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21.
de F L Fernandes O Passos XS Souza LK Miranda AT Cerqueira CH Silva Mdo R 《Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz》2003,98(6):839-841
Sixty clinical isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans from AIDS from Goiania, state of Goiás, Brazil, were characterized according to varieties, serotypes and tested for antifungal susceptibility. To differentiate the two varieties was used L-canavanine-glycine-bromothymol blue medium and to separate the serotypes was used slide agglutination test with Crypto Check Iatron. The Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of fluconazole, itraconazole, and amphotericin B were determined by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards macrodilution method. Our results identified 56 isolates as C. neoformans var. neoformans serotype A and 4 isolates as C. neoformans var. gattii serotype B. MIC values for C. neoformans var. gattii were higher than C. neoformans var. neoformans. We verified that none isolate was resistant to itraconazole and to amphotericin B, but one C. neoformans var. neoformans and three C. neoformans var. gattii isolates were resistant to fluconazole. The presence of C. neoformans var. gattii fluconazole resistant indicates the importance of determining not only the variety of C. neoformans infecting the patients but also measuring the MIC of the isolate in order to properly orient treatment. 相似文献
22.
Passos XS Costa CR Araújo CR Nascimento ES e Souza LK Fernandes Ode F Sales WS Silva Mdo R 《Mycopathologia》2007,163(3):145-151
In this work, we collect data from surveys of bloodstream Candida isolates performed in Brazil from 1996 to 2004. Besides, we analyzed the species distribution of bloodstream Candida isolates together with potential risk factors for candidemia and the susceptibility profile of these isolates in patients
from Hospital das Clínicas in Goiania city, Brazil. Blood samples were collected in the admission day and on every 7 days,
in the intensive care unit (ICU) of a tertiary hospital. Candida isolates were identified by standard protocols that included germ tube formation, chlamydoconidia production on cornmeal
agar and sugar fermentation and assimilation tests. Data of patients were recorded and analyzed according to age at the time
of diagnosis, gender and presence of potential risk factors. Statistical analysis was used to determine if the time of hospital
permanence increased Candida colonization in ICU patients’ blood. The antifungal susceptibility testing was performed by broth microdilution method according
to document NCCLS/CLSI M27–A2. Among the 345 blood samples cultured, candidemia was recovered in 33 patients, which were isolated
51.5% of Candida non-albicans. Fungemia was associated with long-term hospitalization. Fluconazole, itraconzole, voriconazole and amphotericin B exhibited
a potent activity against all isolates of Candida. Voriconazole MICs were much low for all isolates tested. This work confirms data of increase of Candida non-albicans species in bloodstream in ICU and shows that voriconazole in vitro activity was higher than those of itraconazole, fluconazole and amphotericin B. 相似文献
23.
Gabriela Ludwig Lucas M. Aguiar João M. D. Miranda Gustavo M. Teixeira Walfrido K. Svoboda Luciano S. Malanski Marcos M. Shiozawa Carmen L. S. Hilst Italmar T. Navarro Fernando C. Passos 《International journal of primatology》2007,28(1):39-46
Researchers consider predation rates by terrestrial animals to be lower in the case of arboreal primates, particularly among
large-bodied species. We recorded the consumption of black-and-gold howlers (Alouatta caraya) by cougars (Puma concolor) as evidence of predation on an island of the upper Paraná River. We collected and processed fecal samples of the felid in
2004 and 2005. We identified items in the laboratory by comparison with museum specimens. We considered each species in a
fecal sample as a single occurrence. Based on analysis of the cuticle scale pattern, we identified the felid as cougar. Howlers
occurred in 4 out of the 8 fecal samples (40% of the occurrences). In addition to howlers, we also recorded 5 occurrences
of agouti (Dasyprocta azarae; 50%) and a small unidentified sigmodontine rodent (10%). The abundance of howlers and the low forest canopy in a successional
vegetation might have facilitated the predation of the large primates by a primarily terrestrial predator. The versatility
of cougars is corroborated by the consumption of prey species that were abundant in the region and that were available in
different forest strata, such as howlers and agoutis. 相似文献
24.
Corte AC Svoboda WK Navarro IT Freire RL Malanski LS Shiozawa MM Ludwig G Aguiar LM Passos FC Maron A Camargo ZP Itano EN Ono MA 《Mycopathologia》2007,164(5):225-228
The aim of this study was to evaluate the seroprevalence of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis infection in wild New World monkeys (Cebus sp. and Alouatta caraya). A total of 93 animals (Cebus sp., n = 68 and Alouatta caraya, n = 25) were captured in the Paraná River basin, Paraná State, Brazil and the serum samples were analyzed by ELISA and immunodiffusion
using P. brasiliensis gp43 and exoantigen as antigens, respectively. The seropositivity observed by ELISA was 44.1% and 60% for Cebus sp. and A. caraya, respectively, while by immunodiffusion test Cebus sp. showed positivity of 2.9% only. No significant difference was observed in relation to age and sex. This is the first
report of paracoccidioidomycosis in wild capuchin monkeys and in wild-black and golden-howler monkeys. The high positivity
to P. brasiliensis infection in both species evaluated in our study and the positivity by immunodiffusion test in Cebus sp. suggest that natural disease may be occurring in wild monkeys living in paracoccidioidomycosis endemic areas. 相似文献
25.
Zuanon JA Pezzato AC Ducatti C Barros MM Pezzato LE Passos JR 《Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part A, Molecular & integrative physiology》2007,147(3):761-765
The effects of grain-based diets from C3 or C4-cycle plants on muscle delta(13)C change process in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings were investigated. Two groups of sex reversal males Nile tilapia fingerlings were fed with isoproteic (32.0% DP) and isocaloric (3200 kcal DE/kg) diets, differing from each other by their delta(13)C. Muscle samples were collected and the carbon isotopic composition was measured. For C4 diet, the formula for the muscle delta(13)C change related to the intake time of a new diet was delta(13)C=-14.88-9.21e(-0.0209t) and the half-life (T) of the muscle carbon was 33.2 days. For C3 diet, the formula was delta(13)C=-25.43+8.59e(-0.0533t) with T=13 days. The C3 diet was considered more appropriate based on its palatability and consequent larger food intake than the C4 diet, resulting in an increased muscle delta(13)C change rate. However, for future studies, would be necessary to mix both the C3 and C4 feedstuffs to formulate diets nutritionally appropriated, with contrasting stable isotopes signatures. Tissue delta(13)C change rate is therefore indicated as a promising tool to better understand the biotic and abiotic factors that influence nutrients utilization from the diet and animal growth. 相似文献
26.
27.
Marques-da-Silva C Chaves MM Chaves SP Figliuolo VR Meyer-Fernandes JR Corte-Real S Lameu C Ulrich H Ojcius DM Rossi-Bergmann B Coutinho-Silva R 《Cellular microbiology》2011,13(9):1410-1428
Nucleotides are released into the extracellular milieu from infected cells and cells at inflammatory sites. The extracellular nucleotides bind to specific purinergic (P2) receptors and thereby induce a variety of cellular responses including anti-parasitic effects. Here we investigated whether extracellular nucleotides affect leishmanial infection in macrophages, and found that UTP reduces strongly the parasite load in peritoneal macrophages. Ultrastructural analysis of infected cells revealed that UTP induced morphological damage in the intracellular parasites. Uridine nucleotides also induced dose-dependent apoptosis of macrophages and production of ROI and RNI only in infected macrophages. The intracellular calcium measurements of infected cells showed that the response to UTP, but not UDP, increased the sensitivity and amplitude of cytosolic Ca(2+) changes. Infection of macrophages with Leishmania upregulated the expression of P2Y(2) and P2Y(4) receptor mRNA. The data suggest indirectly that Leishmania amazonensis infection induces modulation and heteromerization of P2Y receptors on macrophages. Thus UTP modulates the host response against L. amazonensis infection. UTP and UTP homologues should therefore be considered as novel components of therapeutic strategies against cutaneous leishmaniasis. 相似文献
28.
Roseane Borner Jo?o Bento-Torres Diego RV Souza Danyelle B Sadala Nonata Trevia José Augusto Farias Nara Lins Aline Passos Amanda Quintairos José Ant?nio Diniz Victor Hugh Perry Pedro Fernando Vasconcelos Colm Cunningham Cristovam W Pican?o-Diniz 《朊病毒》2011,5(3):215-227
Behavioral and neuropathological changes have been widely investigated in murine prion disease but stereological based unbiased estimates of key neuropathological features have not been carried out. After injections of ME7 infected (ME7) or normal brain homogenates (NBH) into dorsal CA1 of albino Swiss mice and C57BL6, we assessed behavioral changes on hippocampal-dependent tasks. We also estimated by optical fractionator at 15 and 18 weeks post-injections (w.p.i.) the total number of neurons, reactive astrocytes, activated microglia and perineuronal nets (PN) in the polymorphic layer of dentate gyrus (PolDG), CA1 and septum in albino Swiss mice. On average, early behavioral changes in albino Swiss mice start four weeks later than in C57BL6. Cluster and discriminant analysis of behavioral data in albino Swiss mice revealed that four of nine subjects start to change their behavior at 12 w.p.i. and reach terminal stage at 22 w.p.i and the remaining subjects start at 22 w.p.i. and reach terminal stage at 26 w.p.i. Biotinylated dextran-amine BDA-tracer experiments in mossy fiber pathway confirmed axonal degeneration and stereological data showed that early astrocytosis, microgliosis and reduction in the perineuronal nets are independent of a change in the number of neuronal cell bodies. Statistical analysis revealed that the septal region had greater levels of neuroinflammation and extracellular matrix damage than CA1. This stereological and multivariate analysis at early stages of disease in an outbred model of prion disease provided new insights connecting behavioral changes and neuroinflammation and seems to be important to understand the mechanisms of prion disease progression.Key words: prion disease, optical fractionator, neuropathology, behavioral changes, albino Swiss mice 相似文献
29.
Jo?o Frederico M. dos Passos Pedro B. da Costa Murilo D. Costa Gilmar R. Zaffari Gilberto Nava José Itamar Boneti Andréia Mara R. de Oliveira Luciane M.P. Passaglia 《Genetics and molecular biology》2014,37(3):560-572
This study evaluated the diversity of cultivable plant growth-promoting (PGP) bacteria associated with apple trees cultivated under different crop management systems and their antagonistic ability against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Samples of roots and rhizospheric soil from apple trees cultivated in organic and conventional orchards in southern Brazil were collected, together with soil samples from an area never used for agriculture (native field). Bacteria were identified at the genus level by PCR-RFLP and partial sequencing of the 16S rRNA, and were evaluated for some PGP abilities. The most abundant bacterial genera identified were Enterobacter (27.7%), Pseudomonas (18.7%), Burkholderia (13.7%), and Rahnella (12.3%). Sixty-nine isolates presented some antagonist activity against C. gloeosporioides. In a greenhouse experiment, five days after exposure to C. gloeosporioides, an average of 30% of the leaf area of plants inoculated with isolate 89 (identified as Burkholderia sp.) were infected, whereas 60 to 73% of the leaf area of untreated plants was affected by fungal attack. Our results allowed us to infer how anthropogenic activity is affecting the bacterial communities in soil associated with apple tree crop systems, and to obtain an isolate that was able to delay the emergence of an important disease for this culture. 相似文献
30.
Lemos Jde A Passos XS Fernandes Ode F Paula JR Ferri PH Souza LK Lemos Ade A Silva Mdo R 《Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz》2005,100(1):55-58
Cryptococcal infection had an increased incidence in last years due to the explosion of acquired immune deficiency syndrome epidemic and by using new and effective immunosuppressive agents. The currently antifungal therapies used such as amphotericin B, fluconazole, and itraconazole have certain limitations due to side effects and emergence of resistant strains. So, a permanent search to find new drugs for cryptococcosis treatment is essential. Ocimum gratissimum, plant known as alfavaca (Labiatae family), has been reported earlier with in vitro activity against some bacteria and dermatophytes. In our work, we study the in vitro activity of the ethanolic crude extract, ethyl acetate, hexane, and chloroformic fractions, essential oil, and eugenol of O. gratissimum using an agar dilution susceptibility method towards 25 isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans. All the extracts of O. gratissimum studied showed activity in vitro towards C. neoformans. Based on the minimal inhibitory concentration values the most significant results were obtained with chloroformic fraction and eugenol. It was observed that chloroformic fraction inhibited 23 isolates (92%) of C. neoformans at a concentration of 62.5 microg/ml and eugenol inhibited 4 isolates (16%) at a concentration of 0.9 microg/ml. This screening may be the basis for the study of O. gratissimum as a possible antifungal agent. 相似文献