鼠睾丸、附睾及附睾精子上的表达

目的通过对血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)及其受体VEGFR2在青春期大鼠睾丸及附睾表达的研究,探讨其在雄性生殖器官中的作用。方法采用免疫组化法检测VEGF、VEGFR2在SD大鼠睾丸和附睾的表达定位,用免疫荧光法检测它们在大鼠附睾精子上的表达定位。结果VEGF及VEGFR2在青春期大鼠睾丸和附睾组织中均有表达。在睾丸中,VEGF主要表达于精原细胞胞质、精子细胞发育中的顶体、Sertoli细胞胞质及精子残余体内,Leydig细胞胞质也有阳性表达;VEGFR2主要表达于精子细胞发育中的顶体和间质细胞胞质。在附睾中,VEGF表达于附睾管上皮所有主细胞胞质内;而VEGFR2表达于附睾管头段和尾段上皮主细胞胞质内,体段免疫染色阴性。免疫荧光显示,VEGF与VEGFR2都与精子头部顶体、尾部颈段、中段和主段相结合,末段未见阳性荧光。结论VEGF及VEGFR2在大鼠的睾丸和附睾中均有表达,其表达定位具有细胞特异性和区域特异性,提示其可能在大鼠睾丸精子发生和附睾精子成熟中发挥重要作用。     

基于生物信息学分析从Streptomyces albofaciens JCM 4342中发现2,3-二羟基苯甲酸酯-L-丝氨酸脱水三聚体和二聚体天然产物

[背景] 铁是细菌生长的基本元素,而三价铁在自然水环境中几乎无法溶解。细菌已经进化出产生各种铁载体的能力,以促进铁的吸收。对于链霉菌,其特有的铁载体是去铁胺,同时它们也可以产生其他结构的铁载体,如ceolichelin、白霉素、肠杆菌素（enterobactin）和griseobactin。[目的] 揭示链霉菌中铁载体生物合成基因簇（Biosynthetic Gene Clusters,BGCs）的分布特点和基因簇特征,并探索其所合成铁载体的化合物结构。[方法] 利用生物信息学工具系统地分析308个具有全基因组序列信息的链霉菌中的铁载体生物合成基因簇,并用色谱和波谱方法分离和表征肠杆菌素相关天然产物。[结果] 发现Streptomyces albofaciens JCM 4342和其他少数菌株同时含有一个缺少2,3-二羟基苯甲酸（2,3-DHB）生物合成基因的孤立的肠杆菌素生物合成基因簇和另外一个推测可合成griseobactin的基因簇。从S.albofaciens JCM 4342发酵液中鉴定出4个肠杆菌素衍生的天然产物,包括链状2,3-二羟基苯甲酸酯-l-丝氨酸（2,3-DHBS）的三聚体和二聚体以及它们的脱水产物。[结论] 2个基因簇间存在一种特别的协同生物合成机制。推测是griseobactin基因簇负责合成2,3-DHB,而孤立的肠杆菌素基因簇编码的生物合成酶可夺取该底物,进而完成上述4种肠杆菌素衍生天然产物的生物合成。     

Differences in cellulose digestive systems among castes in two termite lineages

Abstract.  Termites (Isoptera) are eusocial insects and express polyphenism. Soldiers have specialized morphology for colony defense, but their feeding activity is dependent on other colony members. To determine differences in cellulose degradation between soldier and worker termites, enzymatic activity and cellulase gene expression, as well digestive tract histology, are examined in two phylogenetically distant species. In Hodotermopsis sjostesti (family Termopsidae) , endo-β-1,4-glucanase activity is identified in the salivary glands, whereas β-glucosidase activity is identified in salivary glands and hindgut. The relative expression levels of endo-β-1,4-glucanase genes in soldiers are significantly lower than in workers. Thin sections of salivary gland of workers and soldiers are different in H. sjostedti . In Nasutitermes takasagoensis (family Termitidae), the endo-β-1,4-glucanase activity is restricted to the midgut in four tested castes (i.e. three types of workers and soldier). Examination of activity per termite reveals the highest activity in minor workers and the lowest activity in major workers and soldiers. The β-glucosidase activity is also concentrated on the midgut in all four castes. The relative expression level of the endo-β-1,4-glucanase gene does not correspond with its activity in the midgut. In thin sections prepared from N. takasagoensis , the folds and pulvillus in the gizzards, and cuticle structure of soldiers are less developed compared with the other three worker castes. The differences in digestive system among termite castes in terms of caste development in each species are discussed.