遮光处理对观赏栀子氮、磷、钾分配与生长的影响

为探究观赏栀子在不同遮光条件下生长和光合及氮、磷、钾(N、P、K)分配的规律,该研究对3种观赏栀子设置5种不同的遮光处理(0%、60%、70%、80%、90%),通过对观赏栀子的生长和光合及各器官N、P、K含量进行统计与分析,探究了不同遮光处理对观赏栀子栽植效果的影响。结果表明:(1)60%和0%遮光率的大花栀子、80%和70%遮光率的雀舌栀子、0%遮光率的花叶栀子均长势较好。(2)随着遮光率的增加,雀舌栀子和花叶栀子的净光合速率、胞间CO₂浓度、蒸腾速率逐渐降低,气孔导度、水分瞬时利用率在遮光率60%下达到最大值。(3)大花栀子总N量最高,器官含N量高低排序为叶、根、茎; 雀舌栀子总P量最高,器官含P量排序为根、茎、叶; 大花栀子在90%遮光率下含K量最高。综合考虑认为,雀舌栀子更耐荫蔽,适合在80%和70%的遮光条件下生长; 大花栀子次之,适合在60%和0%遮光条件下生长; 花叶栀子最不耐荫,适合在0%遮光条件下生长。     

中药博物馆数字化与科普的实践与思考

近年来,随着中医药博物馆数字化的普遍应用,馆藏文物及标本的保护能力得到了有效提高。同时,通过多媒体手段将中药馆藏及展陈标本数字化成果应用到中医药科普实践中,激发了大众对中医药传统文化的兴趣,更好地推动了中医药文化的普及。该研究以重庆市中药博物馆运用数字化开展中药科普为例,阐述了中药博物馆如何利用数字化创新中药科普工作,探讨了中药博物馆的数字化平台建设方向和数字化建设成果的科普应用方式以及中医药科普的后续方向,对促进中医药文化传播及扩大中药文化的普及力与影响力具有重要意义。该研究认为只有不断应用科技手段,逐步推动中药博物馆数字化、网络化,让中医药文化的传播不受空间和时间的限制,真正实现中药资源网络共享,才能促使中药博物馆与时俱进,充分发挥弘扬中医药文化的科普阵地作用。     

灰茶尺蠖成虫触角及幼虫头部感器超微结构

【目的】明确灰茶尺蠖Ectropis grisescens成虫触角及幼虫头部感器的种类、形态、数量和分布,以探讨灰茶尺蠖的行为机制。【方法】利用扫描电镜技术观察灰茶尺蠖雌、雄成虫触角和5龄幼虫头部感器的超微结构。【结果】灰茶尺蠖成虫触角上分布有8种感器,分别是栓锥形感器、耳形感器、毛形感器(Ⅰ-Ⅳ)、B?hm氏鬃毛、腔锥形感器(Ⅰ和Ⅱ)、鳞形感器、锥形感器(Ⅰ和Ⅱ)和刺形感器。其中,栓锥形感器仅分布在雌蛾触角上,耳形感器、毛形感器(STⅠ-Ⅲ)仅分布在雄虫触角上。5龄幼虫触角上着生1个栓锥形感器、1个锥形感器和2个刺形感器;上唇着生有6对刺形感器,内唇着生有3对刺形感器和1对指形感器;上颚基部外侧着生有2个刺形感器;下颚及下颚须着生有5个刺形感器、9个锥形感器和2个栓锥形感器;下唇须着生有1个锥形感器和1个刺形感器;吐丝器前端着生有1对刺形感器。【结论】灰茶尺蠖雌、雄成虫触角感器存在性二型性,且雄虫上感器种类和数量较多,据此推测雄虫感受寄主植物或性信息素的能力较强;幼虫头部感器具有嗅觉和味觉功能,在其判断食物的种类和适应性等生态行为中发挥重要作用。     

Effects of catalpol on bronchial asthma and its relationship with cytokines

An animal (BALB/c mice) model of catalpol associated with bronchial asthma in vivo was established, and the effects of catalpol and its relationship with cytokines were investigated. A total of 30 adult BALB/c mice were randomly divided into a positive control group, a model group, and a catalpol group, with 10 mice in each group. The lung function of mice, the cell count, and the cytokine concentrations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were detected. The levels of cytokines [interleukin 4 (IL-4), interleukin 5 (IL5), and interferon gamma (IFN-γ)] in BALF were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay methods. The total number of cells in the BALF of the group treated with catalpol was significantly lower than the model group. After treatment with catalpol, the eosinophils and neutrophils of the mice were remarkably reduced compared with the model group. The malondialdehyde content in the lung tissue homogenate of the mice was also decreased in the catalpol group. The cytokines IL-5 and IL-4 exhibited a similar tendency: the concentrations of IL-4 and IL-5 for the catalpol group were dramatically decreased compared with the model group. However, the IFN-γ concentration for the catalpol group was higher than the model group. The results indicated that IL-5 may involve in the pathologic process of asthma-like IL-4, and an inflammatory reaction may still exist in the airway during the remission stage of asthma. The imbalances of the cytokine network might be an important molecular basis in the asthma pathogenesis. It is suggested that catalpol may be a potential drug for the clinical treatment of asthma.     

基于Bioperl实现远程自动获取抗逆基因序列

BioPerl对于现今大量的生物数据来说,具有很好的获取和处理能力,并且NCBI提供了可以直接访问它下属的Entrez数据库（包括PubMed）的编程接口,即E-Utilities。为了从NCBI中自动获取大量抗逆基因序列,使得生物抗逆基因二次数据库得以搭建,该文基于BioPerl设计了远程自动获取大量抗逆基因序列的程序。此程序灵巧、精悍,Perl语言强大的文本处理功能使程序能实现不同类型基因序列的远程获取。     

均时作用——一个常见但不易识别的埋葬学现象

生物化石群落在埋葬过程中普遍经历了均时作用的过程。正是这种作用导致了同一生态环境域,但不同时期生物组合相混合的结果。因此,这种化石群落可能为一个连续演化群落的不同阶段的混合体,也可能是环境连续演化过程中不同生态群落的混合组合,这样的化石组合所记录的古生物学信息非常复杂。因此,对化石累积过程中的均时作用的清晰了解,将非常有助于古生物群落的分类学、居群动力学、埋葬学、古生态学、演化古生物学,甚至地层学研究精度的提高。文章根据前人的研究,扼要介绍和讨论均时作用的概念、过程、程度、效应和判别,及受均时作用影响的化石组合的分类。     

Modulation of lncRNA H19 enhances resveratrol‐inhibited cancer cell proliferation and migration by regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress

The phytoalexin resveratrol exhibits anti‐tumour activity in many types of cancer. In this study, we showed that resveratrol suppressed the survival of gastric tumour cells both in vivo and in vitro. Resveratrol promoted apoptosis, autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in a dose‐dependent manner. RNA‐seq analysis showed that multiple cell death signalling pathways were activated after resveratrol treatment, while the use of ER stress activators (tunicamycin and thapsigargin) in combinatorial with resveratrol led to further inhibition of cancer cell survival. Results also showed that resveratrol altered the expression of several long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs), including MEG3, PTTG3P, GAS5, BISPR, MALAT1 and H19. Knockdown of H19 in resveratrol‐treated cells further enhanced the effects of resveratrol on apoptosis, ER stress and cell cycle S‐phase arrest. Furthermore, the migratory ability of resveratrol‐treated cells was dramatically decreased after H19 knockdown. In conclusion, resveratrol inhibited cancer cell survival, while knockdown of lncRNA H19 resulted in increased sensitivity to resveratrol therapy.     

预防造影剂肾病水化时机选择的Meta分析

目的 评价预防造影剂肾病(CIN)不同口服水化时机选择的效果,为降低CIN发生率提供依据.方法 运用计算机检索PubMed、EMbase、The Cochrane Library、中国知网、万方数据库、维普数据库以及中国生物医学文献数据库关于口服水化预防造影剂肾病的随机对照试验(RCT),检索时间从建库至2020年9月...     

四吡咯化合物生物合成研究进展

四吡咯化合物是存在于生物体中一类具有重要功能的化合物,已经广泛应用于农业、食品和医药等领域.由于化学合成法的烦琐流程和高昂成本以及动植物提取法存在品质不均一等缺点,大幅度限制了其工业化生产与相关应用.近年来,合成生物学的快速发展为微生物利用可再生生物质资源高效合成四吡咯化合物提供了新的技术手段.针对四吡咯化合物生物合成...     

基于β-微管蛋白基因部分序列探讨灵芝属菌株的亲缘关系

PCR分别扩增了38个灵芝属菌株的β-微管蛋白基因片段,并对PCR产物进行序列测定,得到419bp的一段核苷酸系列.根据MEGA 2.1软件中的neighbour-joining methods对上述序列进行聚类分析,结果所有供试菌株被分成9个聚类组.中国栽培灵芝菌株分布于6个聚类组,其中树舌亚属、紫芝组的菌株各自聚成一组,灵芝组的菌株分成四组,但大部分灵芝组菌株均聚于同一组, 这表明树舌亚属、紫芝组和灵芝组间的遗传差异较大,灵芝组内虽然存在着一定的遗传差异,但总体上亲缘关系比较近,遗传多样性并不丰富.同时,序列分析的结果显示,β-tubulin基因序列在第三位密码子和内含子部位有高的碱基替换率,这些变异提供了丰富的系统发育信息,提示β-tubulin基因适合于灵芝属菌株的亲缘关系研究.