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61.
Introduction
Articular tissues are capable of producing a range of eicosanoid mediators, each of which has individual biological effects and may be affected by anti-inflammatory treatment. We set out to develop and evaluate a high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) approach for the simultaneous analysis of multiple eicosanoid lipid mediators in equine synovial fluid (SF), and to illustrate its use for investigation of the in vivo effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) treatment. 相似文献62.
63.
From a therapeutic perspective, the bourgeoning literature on Th17 cells should allow us to decide whether to rationally pursue
the manipulation of Th17 cells in cancer. The purpose of this review is to attempt a synthesis of a number of contradictory
conclusions as to the role that these cells are playing in the process of tumourigenesis in order to provide guidance as to
whether our current understanding is sufficient to safely pursue Th17-targeted therapy in cancer at this time. Th17 cells
are a highly plastic population and the cytokine drivers for Th17 cell generation and skewing will vary between various cancers
and importantly between different sites of tumour involvement in any individual patient. The net impact of the pro-angiogenic
IL-17 produced not only by Th17 cells but by other cells particularly macrophages and the anti-tumour effects of Th1/Th17
cells will in turn be determined by the complex interplay of diverse chemokines and cytokines in any tumour microenvironment.
Th17 cells that fail to home to tumours may be immunosuppressive. The complexity of IL-17 and Th17 dynamics makes easy prediction
of the effects of either enhancing or suppressing Th17 cell differentiation in cancer problematic. 相似文献
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66.
押检测携带人肝细胞生长因子基因的重组腺病毒Ad-HGF在体外对成纤维细胞的感染效率以及感染细胞对目的蛋白的表达。以不同感染复数(m.o.i.)(25,50,100,200)的Ad-GFP感染NIH3T3细胞,48h时用流式细胞仪检测转染效率;以50m.o.i.感染NIH3T3细胞后48h,用ELISA和Western印迹杂交法分别检测感染上清中HGF的表达。分别以50m.o.i.的Ad-GFP和Ad-HGF感染原代培养人瘢痕成纤维细胞,以检测重组腺病毒对原代培养人瘢痕成纤维细胞的转染效率和其对HGF的表达。结果表明,当m.o.i.为50时,重组腺病毒对NIH3T3细胞的转染效率已达95%以上;HGF的表达量可达每2×106细胞249ng;并可检测到HGF蛋白的一特异杂交带。以50m.o.i.的Ad-GFP感染原代培养人瘢痕成纤维细胞,72h时GFP表达达高峰,此时转染效率可高达36.75%。Ad-HGF感染原代培养人瘢痕成纤维细胞后HGF的表达在72h时达高峰,表达量可达每3.3×105细胞66ng。初步认为重组腺病毒可有效地介导HGF基因转染正常或瘢痕成纤维细胞,且感染细胞可有效表达目的蛋白。 相似文献
67.
Gene therapy for pathological scar with hepatocyte growth factor mediated by recombinant adenovirus vector 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Pathologic scar, characterized by excessive dermal fibrosis and scarring, is a common im-portant clinical sequela after wound healing. It often appears during wound healing after deep burn, surgical cutting and other injured skin. Accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins is a manifestation of increased collagen synthesis and/or reduced matrix degradation, resulting in excessive scarring with a deformed appearance and dysfunction[1]. To date, treatment modalities to scar include sur… 相似文献
68.
S. JUNG Y. LEE K. YANG S. B. LEE S. M. JANG S. B. HA & K. BACK 《Plant, cell & environment》2004,27(11):1436-1446
Much attention has been paid to the signal sequences of eukaryotic protoporphyrinogen oxidases (protoxes); both the organelles targeted by protoxes and the role of protoxes in conferring resistance against protox‐inhibiting herbicides, such as oxyfluorfen, have been examined. However, there have been no reports on the translocation of prokaryotic protoxes. This study investigated the targeting ability of Myxococcus xanthus protox in vitro and in vivo. In an in vitro translocation assay using a dual import system, M. xanthus protein was detected in chloroplasts and mitochondria, suggesting that the M. xanthus protox protein was targeted into both organelles. In order to confirm the in vitro dual targeting ability of M. xanthus, we used a stable transgenic strategy to investigate dual targeting in vivo. In transgenic rice plants overexpressing M. xanthus protox, M. xanthus protox antibody cross‐reacted with proteins with predicted molecular masses of 50 kDa from both chloroplasts and mitochondria, and this in vivo transgene expression corresponded to a prominent increase in chloroplastic and mitochondrial protox activity. Seeds from the transgenic lines M4 and M7 germinated in solid Murashige and Skoog media of up to 500 µm of oxyfluorfen, whereas wild‐type seeds did not germinate in 1 µm . After 4‐week‐old‐rice plants were treated with oxyfluorfen for 3 d, lines M4 and M7 exhibited normal growth, whereas the wild‐type line was severely bleached and necrotized. The herbicidal resistance is attributed to the insignificant accumulation of photodynamic protoporphyrin IX in cytosol because the high chloroplastic and mitochondrial protox activity in oxyfluorfen‐treated transgenic lines, compared with that in oxyfluorfen‐treated and untreated wild‐type plants, metabolizes protoporphyrinogen IX to chlorophyll and heme. A practical application of the dual targeting of M. xanthus protox for obtaining outstanding resistance to peroxidizing herbicides is discussed. 相似文献
69.
Evidence for extensive gene flow and Thermotoga subpopulations in subsurface and marine environments
Camilla L Nesb? Kristen S Swithers H?kon Dahle Thomas HA Haverkamp Nils-K?re Birkeland Tatiana Sokolova Ilya Kublanov Olga Zhaxybayeva 《The ISME journal》2015,9(7):1532-1542
Oil reservoirs represent a nutrient-rich ecological niche of the deep biosphere. Although most oil reservoirs are occupied by microbial populations, when and how the microbes colonized these environments remains unanswered. To address this question, we compared 11 genomes of Thermotoga maritima-like hyperthermophilic bacteria from two environment types: subsurface oil reservoirs in the North Sea and Japan, and marine sites located in the Kuril Islands, Italy and the Azores. We complemented our genomes with Thermotoga DNA from publicly available subsurface metagenomes from North America and Australia. Our analysis revealed complex non-bifurcating evolutionary history of the isolates'' genomes, suggesting high amounts of gene flow across all sampled locations, a conjecture supported by numerous recombination events. Genomes from the same type of environment tend to be more similar, and have exchanged more genes with each other than with geographically close isolates from different types of environments. Hence, Thermotoga populations of oil reservoirs do not appear isolated, a requirement of the ‘burial and isolation'' hypothesis, under which reservoir bacteria are descendants of the isolated communities buried with sediments that over time became oil reservoirs. Instead, our analysis supports a more complex view, where bacteria from subsurface and marine populations have been continuously migrating into the oil reservoirs and influencing their genetic composition. The Thermotoga spp. in the oil reservoirs in the North Sea and Japan probably entered the reservoirs shortly after they were formed. An Australian oil reservoir, on the other hand, was likely colonized very recently, perhaps during human reservoir development. 相似文献
70.