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71.
Masa-aki Higuchi Dan D. Topiol Bilal Ahmed Hokuto Morita Samuel Carbunaru Christopher W. Hess Dawn Bowers Herbert E. Ward Lisa R. Warren Meredith M. DeFranco Michelle S. Troche Shankar J. Kulkarni Erin Hastings Kelly D. Foote Michael S. Okun Daniel Martinez-Ramirez 《PloS one》2015,10(12)
Objective
To investigate the relationship of our interdisciplinary screening process on post-operative unintended hospitalizations and quality of life.Background
There are currently no standardized criteria for selection of appropriate Deep Brain Stimulation candidates and little hard data exists to support the use of any singular method.Methods
An Essential Tremor cohort was selected from our institutional Deep Brain Stimulation database. The interdisciplinary model utilized seven specialties who pre-operatively screened all potential Deep Brain Stimulation candidates. Concerns for surgery raised by each specialty were documented and classified as none, minor, or major. Charts were reviewed to identify unintended hospitalizations and quality of life measurements at 1 year post-surgery.Results
Eighty-six percent (44/51) of the potential screened candidates were approved for Deep Brain Stimulation. Eight (18%) patients had an unintended hospitalization during the follow-up period. Patients with minor or major concerns raised by any specialty service had significantly more unintended hospitalizations when compared to patients without concerns (75% vs. 25%, p < 0.005). The rate of hospitalization revealed a direct relationship to the “level of concern”; ranging from 100% if major concerns, 42% if minor concerns, and 7% if no concerns raised, p = 0.001. Quality of life scores significantly worsened in patients with unintended hospitalizations at 6 (p = 0.046) and 12 months (p = 0.027) when compared to baseline scores. No significant differences in tremor scores between unintended and non-unintended hospitalizations were observed.Conclusions
The number and level of concerns raised during interdisciplinary Deep Brain Stimulation screenings were significantly related to unintended hospitalizations and to a reduced quality of life. The interdisciplinary evaluation may help to stratify risk for these complications. However, data should be interpreted with caution due to the limitations of our study. Further prospective comparative and larger studies are required to confirm our results. 相似文献72.
Mylarappa Ningappa Juhoon So Joseph Glessner Chethan Ashokkumar Sarangarajan Ranganathan Jun Min Brandon W. Higgs Qing Sun Kimberly Haberman Lori Schmitt Silvia Vilarinho Pramod K. Mistry Gerard Vockley Anil Dhawan George K. Gittes Hakon Hakonarson Ronald Jaffe Shankar Subramaniam Donghun Shin Rakesh Sindhi 《PloS one》2015,10(9)
Background & Aims
Altered extrahepatic bile ducts, gut, and cardiovascular anomalies constitute the variable phenotype of biliary atresia (BA).Methods
To identify potential susceptibility loci, Caucasian children, normal (controls) and with BA (cases) at two US centers were compared at >550000 SNP loci. Systems biology analysis was carried out on the data. In order to validate a key gene identified in the analysis, biliary morphogenesis was evaluated in 2-5-day post-fertilization zebrafish embryos after morpholino-antisense oligonucleotide knockdown of the candidate gene ADP ribosylation factor-6 (ARF6, Mo-arf6).Results
Among 39 and 24 cases at centers 1 and 2, respectively, and 1907 controls, which clustered together on principal component analysis, the SNPs rs3126184 and rs10140366 in a 3’ flanking enhancer region for ARF6 demonstrated higher minor allele frequencies (MAF) in each cohort, and 63 combined cases, compared with controls (0.286 vs. 0.131, P = 5.94x10-7, OR 2.66; 0.286 vs. 0.13, P = 5.57x10-7, OR 2.66). Significance was enhanced in 77 total cases, which included 14 additional BA genotyped at rs3126184 only (p = 1.58x10-2, OR = 2.66). Pathway analysis of the 1000 top-ranked SNPs in CHP cases revealed enrichment of genes for EGF regulators (p<1 x10-7), ERK/MAPK and CREB canonical pathways (p<1 x10-34), and functional networks for cellular development and proliferation (p<1 x10-45), further supporting the role of EGFR-ARF6 signaling in BA. In zebrafish embryos, Mo-arf6 injection resulted in a sparse intrahepatic biliary network, several biliary epithelial cell defects, and poor bile excretion to the gall bladder compared with uninjected embryos. Biliary defects were reproduced with the EGFR-blocker AG1478 alone or with Mo-arf6 at lower doses of each agent and rescued with arf6 mRNA.Conclusions
The BA-associated SNPs identify a chromosome 14q21.3 susceptibility locus encompassing the ARF6 gene. arf6 knockdown in zebrafish implicates early biliary dysgenesis as a basis for BA, and also suggests a role for EGFR signaling in BA pathogenesis. 相似文献73.
Sensory systems have mechanisms to respond to the external environment and adapt to them. Such adaptive responses are effective for a wide dynamic range of sensing and perception of temporal change in stimulus. However, noise generated by the adaptation system itself as well as extrinsic noise in sensory inputs may impose a limit on the ability of adaptation systems. The relation between response and noise is well understood for equilibrium systems in the form of fluctuation response relation. However, the relation for nonequilibrium systems, including adaptive systems, are poorly understood. Here, we systematically explore such a relation between response and fluctuation in adaptation systems. We study the two network motifs, incoherent feedforward loops (iFFL) and negative feedback loops (nFBL), that can achieve perfect adaptation. We find that the response magnitude in adaption systems is limited by its intrinsic noise, implying that higher response would have higher noise component as well. Comparing the relation of response and noise in iFFL and nFBL, we show that whereas iFFL exhibits adaptation over a wider parameter range, nFBL offers higher response to noise ratio than iFFL. We also identify the condition that yields the upper limit of response for both network motifs. These results may explain the reason of why nFBL seems to be more abundant in nature for the implementation of adaption systems. 相似文献
74.
Reuben Clements Darmaraj Mark Rayan Abdul Wahab Ahmad Zafir Arun Venkataraman Raymond Alfred Junaidi Payne Laurentius Ambu Dionysius Shankar Kumar Sharma 《Biodiversity and Conservation》2010,19(4):1115-1136
Three of Malaysia’s endangered large mammal species are experiencing contrasting futures. Populations of the Sumatran rhino
(Dicerorhinus sumatrensis) have dwindled to critically low numbers in Peninsular Malaysia (current estimates need to be revised) and the state of Sabah
(less than 40 individuals estimated). In the latter region, a bold intervention involving the translocation of isolated rhinos
is being developed to concentrate them into a protected area to improve reproduction success rates. For the Asian elephant
(Elephas maximus), recently established baselines for Peninsular Malaysia (0.09 elephants/km2 estimated from one site) and Sabah (between 0.56 and 2.15 elephants/km2 estimated from four sites) seem to indicate globally significant populations based on dung count surveys. Similar surveys
are required to monitor elephant population trends at these sites and to determine baselines elsewhere. The population status
of the Malayan tiger (Panthera tigris jacksoni) in Peninsular Malaysia, however, remains uncertain as only a couple of scientifically defensible camera-trapping surveys
(1.66 and 2.59 tigers/100 km2 estimated from two sites) have been conducted to date. As conservation resources are limited, it may be prudent to focus
tiger monitoring and protection efforts in priority areas identified by the National Tiger Action Plan for Malaysia. Apart
from reviewing the conservation status of rhinos, elephants and tigers and threats facing them, we highlight existing and
novel conservation initiatives, policies and frameworks that can help secure the long-term future of these iconic species
in Malaysia. 相似文献
75.
Girijavallabhan VM Chen L Dai C Feltz RJ Firmansjah L Li D Kim SH Kozlowski JA Lavey BJ Kosinski A Piwinski JJ Popovici-Muller J Rizvi R Rosner KE Shankar BB Shih NY Siddiqui MA Tong L Wong MK Yang DY Yang L Yu W Zhou G Guo Z Orth P Madison V Bian H Lundell D Niu X Shah H Sun J Umland S 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2010,20(24):7283-7287
Our research on hydantoin based TNF-α converting enzyme (TACE) inhibitors has led to an acetylene containing series that demonstrates sub-nanomolar potency (K(i)) as well as excellent activity in human whole blood. These studies led to the discovery of highly potent TACE inhibitors with good DMPK profiles. 相似文献
76.
Jatinder Kaur Mukker Valeriya Kotlyarova Ravi Shankar Prasad Singh Jane Alcorn 《Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences》2010,878(30):3076-3082
We report a rapid and simple HPLC method with fluorescence detection for the quantification of the major flaxseed lignan, secoisolarisiresinol diglucoside (SDG) and its major metabolites. The method is specific for SDG, secoisolarisiresinol (SECO), enterodiol (ED) and entrolactone (EL) in rat serum. The assay procedure involves chromatographic separation using a Waters Symmetry C18 reversed-phase column (4.6 mm × 150 mm, 5 μm) and mobile phase gradient conditions consisting of acetonitrile (0.1% formic acid) and water (0.1% formic acid). SDG extraction from serum requires the use of Centrifuge filters while SECO, ED and EL are extracted with diethyl ether. The organic layer is evaporated and reconstituted in 100 μL of mobile phase and 50 μL of reconstituted sample or filtrate is injected onto the column. Total run time is 25 min. Calibration curves are linear (r2 ≥ 0.997) from 0.05 to 10 μg/mL for SDG and EL and 0.01–10 μg/mL for SECO and ED. Precision and accuracy are within USFDA specified limits. The stability of all lignans is established in auto-injector, bench-top, freeze–thaw and long-term stability at −80 °C for 30 days. The method's reasonable sensitivity and reliance on more widely available HPLC technology should allow for its straightforward application to pharmacokinetic evaluations of lignans in animal model systems such as the rat. 相似文献
77.
The present study investigates the efficiency of Aspergillus niger to produce invertase, an industrially important enzyme by using powdered stem of Cympopogan caecius (Lemon grass) as sole substrate and sole carbon source for the microorganism. The molecular weight of invertase was estimated
to be 66–70 kDa by sodium do decyl sulphate poly acrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS PAGE). The production of the enzyme was
studied at different pH scales ranging from pH 4.0 to 7.0 at a constant temperature of 30°C and 2% substrate concentration.
The maximum production of invertase (specific activity −0.0516 μk/mg protein) was obtained at pH 5.5 at 30°C temperature,
and incubation for 48 h. The activity was found to be stable at pH 5.5 for 30 min. The enzyme was found to be stable in the
temperature range of 20–55°C. The effect of divalent metal ions Cu2+, Fe2+, Co2+ on the activity of the enzyme invertase showed that these ions affected the activity by a certain factor. The study can be
further industrially exploited in a country-like India where lemon grass is found in plenty and can be used as substrate for
enzyme production. Moreover, the preparation of the substrate is also a simple process. 相似文献
78.
Crude xylanase from Aspergillus sydowii SBS 45 was tested for enzymatic bleaching of kraft (Decker) pulp. After optimization of three parameters, consistency of pulp, retention time and enzyme dose, considerable increase in the release of UV and visible absorbance spectra of materials and reducing sugars was observed, which clearly indicated the action of xylanase on pulp. Final brightness of pulp was increased from 29.42 to 70.42% and kappa number was reduced from 15.93 to 1.61, when 25 U of xylanase was given with a retention time of 5 h and at a consistency of 10%. When 10 U g−1 xylanase was given, 14.3% elemental chlorine and 14.3% H2O2 could be reduced and when 25 U g−1 xylanase was given 14.3% elemental chlorine and 28.6% H 2O2 could be reduced thereby retaining the brightness at control level. 相似文献
79.
Ravi?Shankar?PiskaEmail author A.?Madhusudhan?Rao 《Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries》2005,15(3):167-173
The present study deals with the impact of juvenile stocking sizes of the major carp on production in a minor reservoir, Bibinagar,
Nalgonda, India. Reservoir surface area equaled over 23.8 ha and water from the reservoir was used for irrigation and fisheries.
Four experiments were conducted for 4 years from 2000–2001 to 2003–2004. The experiments were planned in such a way that every
year juvenile stocking size was held constant and subsequent fish production analyzed. During the first year’s experiment
(2000–2001) a stocking size of 25–30 mm (fry) was maintained. Similarly 50–55 (advanced fry), 75–80 mm (fingerling) and 100–105 mm
(advanced fingerling) were stocked during 2001–2002, 2002–2003 and 2003–2004 respectively. Uniform yearly stocking densities
(2000/ha) were established in each experiment in the month of July and fish were harvested in June of the subsequent year.
Major carp production was enhanced with larger stocking size. Yearly productions equaled 144.00, 231.48, 632.91 and 1005.03 kg/ha/year
with the above stocking sizes. Variation in stocking sizes had significant (P<0.05) effects on fish production. The number of fish per kg production decreased gradually with increases in stocking size
with an average value of 3.97. Reservoir production of catla was the most abundant species, followed by rohu, common carp,
mrigal and grass carp. These results show that stocking size has a great impact on fish production and the stocking of advanced
fingerlings will provide maximum carp production in minor reservoirs in India. 相似文献
80.
Sanjit K. Roy Shivam Srivastava Andrew Hancock Anju Shrivastava Jason Morvant Sharmila Shankar Rakesh K. Srivastava 《Journal of cellular and molecular medicine》2023,27(3):365-378
Growth is crucially controlled by the functional ribosomes available in cells. To meet the enhanced energy demand, cancer cells re-wire and increase their ribosome biogenesis. The RNA-binding protein PNO1, a ribosome assembly factor, plays an essential role in ribosome biogenesis. The purpose of this study was to examine whether PNO1 can be used as a biomarker for lung adenocarcinoma and also examine the molecular mechanisms by which PNO1 knockdown by CRISPR/Cas9 inhibited growth and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). The expression of PNO1 was significantly higher in lung adenocarcinoma compared to normal lung tissues. PNO1 expression in lung adenocarcinoma patients increased with stage, nodal metastasis, and smoking. Lung adenocarcinoma tissues from males expressed higher PNO1 than those from females. Furthermore, lung adenocarcinoma tissues with mutant Tp53 expressed higher PNO1 than those with wild-type Tp53, suggesting the influence of Tp53 status on PNO1 expression. PNO1 knockdown inhibited cell viability, colony formation, and EMT, and induced apoptosis. Since dysregulated signalling through the Notch receptors promotes lung adenocarcinoma, we measured the effects of PNO1 inhibition on the Notch pathway. PNO1 knockdown inhibited Notch signalling by suppressing the expression of Notch receptors, their ligands, and downstream targets. PNO1 knockdown also suppressed CCND1, p21, PTGS-2, IL-1α, IL-8, and CXCL-8 genes. Overall, our data suggest that PNO1 can be used as a diagnostic biomarker, and also can be an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma. 相似文献