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61.
Kim JH Odutola JA Popham J Jones L von Laven S 《Journal of inorganic biochemistry》2001,84(1-2):145-150
The stability of the tautomers of each of the three important substrates of xanthine oxidase, xanthine, 2-oxo-6-methylpurine, and lumazine, was examined by quantum mechanical calculations. The geometries of these tautomers were optimized at the AM1, Hartree-Fock (HF/6-31G), and hybrid Hartree-Fock/density functional theory (B3LYP/6-31G(d)) levels of theory. The single point energies of some of the more stable tautomers for each of the substrates were calculated at the B3LYP/6-311 +G(2d,p) level of theory. The Conductor Polarized Continuum Model (CPCM) was used to evaluate the solvent effects on the relative stabilities of these tautomers. The calculations clearly identify the lowest energy tautomeric form for xanthine and lumazine. On the other hand, there appear to be three tautomers for 2-oxo-6-methylpurine, with only minor energetic differences in vacuo. In water, however, only one of them predominates. The lowest energy tautomers presumably represent the predominant tautomeric forms at the molybdenum center of xanthine oxidase during catalysis. Implications of these computational results are discussed in the context of enzyme catalysis. 相似文献
62.
OI Klychnikov AV Drabkin OV Vasilenko YS Pavlov MS Trofimova IN Smolenskaya AA Rozenkranz AS Sobolev AV Babakov 《Biochemistry. Biokhimii?a》1998,63(9):1083-1089
Higher plant plasma membranes carry receptors of different affinity for the phytotoxin fusicoccin. Reception of fusicoccin involves proteins belonging to the highly conserved 14-3-3 family, but the complete structure of the fusicoccin receptor (FCR) is unknown. Using radiation inactivation analysis, we estimated the molecular masses of low-affinity and high-affinity FCR at 63 +/- 7 and 130 +/- 15 kD, respectively. The dose dependences of receptor inactivation indicate that microsomal specimens contain "silent" FCRs of 420 +/- 90 kD in amounts commensurate with that of the active FCRs. Both low- and high-affinity FCRs are inactivated by hydrolytic enzymes from the outer surface of the plasma membrane, and impairment of protoplast integrity causes an irreversible transition of the low-affinity binding site into the high-affinity one. A scheme is proposed for the organization of different types of FCR in the plasma membrane, implying that the membrane affinity for fusicoccin reflects the interaction between proteins in the FCR complex. 相似文献
63.
NaCl-preferring NZB/B1NJ mice and NaCl-avoiding CBA/J mice have similar amiloride inhibition of chorda tympani responses to NaCl 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Integrated chorda tympani nerve responses to NaCl were studied in two mouse
strains, an NaCl-preferring NZB/B1NJ and an NaCl-avoiding CBA/J. The NaCl
responses of both strains had similar magnitude and were suppressed by
amiloride to a similar extent. This suggests that peripheral gustatory
responsiveness to NaCl is not the only mechanism underlying mouse strain
variation in NaCl acceptance.
相似文献
64.
NOBORU FUJINAMI YUKITAKA SUGIMOTO ATSUYOSHI HAGIWAAA 《Development, growth & differentiation》1973,15(2):141-151
Enhancement of the erythroid maturation in Friend virus-induced leukemic cells has been examined in vitro by the treatment with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Although the cell growth was inhibited in the medium containing 2% DMSO, many cells remained viable for a week. By the 3rd day of the culture, the cells treated with DMSO became more strongly agglutinated by phytohemagglutinin than the cells incubated without DMSO. Mouse erythrocyte membrane-specific antigens were also detectable at the 4th day. At the 8th day of the culture hemoglobin synthesis was apparently demonstrated in the cells treated with DMSO, which could not be seen in the untreated cells. Maturation or differentiation along the erythroid pathway in Friend leukemic cells by DMSO is discussed on these markers. 相似文献
65.
Chloramphenicol and Ampicillin-Induced Changes in Rat Hepatic Esterase and Amidase Activities 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The influence of ampicillin and chloramphenicol administered intraperitoneallysingly or in combination on the protein content and the activities of hepaticsterase and amidase have been investigated in rats. The results have beencompared to the effects of phenobarbitone (inducer) andp-nitrophenyl-phosphate (inhibitor) of hepatic hydrolases.Ampicillin pretreatment reduced protein level and amidase activity by3.5% each but caused a significant increase (8.1%) in total esteraseactivity compared to controls. Chloramphenicol treatment caused an overalldecrease in protein level, esterase and amidase activities respectively by11%, 11%, and 35% over controls.Combined administration of both drugs resulted in a decrease in protein,esterase and amidase activities by 11.5%, 12.5%, and 41.2% respectively,thus mimicking the effects obtained with chloramphenicol alone.The changes induced by administration of the drugs particularly incombination on the constituent enzymes of rat hepatic hydrolases may affectthe ability of the body to deal with exposure to environmental chemicals ifextrapolated to man. 相似文献
66.
We have developed a digital image processing technique based on highpass filtering of microfluorimetric images for selective transmission of fine image details corresponding to mitochondria. This technique enabled the detection of the mitochondrial calcium signals with high selectivity, simultaneously with the cytosolic calcium signal. The validity of this technique was supported in primary cultures of rat brain capillary endothelial cells loaded with X-rhod-1 by the results that (i) inhibition of the mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake by discharging the mitochondrial membrane potential selectively abolished the transient of the highpass filtered signal evoked by ATP, and (ii) CGP-37157, a selective blocker of the mitochondrial Na+/Ca2+ exchanger, increased the peak amplitude of highpass filtered (mitochondrial) Ca2+ transients and caused a sustained plateau. The highpass filtering technique enabled the analysis of the mitochondrial Ca2+ transients in high temporal resolution. We found a uniform and monophasic rise of [Ca2+] in the mitochondrial population of the cell, following the cytosolic [Ca2+] with a delay at onset and peak. The introduced highpass filtering technique is a powerful tool in the high spatial and temporal resolution analysis of mitochondrial calcium transients, and it could be especially important in specimens where genetically targeted probes fail. 相似文献
67.
David C Crossman Allison C Morton Julian P Gunn John P Greenwood Alistair S Hall Keith AA Fox Andrew J Lucking Marcus D Flather Belinda Lees Claire E Foley 《Trials》2008,9(1):1-14
Background
Point of care testing (PoCT) may be a useful adjunct in the management of chronic conditions in general practice (GP). The provision of pathology test results at the time of the consultation could lead to enhanced clinical management, better health outcomes, greater convenience and satisfaction for patients and general practitioners (GPs), and savings in costs and time. It could also result in inappropriate testing, increased consultations and poor health outcomes resulting from inaccurate results. Currently there are very few randomised controlled trials (RCTs) in GP that have investigated these aspects of PoCT.Design/Methods
The Point of Care Testing in General Practice Trial (PoCT Trial) was an Australian Government funded multi-centre, cluster randomised controlled trial to determine the safety, clinical effectiveness, cost effectiveness and satisfaction of PoCT in a GP setting. The PoCT Trial covered an 18 month period with the intervention consisting of the use of PoCT for seven tests used in the management of patients with diabetes, hyperlipidaemia and patients on anticoagulant therapy. The primary outcome measure was the proportion of patients within target range, a measure of therapeutic control. In addition, the PoCT Trial investigated the safety of PoCT, impact of PoCT on patient compliance to medication, stakeholder satisfaction, cost effectiveness of PoCT versus laboratory testing, and influence of geographic location.Discussion
The paper provides an overview of the Trial Design, the rationale for the research methodology chosen and how the Trial was implemented in a GP environment. The evaluation protocol and data collection processes took into account the large number of patients, the broad range of practice types distributed over a large geographic area, and the inclusion of pathology test results from multiple pathology laboratories. The evaluation protocol developed reflects the complexity of the Trial setting, the Trial Design and the approach taken within the funding provided. The PoCT Trial is regarded as a pragmatic RCT, evaluating the effectiveness of implementing PoCT in GP and every effort was made to ensure that, in these circumstances, internal and external validity was maintained.Trial Registration
12612605000272695 相似文献68.
69.
JB Farinha DL Dos Santos G Bresciani LF Bard F de Mello ST Stefanello AA Courtes FAA Soares 《Biology of sport / Institute of Sport》2015,32(2):109-114
The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of moderate aerobic training on functional, anthropometric, biochemical, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) parameters on women with metabolic syndrome (MS). Fifteen untrained women with MS performed moderate aerobic training for 15 weeks, without modifications of dietary behaviours. Functional, anthropometric, biochemical, control diet record and HRQOL parameters were assessed before and after the training. Despite body weight maintenance, the patients presented decreases in waist circumference (P = 0.001), number of MS components (P = 0.014), total cholesterol (P = 0.049), HDL cholesterol (P = 0.004), LDL cholesterol (P = 0.027), myeloperoxidase activity (P = 0.002) and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances levels (P = 0.006). There were no differences in total energy, carbohydrate, protein and lipid intake pre- and post-training. Furthermore, improvements in the HRQOL subscales of physical functioning (P = 0.03), role-physical (P = 0.039), bodily pain (P = 0.048), general health (P = 0.046) and social functioning scoring (P = 0.011) were reported. Despite the absence of weight loss, aerobic training induced beneficial effects on functional, anthropometric, biochemical and HRQOL parameters in women with MS. 相似文献