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排序方式: 共有634条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
241.
Katie Lloyd Stamatia Papoutsopoulou Emily Smith Philip Stegmaier Francois Bergey Lorna Morris Madeleine Kittner Hazel England Dave Spiller Mike H. R. White Carrie A. Duckworth Barry J. Campbell Vladimir Poroikov Vitor A. P. Martins dos Santos Alexander Kel Werner Muller D. Mark Pritchard Chris Probert Michael D. Burkitt The SysmedIBD Consortium 《Disease models & mechanisms》2020,13(11)
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Teresa?R. de?Candia S.?Hong Lee Jian Yang Brian?L. Browning Pablo?V. Gejman Douglas?F. Levinson Bryan?J. Mowry John?K. Hewitt Michael?E. Goddard Michael?C. O’Donovan Shaun?M. Purcell Danielle Posthuma the International Schizophrenia Consortium the Molecular Genetics of Schizophrenia Collaboration Peter?M. Visscher Naomi?R. Wray Matthew?C. Keller 《American journal of human genetics》2013,93(3):463-470
To investigate the extent to which the proportion of schizophrenia’s additive genetic variation tagged by SNPs is shared by populations of European and African descent, we analyzed the largest combined African descent (AD [n = 2,142]) and European descent (ED [n = 4,990]) schizophrenia case-control genome-wide association study (GWAS) data set available, the Molecular Genetics of Schizophrenia (MGS) data set. We show how a method that uses genomic similarities at measured SNPs to estimate the additive genetic correlation (SNP correlation [SNP-rg]) between traits can be extended to estimate SNP-rg for the same trait between ethnicities. We estimated SNP-rg for schizophrenia between the MGS ED and MGS AD samples to be 0.66 (SE = 0.23), which is significantly different from 0 (p(SNP-rg = 0) = 0.0003), but not 1 (p(SNP-rg = 1) = 0.26). We re-estimated SNP-rg between an independent ED data set (n = 6,665) and the MGS AD sample to be 0.61 (SE = 0.21, p(SNP-rg = 0) = 0.0003, p(SNP-rg = 1) = 0.16). These results suggest that many schizophrenia risk alleles are shared across ethnic groups and predate African-European divergence. 相似文献
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Somitogenesis is the process by which the segmented precursors of the skeletal muscle and vertebral column are generated during vertebrate embryogenesis. While somitogenesis appears to be a serially homologous, reiterative process, we find that there are differences between the genetic control of early/anterior and late/posterior somitogenesis. We demonstrate that point mutations can cause segmentation defects in either the anterior, middle, or posterior somites in the zebrafish. We find that mutations in zebrafish integrinalpha5 disrupt anterior somite formation, giving a phenotype complementary to the posterior defects seen in the notch pathway mutants after eight/deltaD and deadly seven/notch1a. Double mutants between the notch pathway and integrinalpha5 display somite defects along the entire body axis, with a complete loss of the mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition and Fibronectin matrix assembly in the posterior. Our data suggest that notch- and integrinalpha5-dependent cell polarization and Fibronectin matrix assembly occur concomitantly and interdependently during border morphogenesis. 相似文献
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It takes one to know one: Similarity to resident alien species increases establishment success of new invaders 下载免费PDF全文
Christine S. Sheppard Marta Carboni Franz Essl Hanno Seebens DivGrass Consortium Wilfried Thuiller 《Diversity & distributions》2018,24(5):680-691
Aim
Darwin's naturalization hypothesis states that dissimilarity to native species may benefit alien species establishment due to empty niches and reduced competition. We here add a new dimension to large‐scale tests of community invasibility, investigating the role that previously established alien species play in facilitating or hindering new invasions in plant communities.Location
Permanent grasslands across France (including mainland and Corsica), as a receding ecosystem of great conservation importance.Methods
Focusing on 121 alien plant species occurring in 7,215 vegetation plots, we quantified biotic similarity between new invaders and resident alien species (i.e., alien species with longer residence times) based on phylogenetic and trait distances. Additionally, we calculated distances to native species for each alien species and plot. Using multispecies distribution models, we analysed the influence of these biotic similarity measures and additional covariates on establishment success (presence/absence) of new invaders.Results
We found that biotic similarity to resident alien species consistently increased establishment success of more recently introduced species. Phylogenetic relatedness to previous invaders had an equally strong positive effect as relatedness to native species. Conversely, trait similarity to natives hindered alien establishment as predicted by Darwin's naturalization hypothesis. These results highlight that various mechanisms may act simultaneously to determine alien establishment success.Main conclusions
Our results suggest that, with greater similarity among alien species, invasion success increases. Such a pattern may arise either due to actual facilitation among invaders or as a result of weaker competitive interactions among invaders than between native and alien species, leading to an indirect facilitative effect. Alternatively, recent environmental changes (e.g., eutrophication, climate change) may have added new environmental filters. Determining how initial invasions might pave the road for subsequent invasions is crucial for effective multispecies management decisions and contributes a new aspect to our understanding of community assembly.248.
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Craig C. Teerlink Daniel Leongamornlert Tokhir Dadaev Alun Thomas James Farnham Robert A. Stephenson Shaun Riska Shannon K. McDonnell Daniel J. Schaid William J. Catalona S. Lilly Zheng Kathleen A. Cooney Anna M. Ray Kimberly A. Zuhlke Ethan M. Lange Graham G. Giles Melissa C. Southey Liesel M. Fitzgerald Antje Rinckleb Manuel Luedeke Christiane Maier Janet L. Stanford Elaine A. Ostrander Elina M. Kaikkonen Csilla Sipeky Teuvo Tammela Johanna Schleutker Kathleen E. Wiley Sarah D. Isaacs Patrick C. Walsh William B. Isaacs Jianfeng Xu Geraldine Cancel-Tassin Olivier Cussenot Diptasri Mandal Cecelia Laurie Cathy Laurie The PRACTICAL consortium International Consortium for Prostate Cancer Genetics Stephen N. Thibodeau Rosalind A. Eeles Zsofia Kote-Jarai Lisa Cannon-Albright 《Human genetics》2016,135(8):923-938
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S. Mastrangelo E. Ciani M. T. Sardina G. Sottile F. Pilla B. Portolano the Bi.Ov. Ita Consortium 《Animal genetics》2018,49(1):71-81
The availability of dense single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) assays allows for the determination of autozygous segments based on runs of consecutive homozygous genotypes (ROH). The aim of the present study was to investigate the occurrence and distribution of ROH in 21 Italian sheep breeds using medium‐density SNP genotypes in order to characterize autozygosity and identify genomic regions that frequently appeared in ROH within individuals, namely ROH islands. After filtering, the final number of animals and SNPs retained for analyses were 502 and 46 277 respectively. A total of 12 302 ROH were identified. The mean number of ROH per breed ranged from 10.58 (Comisana) to 44.54 (Valle del Belice). The average length of ROH across breeds was 4.55 Mb and ranged from 3.85 Mb (Biellese) to 5.51 Mb (Leccese). Valle del Belice showed the highest value of inbreeding on the basis of ROH (FROH = 0.099), whereas Comisana showed the lowest (FROH = 0.016), and high standard deviation values revealed high variability in autozygosity levels within each breed. Differences also existed in the length of ROH. Analysis of the distribution of ROH according to their size showed that, for all breeds, the majority of the detected ROH were <10 Mb in length, with a few long ROH >25 Mb. The levels of ROH that we estimated here reflect the inbreeding history of the investigated sheep breeds. These results also highlight that ancient and recent inbreeding have had an impact on the genome of the Italian sheep breeds and suggest that several animals have experienced recent autozygosity events. Comisana and Bergamasca appeared as the less consanguineous breeds, whereas Barbaresca, Leccese and Valle del Belice showed ROH patterns typically produced by recent inbreeding. Moreover, within the genomic regions most commonly associated with ROH, several candidate genes were detected. 相似文献