Tim18p, a new subunit of the TIM22 complex that mediates insertion of imported proteins into the yeast mitochondrial inner membrane

Import of carrier proteins from the cytoplasm into the mitochondrial inner membrane of yeast is mediated by a distinct system consisting of two soluble 70-kDa protein complexes in the intermembrane space and a 300-kDa complex in the inner membrane, the TIM22 complex. The TIM22 complex contains the peripheral subunits Tim9p, Tim10p, and Tim12p and the integral membrane subunits Tim22p and Tim54p. We identify here an additional subunit, an 18-kDa integral membrane protein termed Tim18p. This protein is made as a 21.9-kDa precursor which is imported into mitochondria and processed to its mature form. When mitochondria are gently solubilized, Tim18p comigrates with the other subunits of the TIM22 complex on nondenaturing gels and is coimmunoprecipitated with Tim54p and Tim12p. Tim18p does not cofractionate with the TIM23 complex upon immunoprecipitation or nondenaturing gel electrophoresis. Deletion of Tim18p decreases the growth rate of yeast cells by a factor of two and is synthetically lethal with temperature-sensitive mutations in Tim9p or Tim10p. It also impairs the import of several precursor proteins into isolated mitochondria, and lowers the apparent mass of the TIM22 complex. We suggest that Tim18p functions in the assembly and stabilization of the TIM22 complex but does not directly participate in protein insertion into the inner membrane.     

Neurophysiological and behavioural evidence for an olfactory function for the dorsal organ and a gustatory one for the terminal organ in Drosophila melanogaster larvae

Multicellular electrophysiological responses from the dorsal organ on the cephalic lobes of third instar Drosophila melanogaster larvae (wild-type Canton S) stimulated with a cold-trapped banana volatile extract showed that this structure has an olfactory function in the fruit fly. Responses of the dorsal organ were also recorded to constituents of the banana volatile extract as they eluted from a gas chromatographic column (GC-coupled dorsal organ electrophysiology). The active chemostimulants were identified as 2-heptanone, isoamyl alcohol, hexyl acetate, hexanol and hexyl butyrate by gas chromatography-coupled mass spectrometry. Applying the same recording system to the terminal organ sensilla, no responses were obtained to either the banana volatile bouquet or its constituents. By contrast, high frequency multicellular responses were recorded in response to touching the terminal organ with the gustatory stimuli KCl and grapefruit juice; responses were absent on similar stimulation of the dorsal organ with either NaCl or KCl. This suggests a role for olfaction by the dorsal organ and for gustation by the terminal organ in Drosophila larvae.In a 7-mm high wind tunnel with a thin 1.2% agar floor, the Drosophila larvae showed odour-conditioned upwind responses in an air stream of 0.1 m/s bearing banana volatiles. Drosophila larvae responded best to the odour of cut bananas. A 1:1 mixture of the banana odour constituents 2-heptanone and hexanol (at either 50 or 100 &mgr;g source dose each) proved as attractive as the known larval attractants propionic acid and isoamyl acetate on their own at 100 &mgr;g, whereas hexanol and 2-heptanone on their own at a 100 &mgr;g source dose were less attractive. The stronger behavioural response to the banana volatile bouquet and to the binary mixture serves to underline the multireceptor nature of the dorsal organ response to food odour in Drosophila.     

一种简单、经济的植物RNA抽提方法

一种简单、经济的植物ＲＮＡ抽提方法孟玲谭德勇王焕效吕朝晖王晓燕周翔（云南大学生物系,昆明６５００９１）ＡＳｉｍｐｌｅＥｃｏｎｏｍｉｃａｌＭｅｔｈｏｄｆｏｒｔｈｅＩｓｏｌａｔｉｏｎｏｆＰｌａｎｔＲＮＡＭＥＮＧＬｉｎｇＴＡＮＤｅｙｏｎｇＷＡＮＧＨｕａｎｘ...     

复杂性眼外伤患者玻璃体切割围手术期护理体会

目的:玻璃体切割术是眼科手术中比较复杂精细显手术,主要应用于治疗眼外伤导致的玻璃体出血,玻璃体浑浊,复杂性视网膜脱离以及增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变。本文主要探讨玻璃体切割术治疗复杂性眼外伤患者的围手术期护理的临床效应。方法:总结作者所在科室多年来护理眼外伤患者的临床经验,对2013年3月至2013年7月入院的75例(75只眼)复杂性眼外伤患者进行悉心的术前心理护理,完善的用药指导,充分的术前准备,术后特殊卧位的指导,预防并发症的护理及出院指导。结果:术后视力提高57例(76.0%),视力不变13(17.3%)例,视力下降5例(6.7%),28例眼内异物患者均经手术顺利取出异物。相关手术并发症经医护人员的对症治疗后均得到有效控制。患者术后满意度达98%以上,医生满意度达100%。结论:复杂性眼外伤患者玻璃体切割手术围手术期进行全方位的护理服务,对促进病人康复起到至关重要的作用。     

浮游细菌群落变化对锥状斯氏藻藻华的影响

目的:本实验以大亚湾原发性锥状斯氏藻为例,采集野外样品,分析藻华不同时期主要菌群的结构和环境样品的硫化物与赋存形态。方法:应用末端限制性片段长度多态性技术和主成分分析方法,分析藻华发生过程中浮游细菌群落相似程度的情况,得到差异显著的浮游细菌类群。选出代表类群的样品进行16S r DNA高变区测序,获取浮游细菌的分类结果及相对丰度。采用Pearson相关性分析浮游细菌、藻、硫化物两两间的相互关系。结果:早期藻华以Enterobacteriaceae为主导,各优势菌群(Enterobacteriaceae:Alteromonadaceae:Rhodobacteraceae)的比例约为8:1:21,硫元素主要以DMS形式存在;而后期Alteromonadaceae成为优势物种,各优势菌群的比例转变为3:5:25,硫的赋存形态由DMS转变为DMSO;Rhodobacteraceae在藻华的前期与后期均以优势种存在。本实验还发现藻华不同时期4种与藻呈正向相关的细菌,以及8种对藻起负向调节作用的细菌,它们在藻华生消的过程中扮演着不同的角色。结论:菌群的组成性改变与藻华生消具有一定的相关性,并对藻类的硫代谢产生影响。结果的获得有助于认识藻华微生物学过程中硫代谢的生态学功能,拓展锥状斯氏藻藻华的理论认识。     

胸腺五肽显著增强干扰素在抗病毒治程中的特异性CTL效应

目的:探究在e抗原(HBe Ag)阳性的慢性乙型肝炎患者采用聚乙二醇干扰素-2a(peg-2a)联合核苷类药物治疗过程中,加用胸腺五肽对细胞免疫应答的影响。方法:选择采用聚乙二醇干扰素α-2a联合核苷类药物(拉米夫定+阿德福韦酯)治疗48周,HBe Ag仍为阳性,且HLA-A2阳性的慢性乙型肝炎患者18例,分为两组。一组原方案延长联合治疗作为对照,另一组在原方案基础上再加用胸腺五肽治疗(10 mg/次,2次/周,共24周)治疗,所有病人均治疗至96周。并做体外HBV特异性细胞毒T淋巴细胞(HBV specific CTL)培养增殖,通过Elispot技术分析其分泌细胞因子(肿瘤坏死因子-α,干扰素-γ,白介素-10)的功能。结果:HBe Ag转阴率,治疗96周时联合胸腺五肽组为44.4%(4/9),原方案对照组为22.2%(2/9)。HBs Ag滴度,48周时,HBs Ag为4571±3772 IU/m:;96周时,联合胸腺五肽组为1962±2869 IU/m L,转阴1人,原方案对照组为3490±3124 IU/m L,P=0.093。HBV特异性CTL培养增殖,96周时联合胸腺五肽组高于原方案对照组,且联合胸腺五肽组TNF-的分泌也高于原方案对照组,P0.05。结论:胸腺五肽显著增强干扰素抗病毒治疗过程中的特异性CTL效应。     

人工全髋关节置换治疗成人髋关节发育不良并骨性关节炎的临床分析

目的:探讨人工全髋关节置换治疗成人髋关节发育不良并骨性关节炎的临床疗效。方法:对2009年7月至2012年7月入住我院的60例成人髋关节发育不良并骨性关节炎患者行人工全髋关节置换术治疗。分析治疗优良率、手术前后不同Crowe分型Harris评分、手术前后行走及疼痛情况、手术前后生活质量。结果:1根据Harris评分,本组治疗优良率91.67%(55/60);2术后各Crowe分型患者Harris评分均显著高于术前,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);3本组术前自行行走及辅助行走例数分别为23及37例,术后分别为39例及21例;术前疼痛情况:无、轻、中及重度疼痛例数分别为1例、6例、22例及31例,术后分别为18例、28例、12及2例,手术前后行走情况及疼痛情况差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);4根据SF-36生活质量评价标准,术后生活质量评分为(142.16±10.32)分,显著高于术前(115.24±7.34)分,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:人工全髋关节置换治疗成人髋关节发育不良并骨性关节炎的临床疗效显著,术后患者髋关节功能及生活质量明显改善,应在临床上加以推广。     

阴囊黄癣痂样石膏样小孢子菌感染1例

报道1例石膏样小孢子菌感染引起阴囊黄癣痂样皮损。患者,男,20岁,阴囊黄色痂皮3周。皮损取材真菌镜检可见分隔菌丝,培养为石膏样小孢子菌。口服伊曲康唑200mg/d,连续2周。停药时皮损消退,真菌学检查阴性。     

近平滑念珠菌的形态转换观察

目的观察近平滑念珠菌在不同培养基的形态转换现象,以及温度对其形态转换的影响。方法收集近平滑念珠菌正常人皮肤携带株及临床致病株和标准株,接种于改良Lee培养基和含桃红B的YPD培养基,观察其不同形态转换,以及温度变化对光滑(W)与皱褶(O)形态转换的影响。结果近平滑念珠菌在Lee培养基和含桃红B的YPD培养基上,均可以出现多种形态以及一定频率W-O转换现象。在观察W向O形态转换过程中发现,与25℃培养温度相比,37℃条件下光滑菌落形态占更多的比例。结论近平滑念珠菌体外培养时存在形态转换及W-O转换现象,且于37℃时更易保持光滑形态。含桃红B的YPD培养基也可以用于基本的W-O形态转换观察。     

ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者血钾水平与原发性恶性室性心律失常的相关研究

目的:探讨ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)患者与冠状动脉造影阴性的对照组血钾水平以及低血钾发病率的差异;探讨STEMI患者中原发性恶性室性心律失常组和非原发性恶性室性心律失常组血钾水平的差异.方法:选取2007年1月至2009年11月间STEMI并行直接经皮冠状动脉介入术(直接PCI)患者371例,其中男303例,女68例,平均年龄(56.1±11.7)岁.同时选取冠状动脉造影阴性患者(对照组)161例,其中男性131人,女性30人,平均年龄(56.8±10.3)岁.两组基线资料无显著性差异.将血钾含量＜3.5mmol/l定义为低血钾,比较2组间血钾含量及低血钾发病率.根据直接PCI之前是否发生原发性室颤和持续性室速,将STEMI患者分为原发性恶性室性心律失常组和非原发性恶性室性心律失常组,本组数据所指原发性恶性室性心律失常仅包括直接PCI之前发生的原发性室颤和持续性室速,其中原发性室颤24例,持续性室速11例.比较2组间血钾水平.结果:血钾含量STEMI患者(3.81±0.49)低于对照者(4.03+0.41)mmol/L,差异有统计学意义(t=5.08,P＜0.001).低血钾发病率STEMI(22.6%)高于对照者(6.83%),差异有统计学意义(X2=19.13,P＜0.001).STEMI患者中原发性恶性室性心律失常组和非原发性恶性室性心律失常组的血钾水平差异无统计学意义.结论:STEMI患者急性期存在血钾的下降,我们需要积极纠正低血钾,但低血钾与原发性恶性室性心律失常有无必然联系仍需更深入的研究.