A component of green tea, (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate, promotes apoptosis in T24 human bladder cancer cells via modulation of the PI3K/Akt pathway and Bcl-2 family proteins

Bladder cancer is the fourth most common cancer in men and ninth most common in women. It has a protracted course of progression and is thus an ideal candidate for chemoprevention strategies and trials. This study was conducted to evaluate the chemopreventive/antiproliferative potential of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG, the major phytochemical in green tea) against bladder cancer and its mechanism of action. Using the T24 human bladder cancer cell line, we found that EGCG treatment caused dose- and time-dependent inhibition of cellular proliferation and cell viability, and induced apoptosis. Mechanistically, EGCG inhibits phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase/Akt activation that, in turn, results in modulation of Bcl-2 family proteins, leading to enhanced apoptosis of T24 cells. These findings suggest that EGCG may be an important chemoprevention agent for the management of bladder cancer.     

浙江无核柿炭疽病菌鉴定及附着胞形成过程中的核相变化

浙江无核柿炭疽病近年来在浙江淳安地区严重发生,根据形态学特征病原菌鉴定为胶孢炭疽菌ColletotrichumgloeosporioidesPenz.,在枝条病斑上的分生孢子盘通常不产生刚毛,分生孢子顶端顶部钝圆,基部平截,分生孢子盘中的孢子包埋在基质中,紧密结合在一起。分生孢子在自然寄主和人工培养条件下形态特征相似。6个柿树炭疽菌菌株的rDNAITS序列联配显示,其序列是相同的。用UPGMA方法分析ITS1-ITS2序列构建的炭疽菌系统发育树把6个柿树炭疽菌菌株和其它寄主上的胶孢炭疽菌或其有性型围小丛壳菌菌系分入同一个组,与根据形态学的鉴定结果一致。在附着胞形成过程中,用DAPI荧光染色观察到核相发生两次有丝分裂变化。第一次有丝分裂发生在分生孢子固着聚苯乙烯塑料培养皿3-4h后,随后,分生孢子中部形成一个隔膜,把它分成两个细胞;6~7h后,分生孢子发生第二次有丝分裂。分裂后,一个核通过芽管移入附着胞中。     

兔LQT2模型心室肌复极化的性别差异

本研究旨在探讨长QT综合征（long QT syndromes,LQTS）室性心律失常发生的性别差异及其电生理机制,初步观察了不同性别兔LQT2模型左心事原已存在的电生理异质性和心事复极动力学的特征。实验分为3组,上下常组以标准台氏液灌流;LQT2模型组给予含100gmol／L dl-sotalol的台式液灌流;LQT2模型＋低钾组给了含3．0mmol／LKCl、100μmol／L dl-sotalol的台式液灌流。采用冠状动脉旋支灌注兔左室心肌楔形组织块标本,应用浮置玻璃微电极记录技术进行记录。给予基础刺激周长（basic cycle length,BCL）为500、l000和2000ms的S1刺激,同步记录心事肌内膜侧、外膜侧细胞动作电位,并记录跨壁心电图：在BCL为500和1000ms时加用S2程序刺激以记录动作电位时程（action potential duration,APD）恢复曲线。研究发现：在不同刺激频率时,3组实验雌兔心肌细胞的跨壁复极化离散（transmural dispersion of repolarization,TDR）、APD恢复曲线斜率均大于雄兔,有显著性差异（P〈0．05）,并呈频率依赖性;LQT2模型组及LQT2模型＋低钾组雌雄兔TDR、APD恢复曲线斜率较正常组明显增人（P〈0．01）。BCL为1000ms时,LQT2模型组雌兔7例中1例发生尖端扭转性窀性心动过速（torsade de pointes,TdP）;LQT2模型＋低钾组雌兔7例中5例诱发TdP,雄兔7例中2例诱发TdP,有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。结果提示：LQT2模型心肌原已存在的电生理异质性和动态异质性均有明显的性别差异,并≯频率依赖性。存LQT2模型中,TDR以及APD恢复曲线斜率的增大可能是雌性动物较雄性更易发生尖端扭转性心律失常的原因。     

影响茎用芥菜愈伤组织诱导和植株再生的因素

茎用芥菜子叶培养在MS 0.25 mg·L-1NAA 0.5 mg·L-16-BA 0.25 mg·L-12,4-D培养基上,可获得较高质量的愈伤组织.愈伤组织培养在MS 1～1 mg·L-16-BA 0.2 mg·L-1NAA培养基上分化频率为8.3%,而在加有羧苄青霉素和头孢霉素的培养基上,最高分化频率可达52.4%.将获得的再生植株转移到1/2MS 0.1 mg·L-1 NAA的生根培养基中,可获得完整植株.     

Effects of small interfering RNAs targeting MAPK1 on gene expression profile in HeLa cells as revealed by microarray analysis

The mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPK) signaling cascade plays an important role in cell life. We proved that small interfering RNAs targeting MAPK1 (siRNA-2) could inhibit HeLa cell growth, but the effects of siRNA-2 on gene expression profile were unclear. Using Affymetrix GeneChip HG-U133A 2.0, we identified the long-term changes for 48h in gene expression profile in HeLa cell treated by siRNA-2. The results showed that expressions of 181 genes were altered by siRNA-2 and were divided into two groups: (i) one group showed downregulation by siRNA-2, including the proliferation associated genes, small G protein, cytoskeleton associated protein and extracellular matrix associated protein; and (ii) the other group showed upregulation by siRNA-2, including interferon response genes, OAS family, TRIM family and apoptosis associated genes. The results of Real-time quantitative PCR for MAPK1, NUP188, P38, STAT1, STAT2, MPL and OAS1 were consistent with that of gene chip. Two networks were found to react substantially to the downregulation of MAPK1 by siRNA-2. One of the networks regulates cell growth through cell-cycle control, apoptosis and cytoskeleton. The other network is related to interferon-like response. Our findings suggest that siRNA-mediated downregulation of MAPK1 could be an attractive strategy for cancer therapy.     

Ethanol fermentation in a magnetically fluidized bed reactor with immobilized Saccharomyces cerevisiae in magnetic particles

Ethanol fermentation by immobilized Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells in magnetic particles was successfully carried out in a magnetically stabilized fluidized bed reactor (MSFBR). These immobilized magnetic particles solidified in a 2 % CaCl(2) solution were stable and had high ethanol fermentation activity. The performance of ethanol fermentation of glucose in the MSFBR was affected by initial particle loading rate, feed sugar concentration and dilution rate. The ethanol theoretical yield, productivity and concentration reached 95.3%, 26.7 g/L h and 66 g/L, respectively, at a particle loading rate of 41% and a feed dilution rate of 0.4 h(-1) with a glucose concentration of 150 g/L when the magnetic field intensity was kept in the range of 85-120 Oe. In order to use this developed MSFBR system for ethanol production from cheap raw materials, cane molasses was used as the main fermentation substrate for continuous ethanol fermentation with the immobilized S. cerevisiae cells in the reactor system. Molasses gave comparative ethanol productivity in comparison with glucose in the MSFBR, and the higher ethanol production was observed in the MSFBR than in a fluidized bed reactor (FBR) without a magnetic field.     

外来入侵植物粉花月见草的繁殖生物学特性

粉花月见草单花花期1d,整株花期50d左右;单花花粉量达8825个,花粉活力达53.2%,花粉萌发快,萌发率达44.6%,自花授粉;种子小,千粒重0.092g,种子发芽率达85%,萌发时间短,具有休眠机制。三年生株丛结果达1274个,单果种子高达206粒,单株丛种子量2.6×105。种子表面平滑,自然传播以重力为主和风力作用,传播距离在100cm范围内。结果表明:粉花月见草繁殖力、适应力强,易形成单一优势种群,种子小近圆形易形成种子库,人为活动使其远距离传播,具有较大的危害性。     

玄参多糖成分抗疲劳活性的研究

研究了玄参（Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl．）多糖类成分对小鼠抗疲劳的药理作用。取雄性（♂）昆明种小鼠,体重22—27g,随机分为空白对照组、香菇多糖阳性对照组、玄参多糖（低、中、高）剂量3组,经灌胃分别给予小鼠生理盐水、香菇多糖及玄参多糖类成分100、200、400mg·kg^-1·d^-1,连续灌胃21d。分别观察小鼠的体重变化情况,负重游泳力竭时间,血清尿素氮、肝糖原和血乳酸的含量。结果表明,玄参多糖类成分可降低运动后小鼠血清尿素氮、血乳酸含量,增加小鼠肝糖原含量,具有抗疲劳的活性作用。     

呼吸道合胞病毒感染促进豚鼠产生气道高反应性及其机制研究

目的：通过检测气道反应性和M2受体功能,研究呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）感染与哮喘发病的关系及机制。方法：34只豚鼠随机分为4组：Hep-2滴鼻＋生理盐水雾化（Hep-2／NS,A）组,RSV滴鼻＋生理盐水雾化（RSV／NS,B）组,Hep-2滴鼻＋鸡卵蛋白（OVA）雾化（Hep-2／OVA,C）组和RSV滴鼻＋OVA雾化（RSV／OVA,D）组,其中A和B纽各9只,C和D组各8只,以A组为对照组。21d通过电刺激迷走神经检测各组气道反应性和M2受体功能,行嗜酸性粒细胞计数以及病理学观察。结果：B组气道内压力（mmH2O）与A组无明显差异（P〉0．05）,给予匹罗卡品,IP下降幅度高于A组,但差别无显著性（P〉0．05）。C组IP明显高于A且（P〈0．05）,且给予匹罗卡品,IP下降幅度明显低于A组,差别有显著性（P〈0．05）。D组IP明显高于C组（P〈0．05）,给予匹罗卡品后IP下降幅度明显低于C组（P〈0．05）。结论：RSV感染可促进过敏原引起的M2R功能障碍,从而促进AHR发生。     

大鼠皮层听-视多感觉神经元和听-视信息整合

应用常规电生理技术,研究SD大鼠皮层听-视多感觉神经元的分布和听-视信息整合.共记录到130个听-视双模态神经元,其中65个A-V型神经元,28个v-A型神经元和37个a-V型神经元.这些双模态神经元主要分布于听区的背侧,听皮层和视皮层的交界处,具有明显的区域性,呈条带状分布,v-A型神经元较多地位于近听皮层一侧,a-V型神经元则主要位于近视皮层一侧,A-V型神经元位于两者之间.在条带中,双模态神经元分布不均一,有片状分布趋势.双模态神经元的听-视信息整合效应分为增强型、抑制型和调制型.整合效应与声-光组合刺激的时间间隔有关,其中75%的神经元获得最大整合效应的时间间隔在30～50ms之间.研究结果提示,大鼠皮层存在听-视多感觉神经元分布区,这些神经元遵循存在于其他动物相关脑区多感觉信息整合规律,参与听-视感觉信息整合.