全文获取类型
收费全文 | 11794篇 |
免费 | 724篇 |
国内免费 | 5篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 121篇 |
2022年 | 249篇 |
2021年 | 402篇 |
2020年 | 328篇 |
2019年 | 393篇 |
2018年 | 477篇 |
2017年 | 406篇 |
2016年 | 570篇 |
2015年 | 698篇 |
2014年 | 786篇 |
2013年 | 872篇 |
2012年 | 936篇 |
2011年 | 870篇 |
2010年 | 521篇 |
2009年 | 472篇 |
2008年 | 554篇 |
2007年 | 538篇 |
2006年 | 474篇 |
2005年 | 438篇 |
2004年 | 392篇 |
2003年 | 324篇 |
2002年 | 310篇 |
2001年 | 160篇 |
2000年 | 139篇 |
1999年 | 115篇 |
1998年 | 67篇 |
1997年 | 41篇 |
1996年 | 47篇 |
1995年 | 51篇 |
1994年 | 40篇 |
1993年 | 23篇 |
1992年 | 54篇 |
1991年 | 60篇 |
1990年 | 33篇 |
1989年 | 47篇 |
1988年 | 42篇 |
1987年 | 40篇 |
1986年 | 42篇 |
1985年 | 28篇 |
1984年 | 29篇 |
1983年 | 30篇 |
1982年 | 21篇 |
1981年 | 19篇 |
1980年 | 17篇 |
1979年 | 24篇 |
1978年 | 19篇 |
1976年 | 16篇 |
1975年 | 17篇 |
1973年 | 20篇 |
1972年 | 19篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
991.
Cavalcanti-de-Albuquerque Joao Paulo de-Souza-Ferreira Eduardo de Carvalho Denise Pires Galina Antonio 《Neurochemical research》2022,47(2):470-480
Neurochemical Research - Glucose and oxygen (O2) are vital to the brain. Glucose metabolism and mitochondria play a pivotal role in this process, culminating in the increase of reactive O2 species.... 相似文献
992.
Piccinini Alexandre Oliveira Mariana Pacheco Silva Mariella Reinol Bett Gabriela Souza Becker Isabel Borges Mendes Talita Farias Salla Daniéle Hendler Silva Larissa Espindola Vilela Thais Ceresér Moraes Fernanda Mendes Moterle Diego Damiani Adriani Paganini Dagostin Lígia Salvan Tietbohl Lariani Tamires Bittencourt João Vitor Silvano Biehl Erica Denicol Tais Luise Bonfante Sandra Regina Andrade Vanessa Moraes Silveira Paulo Cesar Lock Prophiro Josiane Somariva Ferreira Gabriela Kozuchovski Petronilho Fabricia Kanis Luiz Alberto Rezin Gislaine Tezza 《Neurochemical research》2022,47(7):1888-1903
Neurochemical Research - This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Cynara cardunculus leaf ethanol extract on inflammatory and oxidative stress parameters in the hypothalamus, prefrontal cortex,... 相似文献
993.
Giora Julia Carolina Tolentino da Silva Amanda Wociechoski Cavalheiro Laísa Mariani Wingert Juliana Bernhardt Fialho Clarice 《Environmental Biology of Fishes》2022,105(5):605-622
Environmental Biology of Fishes - The ichthyofauna of a large lake located in one of the biggest urban centers in Southern South America was studied for 15 years. Variations in... 相似文献
994.
Functional diversification of the dehydrin gene family in apple and its contribution to cold acclimation during dormancy
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Physiologia plantarum》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Vítor da Silveira Falavigna Yohanna Evelyn Miotto Henrique Pessoa dos Santos Flávio Bello Fialho Márcia Margis‐Pinheiro Giancarlo Pasquali Luís Fernando Revers 《Physiologia plantarum》2015,155(3):315-329
Dehydrins (DHN) are proteins involved in plant adaptive responses to abiotic stresses, mainly dehydration. Several studies in perennial crops have linked bud dormancy progression, a process characterized by the inability to initiate growth from meristems under favorable conditions, with DHN gene expression. However, an in‐depth characterization of DHNs during bud dormancy progression is still missing. An extensive in silico characterization of the apple DHN gene family was performed. Additionally, we used five different experiments that generated samples with different dormancy status, including genotypes with contrasting dormancy traits, to analyze how DHN genes are being regulated during bud dormancy progression in apple by real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR). Duplication events took place in the diversification of apple DHN family. Additionally, MdDHN genes presented tissue‐ and bud dormant‐specific expression patterns. Our results indicate that MdDHN genes are highly divergent in function, with overlapping levels, and that their expressions are fine‐tuned by the environment during the dormancy process in apple. 相似文献
995.
Length‐weight relationships for 15 fish species from Atlantic rain forest streams,southeastern Brazil
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Zeitschrift fur angewandte Ichthyologie》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
M. R. da Costa T. Moreti W. Uehara H. K. dos Santos F. G. Araújo 《Zeitschrift fur angewandte Ichthyologie》2015,31(4):809-810
Length‐weight relationships were determined for 15 fish species from the tributary Atlantic rain forest steams that drain into Sepetiba Bay, southeastern Brazil. This is the first record of length‐weight relationships for 12 of these species and new maximum lengths for four species. These results will be useful for management and conservation of this area of the Atlantic rain forest drainages. 相似文献
996.
997.
Recognition and Response to Native and Novel Predators in the Largespring mosquitofish,Gambusia geiseri
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Ethology : formerly Zeitschrift fur Tierpsychologie》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Chelsea A. Blake Laura Alberici da Barbiano Jessica E. Guenther Caitlin R. Gabor 《Ethology : formerly Zeitschrift fur Tierpsychologie》2015,121(3):227-235
The introduction of predator species into new habitats is an increasingly common consequence of human activities, and the persistence of native prey species depends upon their response to these novel predators. In this study, we examined whether the Largespring mosquitofish, Gambusia geiseri exhibited antipredator behavior and/or an elevation of circulating stress hormones (cortisol) to visual and chemical cues from a native predator, a novel predator, or a non‐predatory control fish. Prey showed the most pronounced antipredator response to the native predator treatment, by moving away from the stimulus, while the prey showed no significant changes in their vertical or horizontal position in response to the novel or non‐predator treatments. We also found no significant difference in water‐borne cortisol release rates following any of the treatments. Our results suggest the prey did not recognize and exhibit antipredator behavior to the novel predator, and we infer that this predator species could be detrimental if it expands into the range of this prey species. Further, our study demonstrates prey may not respond to an invasive predator that is phylogenetically, behaviorally, and morphologically dissimilar from the prey species' native predators. 相似文献
998.
Eric?Roberto?Guimar?es?Rocha Aguiar Roenick Proveti Olmo Simona Paro Flavia Viana Ferreira Isaque?Jo?o?da?Silva de?Faria Yaovi?Mathias?Honore Todjro Francisco Pereira Lobo Erna Geessien Kroon Carine Meignin Derek Gatherer Jean-Luc Imler Jo?o Trindade Marques 《Nucleic acids research》2015,43(13):6191-6206
Virus surveillance in vector insects is potentially of great benefit to public health. Large-scale sequencing of small and long RNAs has previously been used to detect viruses, but without any formal comparison of different strategies. Furthermore, the identification of viral sequences largely depends on similarity searches against reference databases. Here, we developed a sequence-independent strategy based on virus-derived small RNAs produced by the host response, such as the RNA interference pathway. In insects, we compared sequences of small and long RNAs, demonstrating that viral sequences are enriched in the small RNA fraction. We also noted that the small RNA size profile is a unique signature for each virus and can be used to identify novel viral sequences without known relatives in reference databases. Using this strategy, we characterized six novel viruses in the viromes of laboratory fruit flies and wild populations of two insect vectors: mosquitoes and sandflies. We also show that the small RNA profile could be used to infer viral tropism for ovaries among other aspects of virus biology. Additionally, our results suggest that virus detection utilizing small RNAs can also be applied to vertebrates, although not as efficiently as to plants and insects. 相似文献
999.
Paulo FP Pimenta Alessandra S Orfano Ana C Bahia Ana PM Duarte Claudia M Ríos-Velásquez Fabrício F Melo Felipe AC Pessoa Giselle A Oliveira Keillen MM Campos Luis Martínez Villegas Nilton Barnabé Rodrigues Rafael Nacif-Pimenta Rejane C Sim?es Wuelton M Monteiro Rogerio Amino Yara M Traub-Cseko José BP Lima Maria GV Barbosa Marcus VG Lacerda Wanderli P Tadei Nágila FC Secundino 《Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz》2015,110(1):23-47
In the Americas, areas with a high risk of malaria transmission are mainly located in
the Amazon Forest, which extends across nine countries. One keystone step to
understanding the Plasmodium life cycle in Anopheles species from the Amazon Region
is to obtain experimentally infected mosquito vectors. Several attempts to colonise
Ano- pheles species have been conducted, but with only short-lived success or no
success at all. In this review, we review the literature on malaria transmission from
the perspective of its Amazon vectors. Currently, it is possible to develop
experimental Plasmodium vivax infection of the colonised and field-captured vectors
in laboratories located close to Amazonian endemic areas. We are also reviewing
studies related to the immune response to P. vivax infection of Anopheles aquasalis,
a coastal mosquito species. Finally, we discuss the importance of the modulation of
Plasmodium infection by the vector microbiota and also consider the anopheline
genomes. The establishment of experimental mosquito infections with Plasmodium
falciparum, Plasmodium yoelii and Plasmodium berghei parasites that could provide
interesting models for studying malaria in the Amazonian scenario is important.
Understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in the development of the parasites
in New World vectors is crucial in order to better determine the interaction process
and vectorial competence. 相似文献
1000.
Miriam YH Ueda Paulo G Alvarenga Juliana M Real Eloisa de Sá Moreira Aripuan? Watanabe Ana Maria Passos-Castilho Matheus Vescovi Yana Novis Vanderson Rocha Adriana Seber Jose SR Oliveira Celso A Rodrigues Celso FH Granato 《Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz》2015,110(4):461-467
Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) may cause severe complications after haematopoietic stem
cell transplantation (HSCT). Monitoring this virus and providing precise, rapid and
early diagnosis of related clinical diseases, constitute essential measures to
improve outcomes. A prospective survey on the incidence and clinical features of
HHV-6 infections after HSCT has not yet been conducted in Brazilian patients and the
impact of this infection on HSCT outcome remains unclear. A rapid test based on
real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) has been optimised to screen
and quantify clinical samples for HHV-6. The detection step was based on reaction
with TaqMan® hydrolysis probes. A set of previously described primers and
probes have been tested to evaluate efficiency, sensitivity and reproducibility. The
target efficiency range was 91.4% with linearity ranging from 10-106
copies/reaction and a limit of detection of five copies/reaction or 250 copies/mL of
plasma. The qPCR assay developed in the present study was simple, rapid and
sensitive, allowing the detection of a wide range of HHV-6 loads. In conclusion, this
test may be useful as a practical tool to help elucidate the clinical relevance of
HHV-6 infection and reactivation in different scenarios and to determine the need for
surveillance. 相似文献