Chemical Constituents from the Seeds of Ziziphus jujuba var. Spinosa (Bunge) Hu

To search for new and bioactive minor components from traditional Chinese medicines, a new compound, named jujuphenoside (1), was isolated from the seeds of Ziziphusjujuba var. spinosa (Bunge)Hu. The structure of jujuphenoside was elucidated by spectral and chemical methods, particularly twodimensional nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. Together with the new compound, 22 known compounds were also isolated and identified from the seeds of Z. jujuba var. spinosa, among which, epiceanothic acid (2) was first obtained from natural resources, whereas compounds 7-16 were first obtained from this plant.     

转反义蜡质基因水稻亲本后代性状分析

以单质粒转化的粳稻广粳一号和双质粒共转化的籼稻01早5202所获得的转反义蜡质基因水稻后代为供试材料, 通过潮霉素抗性、PCR检测等手段分析了外源基因的遗传分离特性, 同时, 还分析了转基因材料的直链淀粉含量、waxy蛋白含量的变化特性。结果表明, 无论是采用标记基因(hpt)与目的基因(Anti-sense waxy)连锁的单质粒转化, 还是采用双质粒共转化, 其供试的后代植株材料都发生了外源基因分离现象, 且转基因植株材料的直链淀粉含量都有所下降, 有些单株的直链淀粉含量已降至10%(质量百分比)以下, 远低于对照(其直链淀粉含量为22.04%); SDS-PAGE检测结果显示, 供试的转基因材料的waxy蛋白的含量与对应的直链淀粉含量呈正相关性。     

大鼠Y染色体探针的制备与鉴定

目的:研究制备地高辛标记的大鼠性别决定基因Y区(Y染色体,SRY)探针,用于检测雄性大鼠来源的细胞在雌性受鼠体内的SRY基因表达情况.方法:按已知的雄性大鼠Y染色体上性别决定基因(SRY)的序列,请上海博亚公司合成oligoDNA,采用PCR技术连接并扩增,地高辛标记的方法制备基因探针.以雌性大鼠为对照,原位杂交法检测大鼠肾组织切片Y染色体阳性细胞情况.结果:用原位杂交法证实在雄性大鼠肾脏内有SRY表达,而雌性大鼠肾脏无Y染色体阳性细胞,证实这种探针具有较高的敏感性和特异性.结论:大鼠性别决定基因SRY探针的制备成功,为进一步研究异体雄性大鼠细胞移植后的分布和表达提供了实验基础.     

基于灰色三角白化权集对分析模型的喀斯特山区农业生态环境脆弱性评价

生态脆弱性一直是全球变化与可持续发展研究的热点问题,研究农业生态环境脆弱性问题有利于合理利用区域农业资源,提出有效的农业生态环境保护措施。针对农业生态环境脆弱性评价未考虑不同评价级别内各指标之间同、异、反关系,本研究基于灰色三角白化权集对分析(SPA)模型,从生态环境外在脆弱性方面选择人口密度、人均耕地面积、人均造林面积等11个评价指标,对喀斯特山区农业生态环境脆弱性进行评价。结果表明: 研究区农业生态环境比较脆弱,以极度、高度和中度脆弱度为主;极度、高度、中度、轻度和微度农业生态环境脆弱区比例分别为32.4%、14.1%、17.7%、23.6%和12.2%;评价结果与研究区域农业生态环境脆弱性实际状况相符。说明以灰色三角白化权SPA模型评价农业生态环境脆弱性具有可行性,可为农业生态环境脆弱性评价提供一种新的方法和思路。     

荔枝蝽田间种群消长动态及空间分布型研究

对海南省儋州地区荔枝园中荔枝蝽Tessaratoma papillosa(Drury)种群动态及空间分布进行了系统调查与分析。结果表明,在2005—2006与2008—2009年期间,荔枝蝽的产卵高峰期分别为4月与2月,若虫高峰期为3月,成虫高峰期分别为4月及7月;分析表明荔枝蝽各虫态在荔枝园中均为聚集分布,且成虫个体间相互排斥。     

北京血站献血员戊型肝炎流行病学调查

为了解献血员戊型肝炎感染情况,对2002年7～8月向北京市血液中心义务献血的所有人员进行整群抽样并抽血,应用ELISA检测戊型肝炎病毒(HEV)IgG的感染率.结果发现:北京献血员HEV IgG总感染率为26.59%,性别、年龄、省份分布存在着差别,男性比女性感染率高,年龄越大感染率越高,来自高感染省份者感染率也高,但ALT与HEV IgG感染无关.因此,男性、年龄大、来自高感染省份具有较高的HEV感染风险,进一步研究献血员的亚临床感染对HEV的输血安全性具有重要意义.     

Endoscopic Biopsy in Gastrointestinal Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: A Retrospective Study

Background

Gastrointestinal neuroendocrine neoplasms (GI-NENs) are often located in the deep mucosa or submucosa, and the efficacy of endoscopic biopsy for diagnosis and treatment of GI-NENs is not fully understood.

Objective

The current study analyzed GI-NENs, especially those diagnosed pathologically and resected endoscopically, and focused on the biopsy and cold biopsy forceps polypectomy (CBP) to analyze their roles in diagnosing and treating GI-NENs.

Methods

Clinical data of all GI-NENs were reviewed from January 2006 to March 2012. Histopathology was used to diagnose GI-NENs, which were confirmed by immunohistochemistry.

Results

67.96% GI-NENs were diagnosed pathologically by endoscopy. Only 26.21% were diagnosed pathologically by biopsies before treatment. The diagnostic rate was significantly higher in polypoid (76.47%) and submucosal lesions (68.75%), than in ulcerative lesions (12.00%). However, biopsies were only taken in 56.31% patients, including 51.52% of polypoid lesions, 35.56% of submucosal lesions and 100.00% of ulcerative lesions. Endoscopic resection removed 61.76% of GI-NENs, including six by CBP, 14 by snare polypectomy with electrocauterization, 28 by endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and 15 by endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). 51.52% polypoid GI-NENs had infiltrated the submucosa under microscopic examination. CBP had a significantly higher rate of remnant (33.33%) than snare polypectomy with electrocauterization, EMR and ESD (all 0.00%).

Conclusions

Biopsies for all polypoid and submucosal lesions will improve pre-operative diagnosis. The high rate of submucosal infiltration of polypoid GI-NENs determined that CBP was inadequate in the treatment of GI-NENs. Diminutive polypoid GI-NENs that disappeared after CBP had a high risk of remnant and should be closely followed up over the long term.     

微创式治疗胆囊结石并胆总管结石的临床研究

目的：探讨腹腔镜与十二指肠镜联合治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石的临床应用价值。方法：74例胆囊结合并胆总管结石患者随机分为EST＋LC组（44例）和OC＋OCHTD组（30例）,其中EST＋LC组行十二指肠镜Oddi括约肌切开术（EST）加腹腔镜下胆囊切除术（LC）,OC＋OCHTD组行开腹胆囊切除术（OC）加胆总管切开取石T管引流术（OCHTD）,比较两组手术过程、术后恢复、并发症情况等。结果：①EST＋LC组手术时间长于OC＋OCHTD组,切口长度与术中出血量少于OC＋OCHTD组（P〈0.01或0.05）。②EST＋LC组手术成功率90.91%,取石成功率100%,OC＋OCHTD组手术成功率100%,取石成功率93.33%,两组间差异无显著性（P〉0.05）。③EST＋LC组镇痛药使用率低于OC＋OCHTD组,术后引流时间、肠鸣音恢复时间、肛门排气时间和平均住院时间短于OC＋OCHTD组（P〈0.01或0.05）。④EST＋LC组与OC＋OCHTD组均并发症少,无结石复发。结论：十二指肠镜Oddi括约肌切开术联合加腹腔镜下胆囊切除术治疗胆囊结石和胆总管结石具有创伤小、恢复快、并发症少、住院时间短等优势,值得进一步临床推广。     

Perfect Terahertz Absorption with Graphene Surface Plasmons in the Modified Otto Configuration

Perfect terahertz (THz) absorption in the modified Otto configuration with the insertion of monolayer graphene sheet has been numerically demonstrated. This perfect absorption originates from the enhancement of the electrical field owing to the excitation of the transverse magnetic (TM) polarized surface plasmons at the interface of two dielectrics with monolayer graphene. It is found that the absorption peak occurs at the specific incident angles, which can be employed for realizing the angular absorbers. We further demonstrate that the angle of the peak absorption and the corresponding wavelength can be manipulated by changing the Fermi energy of monolayer graphene sheet via electrostatic biasing. Moreover, the behaviors of the perfect absorption are strongly dependent on the dielectric constants and thicknesses of the surrounding dielectrics.