全文获取类型
收费全文 | 351篇 |
免费 | 22篇 |
专业分类
373篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 4篇 |
2022年 | 10篇 |
2021年 | 18篇 |
2020年 | 12篇 |
2019年 | 5篇 |
2018年 | 18篇 |
2017年 | 7篇 |
2016年 | 14篇 |
2015年 | 11篇 |
2014年 | 12篇 |
2013年 | 22篇 |
2012年 | 36篇 |
2011年 | 38篇 |
2010年 | 16篇 |
2009年 | 10篇 |
2008年 | 41篇 |
2007年 | 35篇 |
2006年 | 11篇 |
2005年 | 22篇 |
2004年 | 5篇 |
2003年 | 6篇 |
2002年 | 2篇 |
2001年 | 4篇 |
1999年 | 1篇 |
1998年 | 1篇 |
1997年 | 1篇 |
1996年 | 1篇 |
1994年 | 1篇 |
1990年 | 1篇 |
1989年 | 1篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1971年 | 2篇 |
1970年 | 1篇 |
1968年 | 1篇 |
1966年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有373条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
51.
Monteagudo-Mera Andrea Chatzifragkou Afroditi Kosik Ondrej Gibson Glenn Lovegrove Alison Shewry Peter R. Charalampopoulos Dimitris 《Applied microbiology and biotechnology》2018,102(17):7577-7587
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology - Distillers’ dried grains with solubles (DDGS) is a low-value agro-industrial by-product, rich in arabinoxylans (AX), which is produced by commercial... 相似文献
52.
Behrenfeld Michael J. Prasil Ondrej Kolber Zbigniew S. Babin Marcel Falkowski Paul G. 《Photosynthesis research》1998,58(3):259-268
Exposure of algae or higher plants to bright light can result in a photoinhibitory reduction in the number of functional PS II reaction centers (n) and a consequential decrease in the maximum quantum yield of photosynthesis. However, we found that light-saturated photosynthetic rates (Pmax) in natural phytoplankton assemblages sampled from the south Pacific ocean were not reduced despite photoinhibitory decreases in n of up to 52%. This striking insensitivity of Pmax to photoinhibition resulted from reciprocal increases in electron turnover (
)through the remaining functional PS II centers. Similar insensitivity of Pmax was also observed in low light adapted cultures of Thalassiosira weissflogii (a marine diatom), but not in high light adapted cells where Pmax decreased in proportion to n. This differential sensitivity to decreases in n occurred because
was close to the maximum achievable rate in the high light adapted cells, whereas
was initially low in the low light adapted cells and could thus increase in response to decreases in n. Our results indicate that decreases in plant productivity are not necessarily commensurate with photoinhibition, but rather will only occur if decreases in n are sufficient to maximize
or incident irradiance becomes subsaturating. 相似文献
53.
Jakub Budil Ondrej Szabó Petra Lišková Pavla Štenclová Tibor Izsák Štěpán Potocký Alexander Kromka 《Letters in applied microbiology》2022,74(6):924-931
We studied the disinfection efficacy of boron-doped electrodes on Escherichia coli-contaminated water-based solutions in three different electrolytes, physiological solution (NaCl), phosphate buffer (PB), and phosphate buffer saline (PBS). The effect of the electrochemical oxidation treatment on the bacteria viability was studied by drop and spread plate cultivation methods, and supported by optical density measurements. We have found that bacterial suspensions in NaCl and PBS underwent a total inactivation of all viable bacteria within 10 min of the electrochemical treatment. By contrast, experiments performed in the PB showed a relatively minor decrease of viability by two orders of magnitude after 2 h of the treatment, which is almost comparable with the untreated control. The enhanced bacterial inactivation was assigned to reactive chlorine species, capable of penetrating the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane and killing bacteria from within. 相似文献
54.
Petra Suchomelová-Masková Ondrej Novák Helena Lipavská 《Plant Physiology and Biochemistry》2008,46(7):673-684
In plants, the G2/M control of cell cycle remains an elusive issue as doubts persist about activatory dephosphorylation--in other eukaryotes provided by CDC25 phosphatase and serving as a final all-or-nothing mitosis regulator. We report on the effects of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L., cv. Samsun) transformation with fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe) cdc25 (Spcdc25) on cell characteristics. Transformed cell suspension cultures showed higher dry mass accumulation during the exponential phase and clustered more circular cell phenotypes compared to chains of elongated WT cells. Similar cell parameters, as in the transformants, can be induced in WT by cytokinins. Spcdc25 cells, after cytokinin treatment, showed giant cell clusters and growth inhibition. In addition, Spcdc25 expression led to altered carbohydrate status: increased starch and soluble sugars with higher sucrose:hexoses ratio, inducible in WT by cytokinin treatment. Taken together, the Spcdc25 transformation had a cytokinin-like effect on studied characteristics. However, endogenous cytokinin determination revealed markedly lower cytokinin levels in Spcdc25 transformants. This indicates that the cells sense Spcdc25 expression as an increased cytokinin availability, manifested by changed cell morphology, and in consequence decrease endogenous cytokinin levels. Clearly, the results on cell growth and morphology are consistent with the model of G2/M control including cytokinin-regulated activatory dephosphorylation. Nevertheless, no clear link is obvious between Spcdc25 transformation and carbohydrate status and thus the observed cytokinin-like effect on carbohydrate levels poses a problem. Hence, we propose that Spcdc25-induced higher CDK(s) activity at G2/M generates a signal-modifying carbohydrate metabolism to meet high energy and C demands of forthcoming cell division. 相似文献
55.
56.
Aims
The diverse physiological functions of histamine are mediated through distinct histamine receptors. In this study we investigated the role of H2R and H4R in the effects of histamine on the production of reactive oxygen species by phagocytes in whole blood.Main methods
Changes in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by whole blood phagocytes after treatment with histamine, H4R agonists (4-methylhistamine, VUF8430), H2R agonist (dimaprit) and their combinations with H4R antagonist (JNJ10191584) and H2R antagonist (ranitidine) were determined using the chemiluminescence (CL) assay. To exclude the direct scavenging effects of the studied compounds on the CL response, the antioxidant properties of all compounds were measured using several methods (TRAP, ORAC, and luminol–HRP–H2O2 based CL).Key findings
Histamine, 4-methylhistamine, VUF8430 and dimaprit inhibited the spontaneous and OZP-activated whole blood CL in a dose-dependent manner. On the other hand, only VUF8430 was able to inhibit PMA-activated whole blood CL. Ranitidine, but not JNJ10191584, completely reduced the effects of histamine, 4-methylhistamine and dimaprit. The direct scavenging ability of tested compounds was negligible.Significance
Our results demonstrate that the inhibitory effects of histamine on ROS production in whole blood phagocytes were caused by H2R. Our results also suggest that H4R agonists in concentrations higher than 10− 6 M may also influence ROS production via binding to H2R. 相似文献57.
Nathalie Vrielynck Katja Schneider Marion Rodriguez Jason Sims Aurlie Chambon Aurlie Hurel Arnaud De
Muyt Arnaud Ronceret Ondrej Krsicka Christine Mzard Peter Schlgelhofer Mathilde Grelon 《Nucleic acids research》2021,49(17):9821
In the current meiotic recombination initiation model, the SPO11 catalytic subunits associate with MTOPVIB to form a Topoisomerase VI-like complex that generates DNA double strand breaks (DSBs). Four additional proteins, PRD1/AtMEI1, PRD2/AtMEI4, PRD3/AtMER2 and the plant specific DFO are required for meiotic DSB formation. Here we show that (i) MTOPVIB and PRD1 provide the link between the catalytic sub-complex and the other DSB proteins, (ii) PRD3/AtMER2, while localized to the axis, does not assemble a canonical pre-DSB complex but establishes a direct link between the DSB-forming and resection machineries, (iii) DFO controls MTOPVIB foci formation and is part of a divergent RMM-like complex including PHS1/AtREC114 and PRD2/AtMEI4 but not PRD3/AtMER2, (iv) PHS1/AtREC114 is absolutely unnecessary for DSB formation despite having a conserved position within the DSB protein network and (v) MTOPVIB and PRD2/AtMEI4 interact directly with chromosome axis proteins to anchor the meiotic DSB machinery to the axis. 相似文献
58.
Komenda J Tichy M Prásil O Knoppová J Kuviková S de Vries R Nixon PJ 《The Plant cell》2007,19(9):2839-2854
The selective replacement of photodamaged D1 protein within the multisubunit photosystem II (PSII) complex is an important photoprotective mechanism in chloroplasts and cyanobacteria. FtsH proteases are involved at an early stage of D1 degradation, but it remains unclear how the damaged D1 subunit is recognized, degraded, and replaced. To test the role of the N-terminal region of D1 in PSII biogenesis and repair, we have constructed mutants of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp PCC 6803 that are truncated at the exposed N terminus. Removal of 5 or 10 residues blocked D1 synthesis, as assessed in radiolabeling experiments, whereas removal of 20 residues restored the ability to assemble oxygen-evolving dimeric PSII complexes but inhibited PSII repair at the level of D1 degradation. Overall, our results identify an important physiological role for the exposed N-terminal tail of D1 at an early step in selective D1 degradation. This finding has important implications for the recognition of damaged D1 and its synchronized replacement by a newly synthesized subunit. 相似文献
59.
Lucie Lorkova Michaela Scigelova Tabiwang Ndipanquang Arrey Ondrej Vit Jana Pospisilova Eliska Doktorova Magdalena Klanova Mahmudul Alam Petra Vockova Bokang Maswabi Klener Pavel Jr. Jiri Petrak 《PloS one》2015,10(8)
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a chronically relapsing aggressive type of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma considered incurable by currently used treatment approaches. Fludarabine is a purine analog clinically still widely used in the therapy of relapsed MCL. Molecular mechanisms of fludarabine resistance have not, however, been studied in the setting of MCL so far. We therefore derived fludarabine-resistant MCL cells (Mino/FR) and performed their detailed functional and proteomic characterization compared to the original fludarabine sensitive cells (Mino). We demonstrated that Mino/FR were highly cross-resistant to other antinucleosides (cytarabine, cladribine, gemcitabine) and to an inhibitor of Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) ibrutinib. Sensitivity to other types of anti-lymphoma agents was altered only mildly (methotrexate, doxorubicin, bortezomib) or remained unaffacted (cisplatin, bendamustine). The detailed proteomic analysis of Mino/FR compared to Mino cells unveiled over 300 differentially expressed proteins. Mino/FR were characterized by the marked downregulation of deoxycytidine kinase (dCK) and BTK (thus explaining the observed crossresistance to antinucleosides and ibrutinib), but also by the upregulation of several enzymes of de novo nucleotide synthesis, as well as the up-regulation of the numerous proteins of DNA repair and replication. The significant upregulation of the key antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 in Mino/FR cells was associated with the markedly increased sensitivity of the fludarabine-resistant MCL cells to Bcl-2-specific inhibitor ABT199 compared to fludarabine-sensitive cells. Our data thus demonstrate that a detailed molecular analysis of drug-resistant tumor cells can indeed open a way to personalized therapy of resistant malignancies. 相似文献
60.
Carlos Angel Espinosa-Vinals Jiri Masin Jana Holubova Ondrej Stanek David Jurnecka Radim Osicka Peter Sebo Ladislav Bumba 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2021,297(1)
The whooping cough agent Bordetella pertussis secretes an adenylate cyclase toxin (CyaA) that through its large carboxy-proximal Repeat-in-ToXin (RTX) domain binds the complement receptor 3 (CR3). The RTX domain consists of five blocks (I–V) of characteristic glycine and aspartate-rich nonapeptides that fold into five Ca2+-loaded parallel β-rolls. Previous work indicated that the CR3-binding structure comprises the interface of β-rolls II and III. To test if further portions of the RTX domain contribute to CR3 binding, we generated a construct with the RTX block II/III interface (CyaA residues 1132–1294) linked directly to the C-terminal block V fragment bearing the folding scaffold (CyaA residues 1562–1681). Despite deletion of 267 internal residues of the RTX domain, the Ca2+-driven folding of the hybrid block III/V β-roll still supported formation of the CR3-binding structure at the interface of β-rolls II and III. Moreover, upon stabilization by N- and C-terminal flanking segments, the block III/V hybrid-comprising constructs competed with CyaA for CR3 binding and induced formation of CyaA toxin-neutralizing antibodies in mice. Finally, a truncated CyaAΔ1295-1561 toxin bound and penetrated erythrocytes and CR3-expressing cells, showing that the deleted portions of RTX blocks III, IV, and V (residues 1295–1561) were dispensable for CR3 binding and for toxin translocation across the target cell membrane. This suggests that almost a half of the RTX domain of CyaA is not involved in target cell interaction and rather serves the purpose of toxin secretion. 相似文献