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21.
Hot pepper (Capsicum annuum) plants exhibit a hypersensitive response (HR) against infection by many tobamoviruses. A clone (CaPR-4) encoding a putative pathogenesis-related protein 4 was isolated by differential screening of a cDNA library prepared from resistant pepper plant leaves inoculated with tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) pathotype P0. The predicted amino acid sequence of CaPR-4 is very similar to those of other plant PR-4s. Southern blot analysis showed that small gene families of PR-4-related sequences were present in the pepper genome. Hot pepper cultivar Bugang, resistant to TMV-P0 and susceptible to TMV-P1.2, induced CaPR-4 expression by pathotype P0 inoculation in inoculated and systemic leaves, but not by pathotype P1.2. Effects of exogenously applied abiotic elicitors upon the CaPR-4 expression were also examined. The expression of the CaPR-4 gene was stimulated by methyl jasmonate (MeJA), ethephon and wounding treatment. However, application of salicylic acid (SA) did not trigger the expression. Evidence is emerging that jasmonic acid and ethylene play key roles in the SA-independent pathways of plant-pathogen interaction. Taken together, these results suggest that the CaPR-4 gene is one of the defense-related genes conferring resistance on pepper plants by the SA-independent pathway and the cross-talk between signaling compounds, jasmonic acid and ethylene could have a great regulatory potential in a plant's defense against TMV. 相似文献
22.
Hairy roots of red beet (Beta vulgaris L.) were cultivated in different types of airlift bioreactors (cone, balloon, bulb, drum and column bioreactors of 5 l capacity and containing 3 l of half strength Murashige & Skoog medium). The cone type of airlift bioreactor gave the highest biomass of hairy roots and betacyanin accumulation. Betacyanin accumulation was 27 mg g–1 dry wt in cultures aerated at 0.3 vvm. Light irradiation of 20 mol m–2 s–1 promoted hairy root growth but optimum betacyanin (34 mg g–1 dry wt) accumulation was with the cultures grown under 60 mol m–2 s–1. 相似文献
23.
Fritillaria thunbergii Miq. bulb-scale sections were cultured using Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with NAA (1.62 M) and KN/2iP/BA (0.47–23.23 M).A high frequency of bulblets was developed from the scale sections and these bulblets have developed leaves and roots in 12 weeks of culture. An optimum of 13.7 bulblets developed from scale sections on solid MS medium supplemented with 1.62 M NAA and 4.65 M KN. Cultures incubated under cycles of 16 h white fluorescent light (40 mol m–2 s–1) and 8 h dark at a temperature regime of 25°C have produced optimal bulblets compared to cultures incubated under continuous dark at 25°C. The bulblets were harvested at the end of culture period and were given cold treatment at 5°C for 5 weeks and then transplanted to a potting mixture of peat moss, vermiculite and perlite (1:1:1). The bulblets, which were more than 10 mm in diameter, sprouted (100%) in 5 weeks of transplantation. 相似文献
24.
Conductimetric membrane strip immunosensor with polyaniline-bound gold colloids as signal generator 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
For point-of-care examination, an immuno-chromatographic assay system based on conductimetric detection was investigated by utilizing, as signal generator, colloidal gold with polyaniline bound on the metal surface. Although the gold is a widely used label for antibodies to produce colorimetric signals, the tracer does not lend itself for a suitable electric conduction along the gold particles due to the presence of protein barriers (e.g. immunoglobulin and blocking agent) against electron transfer. To overcome this problem, we introduced a conducting polymer, for instance, polyaniline, as a conductivity-modulating agent on the gold surface after immobilizing an antibody specific to human albumin used as model analyte. This novel signal generator amplified the conductimetric signal 4.7 times compared with the plain gold, and the signal was also maximum 2.3-fold higher than that from the photometric system under the same analytical conditions. The latter effect resulted from an exponential pattern in the dose–response curve of the electric signal that was different from the conventional sigmoidal shape. 相似文献
25.
Cholera toxin (CTX) increased c-fos mRNA level whereas it down-regulated the c-jun mRNA level in rat C6 glioma cells. In contrast to the action of CTX, pertussis toxin (PTX) did not affect either c-fos or c-jun mRNA level. The elevated c-fos mRNA level induced by CTX was significantly inhibited by the co-treatment with dexamethasone (DEX). However, DEX did not affect CTX-induced down-regulation of c-jun mRNA level. Cycloheximide (CHX) increased c-fos and c-jun mRNA levels. CHX caused a super-induction of CTX-induced c-fos mRNA level. Our results suggest that CTX-, but not PTX-, sensitive G-proteins may play an important role for c-fos mRNA up-regulation and c-jun mRNA down-regulation. In addition, DEX appears to have a selective inhibitory action against c-fos mRNA expression regulated by CTX. Ongoing protein synthesis inhibition is required for the superinduction of c-fos, but not c-jun, mRNA induced by CTX. 相似文献
26.
Sang‐Hwa Lee Yasuhito Sakuraba Taeyoung Lee Kyu‐Won Kim Gynheung An Han Yong Lee Nam‐Chon Paek 《植物学报(英文版)》2015,57(6):562-576
Jasmonic acid (JA) functions in plant development, including senescence and immunity. Arabidopsis thaliana CORONATINE INSENSITIVE 1 encodes a JA receptor and functions in the JA‐responsive signaling pathway. The Arabidopsis genome harbors a single COI gene, but the rice (Oryza sativa) genome harbors three COI homologs, OsCOI1a, OsCOI1b, and OsCOI2. Thus, it remains unclear whether each OsCOI has distinct, additive, synergistic, or redundant functions in development. Here, we use the oscoi1b‐1 knockout mutants to show that OsCOI1b mainly affects leaf senescence under senescence‐promoting conditions. oscoi1b‐1 mutants stayed green during dark‐induced and natural senescence, with substantial retention of chlorophylls and photosynthetic capacity. Furthermore, several senescence‐associated genes were downregulated in oscoi1b‐1 mutants, including homologs of Arabidopsis thaliana ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE 3 and ORESARA 1, important regulators of leaf senescence. These results suggest that crosstalk between JA signaling and ethylene signaling affects leaf senescence. The Arabidopsis coi1‐1 plants containing 35S:OsCOI1a or 35S:OsCOI1b rescued the delayed leaf senescence during dark incubation, suggesting that both OsCOI1a and OsCOI1b are required for promoting leaf senescence in rice. oscoi1b‐1 mutants showed significant decreases in spikelet fertility and grain weight, leading to severe reduction of grain yield, indicating that OsCOI1‐mediated JA signaling affects spikelet fertility and grain filling. 相似文献
27.
28.
Md. Abdullahil Baque Eun-Joo Hahn Kee-Yoeup Paek 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2010,46(1):71-80
An efficient protocol for adventitious root induction from leaf explants of Morinda citrifolia treated with different concentrations of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) was established in
relation to physiological process changes during adventitious root induction under different light sources (fluorescent, red,
blue, red + blue, and far-red). Among the different concentrations of IBA and NAA, 1.0 mg l−1 IBA was proven as the best auxin source for adventitious root induction under fluorescent light. Higher concentrations of
IBA and NAA trigger callus formation in both light and dark conditions. Maximum numbers of adventitious roots were induced
under red light (26) followed by blue light (22) and the lowest under far-red light (6). In contrast, numerous callus formations
were induced by red + blue followed by red and blue, while the highest root length (1.66 cm) with negligible callusing was
observed under fluorescent light. Catalase and guaicacol peroxidase activities were highest under red light followed by fluorescent
light and the lowest under red + blue light, but superoxide dismutase activity was not significantly influenced by different
light sources. Ascorbate peroxidase played an important role in detoxification of the harmful effects of hydrogen peroxide
(H2O2). Under fluorescent light, significantly lower accumulation of H2O2 was observed. Accumulation of H2O2 in the induced root under different light showed a positive correlation with peroxidation of lipids and was observed higher
under far-red followed by red + blue and blue light. 相似文献
29.
Y. H. Dewir D. Chakrabarty S. -H. Lee E. -J. Hahn K. -Y. Paek 《Biologia Plantarum》2010,54(2):357-360
The present study reports an efficient protocol for indirect shoot organogenesis and plantlets regeneration of Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal. Leaf explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations and
combinations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). The highest callus induction rate (89.5 %) and shoot
regeneration rate (92 %) were obtained when 2 mg dm−3 BAP was combined with 0.5 mg dm−3 IAA. Three major withanolides (withaferine A, 12-deoxywithastramonolide and withanolide A) were investigated in different
plant organs from in vitro and greenhouse grown plants. Leaves contained higher contents of withanolides and phenolics than roots or stems, whereas
roots contained the highest contents of flavonoids and polysacharides. In vitro grown plants contained greater contents of phenolics, flavonoids and polysaccharides while lower contents of withanolides
than greenhouse grown plants. 相似文献
30.
Zhongcai Ma Kenny Y.C. Kwong David Paek 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2010,400(4):569-574
Plaminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), the key physiological inhibitor of the plasmin fibrinolytic system, plays important roles in the pathogenesis of asthma. Mast cells (MCs) are crucial effector cells and a major source of PAI-1 for asthma. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is the important regulator of MCs; however, its effects on PAI-1 expression in MCs remain unknown. We reported cAMP/protein kinase A pathway positively regulates PAI-1 expression through cAMP-response element binding protein binding to hypoxia response element-1 at −158 to −153 bp of human PAI-1 promoter in human MCs. Moreover, cAMP synergistically augments PAI-1 expression with ionomycin- or IgE receptor cross-linking-mediated stimulation. 相似文献