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51.
Symbiotic Potential, Competitiveness, and Serological Properties of Bradyrhizobium japonicum Indigenous to Korean Soils 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
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Ui Gum Kang Padma Somasegaran Heinz J. Hoben B. Ben Bohlool 《Applied microbiology》1991,57(4):1038-1045
The symbiotic potential of Bradyrhizobium japonicum isolates indigenous to seven Korean soils was evaluated by inoculating soybeans with 10- and 1,000-fold-diluted soil suspensions (whole-soil inocula). At both levels, significant differences in the symbiotic potential of the indigenous B. japonicum isolates were demonstrated. The relationship between rhizobial numbers in the whole-soil inocula (x) and nitrogen fixation parameters (y) was best predicted by a straight line (y = a + bx) when the numbers in the inocula were 100 to 10,000 ml-1, while the power curve (y = axb) predicted the variation when the numbers were 1 to 100 ml-1. Thirty isolates from three soils showed wide differences in effectiveness (measured as milligrams of shoot N per plant), and several were of equal or greater effectiveness than reference strain B. japonicum USDA 110 on soybean cultivars Clark and Jangbaekkong. On both of the soybean cultivars grown in a Hawaiian mollisol, the Korean B. japonicum isolate YCK 213 and USDA 110 were of equal effectiveness; USDA 110 was the superior strain in colonization (nodule occupancy). Korean isolates YCK 117 and YCK 141 were superior colonizers compared with USDA 110. However, B. japonicum USDA 123 was the superior colonizer compared with isolates YCK 213, YCK 141, and YCK 117. In an immunoblot analysis of 97 indigenous Korean isolates of B. japonicum, 41% fell into the USDA 110 and USDA 123 serogroups. Serogroups USDA 110 and USDA 123 were represented in six of the seven soils examined. In one Korean soil, 100% of the B. japonicum isolates reacted only with antisera of YCK 117, an isolate from the same soil. 相似文献
52.
Mitochondrial ROS‐induced ERK1/2 activation and HSF2‐mediated AT1R upregulation are required for doxorubicin‐induced cardiotoxicity
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Chih‐Yang Huang Jia‐Yi Chen Chia‐Hua Kuo Pei‐Ying Pai Tsung‐Jung Ho Tung‐Sheng Chen Fu‐Jen Tsai Vijaya V. Padma Wei‐Wen Kuo Chih‐Yang Huang 《Journal of cellular physiology》2018,233(1):463-475
Doxorubicin (DOX), one useful chemotherapeutic agent, is limited in clinical use because of its serious cardiotoxicity. Growing evidence suggests that angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) have cardioprotective effects in DOX‐induced cardiomyopathy. However, the detailed mechanisms underlying the action of ARBs on the prevention of DOX‐induced cardiomyocyte cell death have yet to be investigated. Our results showed that angiotensin II receptor type I (AT1R) plays a critical role in DOX‐induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. We found that MAPK signaling pathways, especially ERK1/2, participated in modulating AT1R gene expression through DOX‐induced mitochondrial ROS release. These results showed that several potential heat shock binding elements (HSE), which can be recognized by heat shock factors (HSFs), located at the AT1R promoter region. HSF2 markedly translocated from the cytoplasm to the nucleus when cardiomyocytes were damaged by DOX. Furthermore, the DNA binding activity of HSF2 was enhanced by DOX via deSUMOylation. Overexpression of HSF2 enhanced DOX‐induced cardiomyocyte cell death as well. Taken together, we found that DOX induced mitochondrial ROS release to activate ERK‐mediated HSF2 nuclear translocation and AT1R upregulation causing DOX‐damaged heart failure in vitro and in vivo. 相似文献
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55.
Fluorodensitometric evaluation of gentamicin from plasma and urine by high-performance thin-layer chromatography 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Chhanda P Bhogte V.B Patravale Padma V Devarajan 《Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences》1997,694(2):1246
High-performance thin-layer chromatographic (HPTLC) analysis of gentamicin by in situ fluorodensitometric evaluation of its 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole (NBD-Cl) derivative is presented. The aminoglycoside components separated on silica gel plates using chloroform–methanol–20% ammonium hydroxide (2.4:2.2:1.5, v/v/v) as the mobile phase were reacted with NB-Cl to yield highly fluorescent derivatives. The calibration curves of gentamicin in water, plasma and urine were linear in the range 40–200 ng. The mean values of intercept, slope and correlation coefficient were 16.82±0.473, 6.83±0.015 and 0.9968±0.0017 for standard curves in water, 17.35±0.375, 6.85±0.018 and 0.9941±0.0012 for standard curves in plasma and 14.35±0.286, 6.86±0.002 and 0.9933+0.0011 for standard curves in urine respectively. The analytical technique was validated for within-day and day-to-day variation. The results indicate that HPTLC, coupled with in situ fluorodensitometry, is a reliable and valuable technique for quantitative analysis of the bulk drug gentamicin and gentamicin from urine and plasma. 相似文献
56.
The present study evaluates freeze thaw as a simple approach for screening the most appropriate cryoprotectant. Freeze–thaw
study is based on the principle that an excipient, which protects nanoparticles during the first step of freezing, is likely
to be an effective cryoprotectant. Nanoparticles of rifampicin with high entrapment efficiency were prepared by the emulsion-solvent
diffusion method using dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate (AOT) as complexing agent and Gantrez AN-119 as polymer. Freeze–thaw
study was carried out using trehalose and fructose as cryoprotectants. The concentration of cryoprotectant, concentration
of nanoparticles in the dispersion, and the freezing temperature were varied during the freeze–thaw study. Cryoprotection
increased with increase in cryoprotectant concentration. Further, trehalose was superior to fructose at equivalent concentrations
and moreover permitted use of more concentrated nanosuspensions for freeze drying. Freezing temperature did not influence
the freeze–thaw study. Freeze-dried nanoparticles revealed good redispersibility with a size increase that correlated well
with the freeze–thaw study at 20% w/v trehalose and fructose. Transmission electron microscopy revealed round particles with a size ∼400 nm, which correlated with
photon correlation spectroscopic measurements. Differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction suggested amorphization
of rifampicin. Fourier transfer infrared spectroscopy could not confirm interaction of drug with AOT. Nanoparticles exhibited
sustained release of rifampicin, which followed diffusion kinetics. Nanoparticles of rifampicin were found to be stable for
12 months. The good correlation between freeze thaw and freeze drying suggests freeze–thaw study as a simple and quick approach
for screening optimal cryoprotectant for freeze drying. 相似文献
57.
58.
Padma Murthi Sophie Brouillet Anita Pratt Anthony Borg Bill Kalionis Frederic Goffin Vassilis Tsatsaris Carine Munaut Jean-Jacques Feige Mohamed Benharouga Thierry Fournier Nadia Alfaidy 《Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.)》2015,21(1):645-656
Idiopathic fetal growth restriction (FGR) is frequently associated with placental insufficiency. Previous reports have provided evidence that endocrine gland–derived vascular endothelial growth factor (EG-VEGF), a placental secreted protein, is expressed during the first trimester of pregnancy, controls both trophoblast proliferation and invasion, and its increased expression is associated with human FGR. In this study, we hypothesize that EG-VEGF-dependent changes in placental homeobox gene expressions contribute to trophoblast dysfunction in idiopathic FGR. The changes in EG-VEGF-dependent homeobox gene expressions were determined using a homeobox gene cDNA array on placental explants of 8–12 wks gestation after stimulation with EG-VEGF in vitro for 24 h. The homeobox gene array identified a greater-than-five-fold increase in HOXA9, HOXC8, HOXC10, HOXD1, HOXD8, HOXD9 and HOXD11, while NKX 3.1 showed a greater-than-two-fold decrease in mRNA expression compared with untreated controls. Homeobox gene NKX3.1 was selected as a candidate because it is a downstream target of EG-VEGF and its expression and functional roles are largely unknown in control and idiopathic FGR-affected placentae. Real-time PCR and immunoblotting showed a significant decrease in NKX3.1 mRNA and protein levels, respectively, in placentae from FGR compared with control pregnancies. Gene inactivation in vitro using short-interference RNA specific for NKX3.1 demonstrated an increase in BeWo cell differentiation and a decrease in HTR-8/SVneo proliferation. We conclude that the decreased expression of homeobox gene NKX3.1 downstream of EG-VEGF may contribute to the trophoblast dysfunction associated with idiopathic FGR pregnancies. 相似文献
59.
Inamdar SR Savanur MA Eligar SM Chachadi VB Nagre NN Chen C Barclays M Ingle A Mahajan P Borges A Shastry P Kalraiya RD Swamy BM Rhodes JM Yu LG 《Glycobiology》2012,22(9):1227-1235
Glycan array analysis of Sclerotium rolfsii lectin (SRL) revealed its exquisite binding specificity to the oncofetal Thomsen-Friedenreich (Galβ1-3GalNAcα-O-Ser/Thr, T or TF) antigen and its derivatives. This study shows that SRL strongly inhibits the growth of human colon cancer HT29 and DLD-1 cells by binding to cell surface glycans and induction of apoptosis through both the caspase-8 and -9 mediated signaling. SRL showed no or very weak binding to normal human colon tissues but strong binding to cancerous and metastatic tissues. Intratumor injection of SRL at subtoxic concentrations in NOD-SCID mice bearing HT29 xenografts resulted in total tumor regression in 9 days and no subsequent tumor recurrence. As the increased expression of TF-associated glycans is commonly seen in human cancers, SRL has the potential to be developed as a therapeutic agent for cancer. 相似文献
60.
Chen G Liu P Pattar GR Tackett L Bhonagiri P Strawbridge AB Elmendorf JS 《Molecular endocrinology (Baltimore, Md.)》2006,20(4):857-870
Evidence suggests that chromium supplementation may alleviate symptoms associated with diabetes, such as high blood glucose and lipid abnormalities, yet a molecular mechanism remains unclear. Here, we report that trivalent chromium in the chloride (CrCl3) or picolinate (CrPic) salt forms mobilize the glucose transporter, GLUT4, to the plasma membrane in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Concomitant with an increase in GLUT4 at the plasma membrane, insulin-stimulated glucose transport was enhanced by chromium treatment. In contrast, the chromium-mobilized pool of transporters was not active in the absence of insulin. Microscopic analysis of an exofacially Myc-tagged enhanced green fluorescent protein-GLUT4 construct revealed that the chromium-induced accumulation of GLUT4-containing vesicles occurred adjacent to the inner cell surface membrane. With insulin these transporters physically incorporated into the plasma membrane. Regulation of GLUT4 translocation by chromium did not involve known insulin signaling proteins such as the insulin receptor, insulin receptor substrate-1, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, and Akt. Consistent with a reported effect of chromium on increasing membrane fluidity, we found that chromium treatment decreased plasma membrane cholesterol. Interestingly, cholesterol add-back to the plasma membrane prevented the beneficial effect of chromium on both GLUT4 mobilization and insulin-stimulated glucose transport. Furthermore, chromium action was absent in methyl-beta-cyclodextrin-pretreated cells already displaying reduced plasma membrane cholesterol and increased GLUT4 translocation. Together, these data reveal a novel mechanism by which chromium may enhance GLUT4 trafficking and insulin-stimulated glucose transport. Moreover, these findings at the level of the cell are consistent with in vivo observations of improved glucose tolerance and decreased circulating cholesterol levels after chromium supplementation. 相似文献