螺类与着生藻类的相互作用及其对沉水植物的影响

浅水湖泊的富营养化常导致水生植被的退化与浮游藻类的爆发［１０,１８,２９］。可利用光通常是决定沉水植物分布、生物量和生产力的最重要因子,因此,伴随高营养负荷的浮游藻类繁殖,极大地削弱了沉水植物的光合能力［２０］。然而,Ｐｈｉｌｉｐｓ等人［２８］认为,...     

Ad-sTNFRI-IgGFc腺病毒载体的构建及其转染人气道平滑肌细胞

TNF-a是一种具有广泛生物学活性的前炎症细胞因子, 参与哮喘整个病理生理过程。可溶性肿瘤坏死因子受体(sTNFR)可以拮抗肿瘤坏死因子活性, 已被用来治疗与TNF相关的炎性疾病。将sTNFRI-IgGFc基因插入腺病毒穿梭质粒pDC316, 与辅助质粒pBHGloxΔE1, 3Cre共转染HEK293细胞, 重组产生Ad-sTNFRI-IgGFc, PCR鉴定毒种正确后, 进行扩增、纯化和滴度测定, 转染人气道平滑肌细胞, 利用RT-PCR、免疫组化方法, 流式细胞仪, ELISA检测转染后细胞中sTNFRI-IgGFc的转录和表达。实验结果证明成功构建了Ad-sTNFRI-IgGFc腺病毒载体, 感染性滴度达3×1010 TCID50/mL, 200 moi转染气道平滑肌细胞阳性率达99.32%, 转染后气道平滑肌细胞在mRNA和蛋白水平均有sTNFRI-IgGFc表达。转染上清稀释64倍后仍对TNF有拮抗活性。为将表达sTNFRI-IgGFc腺病毒基因治疗哮喘的实验研究提供了基础。     

Intensified plant N and C pool with more available nitrogen under experimental warming in an alpine meadow ecosystem

Nitrogen (N) availability is projected to increase in a warming climate. But whether the more available N is immobilized by microbes (thus stimulates soil carbon (C) decomposition), or is absorbed by plants (thus intensifies C uptake) remains unknown in the alpine meadow ecosystem. Infrared heaters were used to simulate climate warming with a paired experimental design. Soil ammonification, nitrification, and net mineralization were obtained by in situ incubation in a permafrost region of the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau (QTP). Available N significantly increased due to the stimulation of net nitrification and mineralization in 0–30 cm soil layer. Microbes immobilized N in the end of growing season in both warming and control plots. The magnitude of immobilized N was lower in the warming plots. The root N concentration significantly reduced, but root N pool intensified due to the significant increase in root biomass in the warming treatment. Our results suggest that a warming‐induced increase in biomass is the major N sink and will continue to stimulate plant growth until plant N saturation, which could sustain the positive warming effect on ecosystem productivity.     

徐闻西岸造礁石珊瑚的组成及空间分布

2008年5-6月在徐闻西岸设置了25个站点,运用截线样带法调查了造礁石珊瑚的种类多样性和空间分布.本次研究共发现造礁石珊瑚57种,每个站位的种类数均不超过30种.Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和Pielou均匀度指数均值分别为1.79和0.42.二异角孔珊瑚(Goniopora duofasciata)、盾形...     

From proteomics toward systems biology: integration of different types of proteomics data into network models

Living organisms are comprised of various systems at different levels, i.e., organs, tissues, and cells. Each system carries out its diverse functions in response to environmental and genetic perturbations, by utilizing biological networks, in which nodal components, such as, DNA, mRNAs, proteins, and metabolites, closely interact with each other. Systems biology investigates such systems by producing comprehensive global data that represent different levels of biological information, i.e., at the DNA, mRNA, protein, or metabolite levels, and by integrating this data into network models that generate coherent hypotheses for given biological situations. This review presents a systems biology framework, called the 'Integrative Proteomics Data Analysis Pipeline' (IPDAP), which generates mechanistic hypotheses from network models reconstructed by integrating diverse types of proteomic data generated by mass spectrometry-based proteomic analyses. The devised framework includes a serial set of computational and network analysis tools. Here, we demonstrate its functionalities by applying these tools to several conceptual examples.     

热带季节雨林林窗边缘不同热力作用面热力效应的季节变化特征

通过对热带季节雨林雾凉季和湿热季昼间林窗区域不同热力作用面的热力效应初步分析,指出在西双版纳,不论是雾凉季还是湿热季,热带季节雨林林窗边缘壁面均具有不可忽视的热力作用,且由于受林缘树木的影响,热力效应较强的东侧,北侧林缘壁面最大区域出现位置高于次生林林窗,而强度小于次生林林窗,显示了林窗边缘壁面的热力效应除与太阳高度角,太阳辐射的时间长短和强度有关之外,林窗边缘树木高度也是不可忽视的因子,其结果可为进一步研究林窗小气候形成机制提供研究基础,为研究林窗更新及生物多样性问题提供科学参考。     

马立克氏病病毒超强毒感染鸡羽髓蛋白质组分析

【目的】羽毛是细胞游离马立克氏病病毒(Marek’s disease virus,MDV)释放的部位,为了解感染MDV后鸡羽中宿主基因表达的变化及对病毒感染的应答,进行了MDV感染鸡的羽髓蛋白质组学分析。【方法】1日龄无特定病原体(specific pathogen free,SPF)鸡人工感染MDV超强毒RB1B株(1000PFU),感染后21d采集鸡羽毛,提取羽髓蛋白,以17cm,pH5-8的IPG胶条进行二维电泳,以未感染病毒的SPF鸡羽髓蛋白为对照,使用PDQuest软件对二维电泳图谱进行差异蛋白分析,并选取部分差异斑点进行质谱鉴定。【结果】PDQuest软件分析发现攻毒组和对照组表达差异大于两倍的蛋白点有41个,其中攻毒组表达上调的蛋白点25个,下调的蛋白点7个,新出现的蛋白点有9个。质谱分析共成功鉴定了21个斑点,对应于20个蛋白。如载脂蛋白AI(apolipoprotein AI)、14-3-3 sigma(两个斑点均为该蛋白)、癌蛋白18(stathmin)等。【结论】功能预测表明这些蛋白涉及到宿主的抗病毒应答、物质代谢、细胞骨架成分、细胞增殖相关等方面。     

农作物遗传多样性农家保护的现状及前景

农作物地方品种的有效保护是农业生物多样性的可持续利用的基础。由于现代农业的集约化生产方式使大量农作物地方品种被少数高产改良品种所取代,造成农作物基因库的严重“基因流失”（genetic erosion)。农家保护是在农业生态系统中进行的动态保护,被保护的生物多亲性可在其生境中继续进化而产生新的遗传变异,在而是农业生物多样性就地保护的重要途径。然而,尽管人们对作物品种资源农家保护的兴趣不断增长,也有大量有关农家的保护的研究和案例分析,但目前为止还没有比较成功的农家保护实例报道。因此,对农家保护的机制及科学问题进行深入的研究,并寻求一条新的途径来充分发挥农家保护应有的作用,显得格外重要。利用生物多样性布局的水稻混合间栽的生产模式,不仅解决了病害控制的问题,而且也保护了水稻地方品种的多样性。这种混合间栽的生物多样性布局和生产方式可能成为农保护的一条新途径。     

环状病毒M14 dSRNA基因组的进一步研究

M14病毒是1981年从北京郊区捕获的三带喙库蚊中分离获得。其生物学、形态学和理化特性均符合呼肠孤病毒科环状病毒的特点。聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳将其dsRNA基因组分离成11条区带。但最近的进一步研究发现,它是由12个片段的RNA组成。又用猴轮状病毒SA11株作为标准,测定了每个片段的分子量。 白纹伊蚊细胞C6/36纯系,由日本长畸大学热带医学研究A.Igarashi教授惠赠,并照他的方法培养传代。     

Phosphorylation of cardiac troponin I by mammalian sterile 20-like kinase 1

Mst1 (mammalian sterile 20-like kinase 1) is a ubiquitously expressed serine/threonine kinase and its activation in the heart causes cardiomyocyte apoptosis and dilated cardiomyopathy. Its myocardial substrates, however, remain unknown. In a yeast two-hybrid screen of a human heart cDNA library with a dominant-negative Mst1 (K59R) mutant used as bait, cTn [cardiac Tn (troponin)] I was identified as an Mst1-interacting protein. The interaction of cTnI with Mst1 was confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation in both co-transfected HEK-293 cells (human embryonic kidney cells) and native cardiomyocytes, in which cTnI interacted with full-length Mst1, but not with its N-terminal kinase fragment. in vitro phosphorylation assays demonstrated that cTnI is a sensitive substrate for Mst1. In contrast, cTnT was phosphorylated by Mst1 only when it was incorporated into the Tn complex. MS analysis indicated that Mst1 phosphorylates cTnI at Thr(31), Thr(51), Thr(129) and Thr(143). Substitution of Thr(31) with an alanine residue reduced Mst1-mediated cTnI phosphorylation by 90%, whereas replacement of Thr(51), Thr(129) or Thr(143) with alanine residues reduced Mst1-catalysed cTnI phosphorylation by approx. 60%, suggesting that Thr(31) is a preferential phosphorylation site for Mst1. Furthermore, treatment of cardiomyocytes with hydrogen peroxide rapidly induced Mst1-dependent phosphorylation of cTnI at Thr(31). Protein epitope analysis and binding assays showed that Mst1-mediated phosphorylation modulates the molecular conformation of cTnI and its binding affinity to TnT and TnC, thus indicating functional significances. The results of the present study suggest that Mst1 is a novel mediator of cTnI phosphorylation in the heart and may contribute to the modulation of myofilament function under a variety of physiological and pathophysiological conditions.