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71.
The fission yeast transforming acidic coiled coil-related protein Mia1p/Alp7p is required for formation and maintenance of persistent microtubule-organizing centers at the nuclear envelope
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Microtubule-organizing centers (MTOCs) concentrate microtubule nucleation, attachment and bundling factors and thus restrict formation of microtubule arrays in spatial and temporal manner. How MTOCs occur remains an exciting question in cell biology. Here, we show that the transforming acidic coiled coil–related protein Mia1p/Alp7p functions in emergence of large MTOCs in interphase fission yeast cells. We found that Mia1p was a microtubule-binding protein that preferentially localized to the minus ends of microtubules and was associated with the sites of microtubule attachment to the nuclear envelope. Cells lacking Mia1p exhibited less microtubule bundles. Microtubules could be nucleated and bundled but were frequently released from the nucleation sites in mia1Δ cells. Mia1p was required for stability of microtubule bundles and persistent use of nucleation sites both in interphase and postanaphase array dynamics. The γ-tubulin–rich material was not organized in large perinuclear or microtubule-associated structures in mia1Δ cells. Interestingly, absence of microtubules in dividing wild-type cells prevented appearance of large γ-tubulin–rich MTOC structures in daughters. When microtubule polymerization was allowed, MTOCs were efficiently assembled de novo. We propose a model where MTOC emergence is a self-organizing process requiring the continuous association of microtubules with nucleation sites. 相似文献
72.
Zirconyl hematoxylin stains acidic mucins darkly and specifically using a solution of 100 mg hematoxylin, 5 ml ethanol, 5 ml 0.5% sodium iodate, 400 mg zirconyl chloride octahydrate, and 30 ml 25% aqueous glycerol. The stain is especially advantageous for studying goblet cells and Paget cells. 相似文献
73.
74.
Thymol and Carvacrol Prevent Cisplatin‐Induced Nephrotoxicity by Abrogation of Oxidative Stress,Inflammation, and Apoptosis in Rats
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El‐Sayed EM Abd‐Allah AR Mansour AM EL‐Arabey AA 《Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology》2015,29(4):165-172
The aim of the present study is to assess the possible protective effects of thymol and carvacrol against cisplatin (CP)‐induced nephrotoxicity. A single dose of CP {6 mg/kg, intraperitoneally (i.p.)} injected to male rats revealed significant increases in serum urea, creatinine, and tumor necrosis factor alpha levels. It also increased kidney contents of malondialdehyde and caspase‐3 activity with significant reduction in serum albumin, kidney content of reduced glutathione as well as catalase, and superoxide dismutase activity as compared to that of the control group. In contrast, administration of thymol {20 mg/kg, orally (p.o.)} and/or carvacrol (15 mg/kg, p.o.) for 14 days before CP injection and for 7 days after CP administration restored the kidney function and examined oxidative stress parameters. In conclusion, thymol was more effective nephroprotective than carvacrol. Moreover, a combination of thymol and carvacrol had a synergistic nephroprotective effect that might be attributed to antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and antiapoptotic activities. 相似文献
75.
Yakovenko OY Li YY Oliferenko AA Vashchenko GM Bdzhola VG Jones SJ 《Journal of molecular modeling》2012,18(2):663-673
The YFF1 is a new universal molecular mechanic force field designed for drug discovery purposes. The electrostatic part of
YFF1 has already been parameterized to reproduce ab initio calculated dipole and quadrupole moments. Now we report a parameterization of the van der Waals interactions (vdW) for the
same atom types that were previously defined. The 6–12 Lennard-Jones potential terms were parameterized against homodimerization
energies calculated at the MP2/6-31 G* level of theory. The Boys-Bernardi counterpoise correction was employed to account
for the basis-set superposition error. As a source of structural information we used about 2,400 neutral compounds from the
ZINC2007 database. About 6,600 homodimeric configurations were generated from this dataset. A special “closure” procedure
was designed to accelerate the parameters fitting. As a result, dimerization energies of small organic compounds are reproduced
with an average unsigned error of 1.1 kcal mol-1. Although the primary goal of this work was to parameterize nonbonded interactions, bonded parameters were also derived,
by fitting to PM6 semiempirically optimized geometries of approximately 20,000 compounds. 相似文献
76.
Background
Breast cancer survivors, particularly those treated with chemotherapy, are at significantly increased risk for long-term cognitive and neurobiologic impairments. These deficits tend to involve skills that are subserved by distributed brain networks. Additionally, neuroimaging studies have shown a diffuse pattern of brain structure changes in chemotherapy-treated breast cancer survivors that might impact large-scale brain networks.Methods
We therefore applied graph theoretical analysis to compare the gray matter structural networks of female breast cancer survivors with a history of chemotherapy treatment and healthy age and education matched female controls.Results
Results revealed reduced clustering coefficient and small-world index in the brain network of the breast cancer patients across a range of network densities. In addition, the network of the breast cancer group had less highly interactive nodes and reduced degree/centrality in the frontotemporal regions compared to controls, which may help explain the common impairments of memory and executive functioning among these patients.Conclusions
These results suggest that breast cancer and chemotherapy may decrease regional connectivity as well as global network organization and integration, reducing efficiency of the network. To our knowledge, this is the first report of altered large-scale brain networks associated with breast cancer and chemotherapy. 相似文献77.
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78.
OI Klychnikov AV Drabkin OV Vasilenko YS Pavlov MS Trofimova IN Smolenskaya AA Rozenkranz AS Sobolev AV Babakov 《Biochemistry. Biokhimii?a》1998,63(9):1083-1089
Higher plant plasma membranes carry receptors of different affinity for the phytotoxin fusicoccin. Reception of fusicoccin involves proteins belonging to the highly conserved 14-3-3 family, but the complete structure of the fusicoccin receptor (FCR) is unknown. Using radiation inactivation analysis, we estimated the molecular masses of low-affinity and high-affinity FCR at 63 +/- 7 and 130 +/- 15 kD, respectively. The dose dependences of receptor inactivation indicate that microsomal specimens contain "silent" FCRs of 420 +/- 90 kD in amounts commensurate with that of the active FCRs. Both low- and high-affinity FCRs are inactivated by hydrolytic enzymes from the outer surface of the plasma membrane, and impairment of protoplast integrity causes an irreversible transition of the low-affinity binding site into the high-affinity one. A scheme is proposed for the organization of different types of FCR in the plasma membrane, implying that the membrane affinity for fusicoccin reflects the interaction between proteins in the FCR complex. 相似文献
79.
NaCl-preferring NZB/B1NJ mice and NaCl-avoiding CBA/J mice have similar amiloride inhibition of chorda tympani responses to NaCl 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Integrated chorda tympani nerve responses to NaCl were studied in two mouse
strains, an NaCl-preferring NZB/B1NJ and an NaCl-avoiding CBA/J. The NaCl
responses of both strains had similar magnitude and were suppressed by
amiloride to a similar extent. This suggests that peripheral gustatory
responsiveness to NaCl is not the only mechanism underlying mouse strain
variation in NaCl acceptance.
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80.
NOBORU FUJINAMI YUKITAKA SUGIMOTO ATSUYOSHI HAGIWAAA 《Development, growth & differentiation》1973,15(2):141-151
Enhancement of the erythroid maturation in Friend virus-induced leukemic cells has been examined in vitro by the treatment with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Although the cell growth was inhibited in the medium containing 2% DMSO, many cells remained viable for a week. By the 3rd day of the culture, the cells treated with DMSO became more strongly agglutinated by phytohemagglutinin than the cells incubated without DMSO. Mouse erythrocyte membrane-specific antigens were also detectable at the 4th day. At the 8th day of the culture hemoglobin synthesis was apparently demonstrated in the cells treated with DMSO, which could not be seen in the untreated cells. Maturation or differentiation along the erythroid pathway in Friend leukemic cells by DMSO is discussed on these markers. 相似文献