RNA聚合酶Ⅱ启动子调控RNA 干扰在肿瘤治疗中的应用前景

RNA干扰是双链RNA介导的特异性转录后基因表达沉默现象.由于双链小干扰RNA介导的RNA干扰技术设计简便、作用迅速、效果明显,目前已被广泛应用于基因功能和重大疾病治疗的研究,尤其为肿瘤治疗提供了一条新途径.利用RNA干扰技术通过调节肿瘤发生发展相关基因的表达可制定出一系列有效的抗癌策略.然而在现行大多数策略中往往采用不可调控的RNA聚合酶Ⅲ启动子(H1,U6)表达经典的发夹结构RNA,经由Dicer酶切割成功能性siRNA,因此缺乏组织细胞靶向性和抗癌效率.最新研究表明,采用RNA聚合酶Ⅱ启动子可弥补由RNA聚合酶Ⅲ启动子调控RNA干扰缺陷和不足.此外,运用病毒载体特别是具有靶向和溶瘤效应的肿瘤特异性复制腺病毒,介导RNA聚合酶Ⅱ启动子调控表达siRNA有望成为更有效的治疗手段.     

甜瓜幼苗生长及光合特性与育苗基质pH相关性研究

以新疆厚皮甜瓜皇后为试材,在泥炭珍珠岩复合基质中,按一定比例加入CaCO3,构成pH梯度值分别为5.0、5.5、6.0、6.5、7.0、7.5和8.0的7种基质类型,研究了基质pH对甜瓜幼苗生长及其光合特性的影响。结果表明,基质酸碱性对甜瓜幼苗的光合特性、根系活力、单株叶面积、根系和地上部干物重都产生显著影响,酸性和微酸性基质(pH<6.0)时,幼苗叶片叶绿体超微结构发生降解,叶绿素堆积,叶片净光合速率下降,单株叶面积减小,根和地上部干重降低;pH为6.0～7.0的各处理在叶面积以及根和地上部干重指标上,F检验不显著;pH>7.0的微碱性和碱性基质虽然对幼苗产生不利影响,但与pH<6.0的处理比较,其影响要小些。鉴于此,甜瓜幼苗生长的基质pH范围为6.0～7.0,偏碱不会对幼苗产生严重的生理障碍。采用CaCO3调节基质pH时,最佳调节范围为pH6.0～6.5。     

海湾扇贝衣原体样生物超微结构观察

对海湾扇贝生长不同阶段的样品进行了透射电镜观察,在样品消化腺上皮细胞内发现类衣原体感染。该类衣原体具有原体、网状体和中间体等典型发育阶段,原体个体小而致密,网状体大而疏松,以等体积分裂进行繁殖。在细胞质内形成单层膜包被的包涵体,包涵体发育晚期破裂,宿主细胞崩解,衣原体逸出。衣原体感染可导致细胞核变形,染色质凝聚,内质网核糖体脱落,线粒体内嵴消失。     

四川中亚热带扁刺栲-华木荷群系不同演替阶段林内小气候的比较

 对四川瓦屋山地区扁刺栲(Castanopsis platyacantha)-华木荷(Schima sinense)群系不同演替阶段（灌木、10年和40年生扁刺栲-华木荷群落）的林内小气候进行了连续2年的定位观测研究。主要结果是：40年生的扁刺栲-华木荷群落内的地温、空气温度、相对湿度、光照强度和降雨等气候指标的数量大小及其变幅最低,10年生的次之,灌丛的最大。这些结果暗示了扁刺栲-华木荷群落在恢复演替过程中,随着植被的发育和各层次结构的完善,林内小气候环境朝着更为阴、凉、冷、湿的环境演进,且其波动性减弱,     

CLONING AND EXPRESSION OF SPODOPTERA LITURA UBIQUITIN GENE

Abstract Ubiquitin (UBI) plays a very important role in regulated non-lysosomal ATP dependent protein degradation. In the present work, the coding sequence of Spodoptera litura UBI gene was isolated (GenBank Accession No. AF436066). The length of this ORF is 228bp, encoding a protein with Mr of 8.56 kD and isoelectric point of 6.56. Multiple sequence alignment indicated that S. litura UBI is very similar to the homologous proteins of other eukaryotic species and it has 84% identity with S. litura nucleopolyhedrovirus (SpltMNPV) UBI at amino acid level. RT-PCR analysis showed that S. litura UBI gene is ubiquitously expressed in larva tissues which are susceptible to SpltMNPV infection. By constructing E. coli expression vector, S. litura UBI was highly expressed and the recombinant protein was purified using Ni-NTA resin column, and currently further study on the function of S. litura UBI in SpltMNPV infection is underway.     

Genetic analysis and mapping of gene fzp(t) controlling spikelet differentiation in rice

A mutant of spikelet differentiation in rice called frizzle panicle (fzp) was discovered in the progeny of a cross between Oryza sativa ssp. indica cv. V20B and cv. Hua1B. The mutant exhibits normal plant morphology but has apparently fewer tillers. The most striking change in fzp is that its spikelet differentiation is completely blocked, with unlimited subsequent rachis branches generated from the positions where spikelets normally develop in wild-type plants. Genetic analysis suggests that fzp is controlled by a single recessive gene, which is temporarily named fzp (t). Based on its mutant phenotype, fzp (t) represents a key gene controlling spikelet differentiation. Some F2 mutant plants derived from various genetic background appeared as the "middle type", suggesting that the action of fzp (t) is influenced by the presence of redundant, modifier or interactive genes. By using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and bulked segregant analysis (BSA) method, fzp (t) gene was mapped in the terminal region of the long arm of chromosome 7, with RM172 and RM248 on one side, 3.2 cM and 6.4 cM from fzp (t), and RM18 and RM234 on the other side, 23.1 cM and 26.3 cM from fzp(t), respectively. These results will facilitate the positional cloning and function studies of the gene.     

Cloning, mapping and mutation analysis of human gene GJB5 encoding gap junction protein b-5

By homologous EST searching and nested PCR a new human gene GJB5encoding gap junction protein b-5 was identified. GJB5 was genetically mapped to human chromosome 1p33-p35 by FISH. RT-PCR revealed that it was expressed in skin, placenta and fetal skin. DNA sequencing of GJB5 was carried out in 142 patients with sensorineural hearing impairment and probands of 36 families with genetic diseases, including erythrokeratodermia (5 families), Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (13), ptosis (4), and retinitis pigmentosa and deafness (14). Two missense mutations (686A→G, H229R; 25C→T, L9F) were detected in two sensorineural hearing impairment families. A heterologous deletion of 18 bp within intron was found in 3 families with heredity hearing impairment, and in one of the 3 families, a missense mutation (R265P) was identified also. But the deletion and missense mutation seemed not segregating with hearing impairment in the family. No abnormal mRNA or mRNA expression was detected in deletion carriers by RT-PCR analysis in skin tissue. Mutation analysis in 199 unaffected individuals revealed that two of them were carriers with the same 18 bp deletion.     

应用涂染技术研究人和猕猴染色体的同源性

用２４种人类染色体探针对人和猕猴Ｇ－显带染色体进行涂染。结果显示：人类所有染色体在猕猴的染色体组里都有其同源染色体或染色体片段。     

广西早泥盆世节甲鱼类及胴甲鱼类化石及华南早泥盆世脊椎动物生物地层对比

描述了早泥盆世的3个属种,其中节甲鱼类Yujiangolepisliujingensisgen．etsp.nov.采自广西六景,Buchanosteussp．及胴甲鱼类？Chuchinolepissp.采自广西玉林。该3件标本均产自海相地层中,与海相无脊椎动物化石共生。还讨论了华南区几个主要产脊椎动物化石（包括脊椎动物微体化石）剖面的生物地层对比。     

病毒诱导的基因沉默技术用于植物色素代谢机制的研究进展

色彩是评价园艺植物观赏性状的重要指标,而植物色素是影响植物色彩表型的关键因子。植物色素及其代谢产物在植物观赏器官颜色形成、植株生长发育调节及对逆境胁迫的响应等方面发挥着重要的作用,是植物研究领域长期关注的热点问题。病毒诱导基因沉默(virus-induced gene silencing,VIGS)是利用植物同源依赖性防御机制,特异性降低宿主内源性基因表达的一种重要基因组学工具,能够通过快速诱导植物基因沉默表型的产生,表征基因的功能,为缺乏遗传转化体系的植物的基因功能鉴定提供高效可行的替代方案。本文综述了VIGS技术在植物色素的生物合成、降解和调控机制上的应用现状,并探讨了VIGS技术在探究色素调控机制上的潜力和未来前景,以期进一步完善对不同植物色素的代谢过程和调控机制的理解,为改良植物色彩性状提供参考依据。