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51.
52.
Md. Abdullahil Baque Abdullah Elgirban Eun-Jung Lee Kee-Yoeup Paek 《Acta Physiologiae Plantarum》2012,34(2):405-415
The effect of initial sucrose concentration was investigated in root suspension cultures of Morinda citrifolia to improve root growth and secondary metabolites production, i.e. anthraquinone, phenolics and flavonoids. Besides, oxidative
stress level, antioxidant enzymes activity and membranes damage under different sucrose concentration were estimated. A 5%
sucrose supply was shown to be optimal for the production of root dry mass, but higher sucrose concentrations of 7–9% inhibited
the accumulation of root dry weight (DW). However, the maximum production of anthraquinone (251.89 g L−1 DW), phenolics (165.14 g L−1 DW) and flavonoids (163.56 g L−1 DW) were achieved at 1% sucrose-treated culture, which may be a source carbon skeletons for secondary metabolism. At the
same time was observed low oxidative damage, which could be associated with high levels of secondary metabolites and the increased
activity of catalase. Although, catalase (CAT) activity were stimulated at 7–9% sucrose-treated cultures, high accumulation
of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and peroxidation of lipid (MDA) was induced. The observed high activity of CAT and guaiacol peroxidase (G-POD) were not
sufficient enough to mitigate the toxic effect of H2O2. 相似文献
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54.
Kim DS Sin Y Kim DW Paek J Kim RN Jung MY Park IS Kim A Kang A Park HS Choi SH Chang YH 《Journal of bacteriology》2012,194(11):3015-3016
The novel Sporolactobacillus vineae SL153(T) strain has excellent intestinal adherence and growth inhibitory effect on pathogenic microorganisms, including Vibrio genus microorganisms, and therefore can be effectively used for the prevention and treatment of disease caused by pathogenic microorganisms. Here, we first report the draft genome sequence of a novel species in the genus Sporolactobacillus. 相似文献
55.
Harvestable, starch-storing organs of plants, such as fleshy taproots and tubers, are important agronomic products that are
also suitable target organs for use in the molecular farming of recombinant proteins due to their strong sink strength. To
exploit a promoter directing strong expression restricted to these storage organs, we isolated the promoter region (3.0 kb)
of SRD1 from sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas cv. ‘White Star’) and characterized its activity in transgenic Arabidopsis, carrot, and potato using the β-glucuronidase (GUS) gene (uidA) as a reporter gene. The SRD1 promoter conferred root-specific expression in transgenic Arabidopsis, with SRD1 promoter activity increasing in response to exogenous IAA. A time-course study of the effect of IAA (50 μM) revealed a maximum
increase in SRD1 promoter activity at 24 h post-treatment initiation. A serial 5′ deletion analysis of the SRD1 promoter identified regions related to IAA-inducible expression as well as regions containing positive and negative elements,
respectively, controlling the expression level. In transgenic carrot, the SRD1 promoter mediated strong taproot-specific expression, as evidenced by GUS staining being strong in almost the entire taproot,
including secondary phloem, secondary xylem and vascular cambium. The activity of the SRD1 promoter gradually increased with increasing diameter of the taproot in the transgenic carrot and was 10.71-fold higher than
that of the CaMV35S promoter. The SRD1 promoter also directed strong tuber-specific expression in transgenic potato. Taken together, these results demonstrate that
the SRD1 promoter directs strong expression restricted to the underground storage organs, such as fleshy taproots and tubers, as well
as fibrous root tissues. 相似文献
56.
This article highlights recent advances in the design of noninvasive neural interfaces based on the scalp electroencephalogram (EEG). The simplest of physical tasks, such as turning the page to read this article, requires an intense burst of brain activity. It happens in milliseconds and requires little conscious thought. But for amputees and stroke victims with diminished motor-sensory skills, this process can be difficult or impossible. Our team at the University of Maryland, in conjunction with the Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) and the University of Maryland School of Medicine, hopes to offer these people newfound mobility and dexterity. In separate research thrusts, were using data gleaned from scalp EEG to develop reliable brainmachine interface (BMI) systems that could soon control modern devices such as prosthetic limbs or powered robotic exoskeletons. 相似文献
57.
Ammonium to nitrate ratios of 0:30, 5:25, 10:20, 15:15, 20:10, 25:5, and 30:0 mM were tested to determine the optimal NH(4)(+) :NO(3)(-) ratio for improving biomass and bioactive compound production in Eleutherococcus koreanum Nakai adventitious roots using 3-L bulb-type bubble bioreactors. A high ammonium nitrogen ratio had a negative effect on root growth, and the highest fresh and dry weights were obtained when NH(4)(+):NO(3)(-) ratios were 5:25 and 10:20 (mM) after 5 weeks of culture. Although the total production of eleutherosides B and E was slightly higher at the 10:20 ratio than at the 5:25 ratio (NH(4)(+):NO(3)(-)), we proposed that the optimal NH(4)(+):NO(3)(-) ratio was 5:25 mM. This ratio achieved both the highest total production of five target bioactive compounds (eleutherosides B and E, chlorogenic acid, total phenolics, and flavonoids) and the highest root biomass. Furthermore, increasing NH(4)(+):NO(3)(-) ratios to 10:20 decreased pH in the medium, interrupted the absorption of essential minerals from the culture medium, and resulted in low biomass and increased relative oxidative stress levels, which were evaluated by determining 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity. Therefore, nitrate rather than ammonium nitrogen was more essential not for only biomass production but also for bioactive compound production in E. koreanum adventitious root cultures. The optimal nitrogen source ratio produced 5.63 g L(-1) of biomass and 24.41 mg of the five total bioactive compounds per gram of biomass (dry weight basis). The development of such in vitro culture technology will benefit the pilot-scale production of E. koreanum-based bioactive compounds for commercialization. 相似文献
58.
59.
60.
Chun-Hua Wu Hosakatte Niranjana Murthy Eun-Joo Hahn Kee-Yoeup Paek 《Acta Physiologiae Plantarum》2008,30(6):891-896
We have successfully established the co-culture of ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) and echinacea [Echiancea purpurea (L.) Moench.] adventitious roots for the production secondary metabolites. Adventitious roots of ginseng and echinacea were
cultured in different proportions (5 g L−1; 4:1, 3:2 and 2:1 ginseng and echinacea, respectively) in 5-L capacity airlift bioreactors containing 4 L Murashige and Skoog
medium supplemented with 25 μM indole-3-butyric acid and 50 g sucrose L−1 and maintained at 25°C in the dark for 40 days. Results showed the negative effect of echinacea adventitious roots on the
growth of ginseng roots, however, by limiting the inoculum density of echinacea, it was possible to establish the co-cultures.
To enhance the accumulation of secondary metabolites, co-cultures were treated with 200 μM methyl jasmonate after 30 days
of culture initiation. Methyl jasmonate elicitation promoted the accumulation of ginsenosides in the co-cultures. It was possible
to produce ginsenosides and caffeic acid derivatives in higher amounts by establishing co-cultures with higher inoculum proportion
of ginseng to echinacea (4:1 and 3:2) followed by elicitation treatment. This work demonstrates the effectiveness of interspecies
adventitious root co-cultures for the production of plant secondary metabolites. 相似文献