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排序方式: 共有188条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
91.
92.
Deep Prakash Akhil MS Buddidhathi Radhika Radhika Venkatesan Sreekanth H Chalasani Varsha Singh 《The EMBO journal》2021,40(13)
Animals possess conserved mechanisms to detect pathogens and to improve survival in their presence by altering their own behavior and physiology. Here, we utilize Caenorhabditis elegans as a model host to ask whether bacterial volatiles constitute microbe‐associated molecular patterns. Using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, we identify six prominent volatiles released by the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We show that a specific volatile, 1‐undecene, activates nematode odor sensory neurons inducing both flight and fight responses in worms. Using behavioral assays, we show that worms are repelled by 1‐undecene and that this aversion response is driven by the detection of this volatile through AWB odor sensory neurons. Furthermore, we find that 1‐undecene odor can induce immune effectors specific to P. aeruginosa via AWB neurons and that brief pre‐exposure of worms to the odor enhances their survival upon subsequent bacterial infection. These results show that 1‐undecene derived from P. aeruginosa serves as a pathogen‐associated molecular pattern for the induction of protective responses in C. elegans. 相似文献
93.
Single visit endodontics offers many advantages over multi visit treatment. Therefore, it is of interest to assess the preference of single visit over multiple visit root canals. We used 86,000 patient records and selected 9017 records matching the inclusion criteria for the analysis using statistical tools (Chi square test at p value <0.05). Data shows that people between 26 to 45 years are often affected with dental caries. Available data is biased towards multi visits rather than single visit regardless number of canals. 相似文献
94.
95.
An optimally functional brain requires both excitatory and inhibitory inputs that are regulated and balanced. A perturbation in the excitatory/inhibitory balance—as is the case in some neurological disorders/diseases (e.g. traumatic brain injury Alzheimer’s disease, stroke, epilepsy and substance abuse) and disorders of development (e.g. schizophrenia, Rhett syndrome and autism spectrum disorder)—leads to dysfunctional signaling, which can result in impaired cognitive and motor function, if not frank neuronal injury. At the cellular level, transmission of glutamate and GABA, the principle excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters in the central nervous system control excitatory/inhibitory balance. Herein, we review the synthesis, release, and signaling of GABA and glutamate followed by a focused discussion on the importance of their transport systems to the maintenance of excitatory/inhibitory balance. 相似文献
96.
Marc B. Rietberg Erwin E. H. van Wegen Isaline C. J. M. Eyssen Gert Kwakkel the MS study group 《PloS one》2014,9(9)
Background
Several rehabilitation programmes aim at reducing the impact of fatigue in MS patients. Acute and chronic fatigue should require different management.Objectives
To assess the effects of individually tailored, multidisciplinary outpatient rehabilitation (MDR) on chronic fatigue.Methods
Forty-eight ambulatory MS patients with chronic fatigue were randomized to MDR or to MS–nurse consultation. Fatigue was assessed by the Checklist Individual Strength (CIS-20R). Secondary outcomes included the Modified Fatigue Impact Scale, Fatigue Severity Scale, Functional Independence Measure, Disability and Impact Profile (DIP), Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale and the Impact on Participation and Autonomy (IPA).Results
The primary outcome measure CIS-20R overall score showed no significant differences between groups at 12 weeks (P = 0.39) and 24 weeks follow-up (P = 0.14), nor for subscales (t = 12 and t = 24, 0.19≤P≤0.88). No significant within-group effects were found for both groups with respect to the primary (0.57≤p≤0.97) and secondary (0.11≤p≤0.92) outcome measures from baseline to 12 or 24 weeks.Conclusion
Multidisciplinary rehabilitation was not more effective in terms of reducing self-reported fatigue in MS patients compared to MS-nurse consultation. Our results suggest that chronic fatigue in patients with MS may be highly invariant over time, irrespective of interventions.Trial Registration
controlled-trials.com ISRCTN05017507 相似文献97.
98.
Pagliarini MS Souza VF Silva N Scapim CA Rodovalho M Faria MV 《Genetics and molecular research : GMR》2011,10(3):1958-1962
Cytological analysis under light microscopy of the single hybrid P30R50 of silage corn revealed an abnormal pattern of microsporogenesis that affected the meiotic products. Meiosis progressed normally until diakinesis, but before migration to the metaphase plate, bivalents underwent total desynapsis and 20 univalent chromosomes were scattered in the cytoplasm. At this stage, meiocytes also exhibited a number of chromatin-like fragments scattered throughout the cell. Metaphase I was completely abnormal in the affected cells, and univalent chromosomes and fragments were distributed among several curved spindles. Anaphase I did not occur, and each chromosome or group of chromosomes originated a micronucleus. After this phase, an irregular cytokinesis occurred, and secondary meiocytes with several micronuclei were observed. Metaphase II and anaphase II also did not occur, and after the second cytokinesis, the genomes were fractionated into polyads, generating several unbalanced microspores, with various-sized nuclei. About 35% of the tetrads were abnormal in the hybrid. This spontaneous mutation had been previously reported in a USA maize line called ms17 and was found to cause male sterility. 相似文献
99.
Eric J Suh Matthew Y Remillard Aster Legesse-Miller Elizabeth L Johnson Johanna MS Lemons Talia R Chapman Joshua J Forman Mina Kojima Eric S Silberman Hilary A Coller 《Genome biology》2012,13(12):R121
Background
Although quiescence (reversible cell cycle arrest) is a key part in the life history and fate of many mammalian cell types, the mechanisms of gene regulation in quiescent cells are poorly understood. We sought to clarify the role of microRNAs as regulators of the cellular functions of quiescent human fibroblasts.Results
Using microarrays, we discovered that the expression of the majority of profiled microRNAs differed between proliferating and quiescent fibroblasts. Fibroblasts induced into quiescence by contact inhibition or serum starvation had similar microRNA profiles, indicating common changes induced by distinct quiescence signals. By analyzing the gene expression patterns of microRNA target genes with quiescence, we discovered a strong regulatory function for miR-29, which is downregulated with quiescence. Using microarrays and immunoblotting, we confirmed that miR-29 targets genes encoding collagen and other extracellular matrix proteins and that those target genes are induced in quiescence. In addition, overexpression of miR-29 resulted in more rapid cell cycle re-entry from quiescence. We also found that let-7 and miR-125 were upregulated in quiescent cells. Overexpression of either one alone resulted in slower cell cycle re-entry from quiescence, while the combination of both together slowed cell cycle re-entry even further.Conclusions
microRNAs regulate key aspects of fibroblast quiescence including the proliferative state of the cells as well as their gene expression profiles, in particular, the induction of extracellular matrix proteins in quiescent fibroblasts. 相似文献100.