Sensitivity of Mycoplasma hominis cultures isolated from clinical material to certain antibiotics]

Sensitivity to II antibiotics of 80 strains of M. hominis isolated from patients with various inflammatory processes of the urogenital tract was studied by the method of suppressing the metabolic activity. Inhibition of the arginine metabolism of mycoplasma was used as a test for determination of the growth suppression. All the strains tested were highly sensitive to tetracycline and lincomycin. Kanamycin and neomycin were less active against M. hominis. All the strains tested were resistant to erythromycin, oleandomycin, ristomycin, novobiocin and streptomycin. The inhibitory effect of tetracycline and lincomycin on M. hominis decreased by the 5th day.     

Lysozyme activity in the leukocytes and blood serum of white rats administered massive doses of penicillin preparations]

Activity of lysozyme in the blood serum and leucocytes was determined. The experiments were carried out on albino unbred rats weighing 170 to 200 gm. Benzylpenicillin and oxacillin were administered intramuscularly in doses of 500000 Units/kg or 20000 gamma/kg once every 24 hours for 2, 4 and 6 days. The activity of lysozyme was determined by the turbidimetric and agar-diffusion methods. It was found that the activity of lysozyme in the leucocytes increased by the 5th day accompanied by a simultaneous decrease in its level in the serum followed by reaching the initial values. The data are indicative of the fact that the use of antibiotics in mega-doses is not contraindicated from the point of view of their effect on lysozyme activity.     

Effect of palladium and platinum salts on bacteriophage T4 and its isolated DNA]

The effect of palladium and platinum salts (K2PdCl4, K2PtCl4) on bacteriophage F4 and its isolated DNA in genetic transformation is investigated. Both compounds efficiently inactivated the phage and decreased the transforming activity of donor DNA. The palladium salt exhibited the higher activity. The palladium compounds inhibited the transforming activity of native donor DNA to a greater degree. No difference was observed in the degree of inactivation of the transforming activity of native and denatured DNA under the effect of platinum salt. It is suggested that the difference in the transforming activity of donor DNA treated with the tested compounds reflect the pattern of their interactions with nucleic acids.     

不同生境草鱼肠道微生物组成和群落特征分析

[目的]分析不同生境来源的草鱼前肠、中肠和后肠的微生物组成和群落特征.[方法]利用16S rRNA高通量测序技术比较河流、湖泊、高密度池塘养殖与水库低密度养殖4种不同生境来源的草鱼其前、中、后肠的微生物组成和群落特征.[结果]Venn图、稀释性曲线和Alpha指数分析结果显示,前肠微生物群落多样性以养殖生境草鱼更高,而...     

Genome-wide association study of bronchial asthma in the Volga-Urals region of Russia

Bronchial asthma is a chronic inflammatory respiratory disease caused by a complex interaction of environmental influences and genetic susceptibility. The first genome-wide association study of bronchial asthma discovered a significant association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located within the genomic region 17q12-q21 and childhood bronchial asthma in individuals of European descent. This result was later replicated in a number of independent population samples of European and Asian origin. Here we report the results of the first genome-wide association study of bronchial asthma in the Volga-Urals region of Russia. The study involved 358 unrelated patients with physician-diagnosed bronchial asthma and 369 disease-free control subjects of different ethnicity (Russians, Tatars, and Bashkirs). DNA specimens were genotyped using an Illumina Human610 quad array as a part of the GABRIEL project (EC contract no. LSHB-CT-2006-018996). After QC filtering procedures, a final set of 550 915 SNPs genotyped in 330 patients and 348 controls was tested for association with bronchial asthma. Five markers on chromosome 17q12-21 showed significant association with bronchial asthma (p ≤ 4.79 × 10⁻⁷). The rs7216389 SNP located in GSDMB intron 1 showed the strongest evidence for association (p = 1.01 × 10⁻⁷). Association with childhood asthma (p = 1.97 × 10⁻⁶ for rs7216389) was stronger than with late-onset asthma (p = 1.8 × 10⁻⁴ for rs7216389). A replication study of three SNPs located within GSDMB confirmed association only with childhood asthma. In sum, these results suggest that genetic variants of 17q12–q21 play an important role in susceptibility to bronchial asthma in the Volga-Urals region of Russia.     

真盐生植物盐地碱蓬根系边缘细胞在耐盐中的作用初探

以黄河三角洲潮间带盐地碱蓬种子生成的幼苗为材料,研究了NaCl胁迫对盐地碱蓬生长与根系边缘细胞的影响。盐地碱蓬的第一个边缘细胞几乎与根尖同步产生,当根长达到13mm时,边缘细胞数目达到最大值。NaCl胁迫抑制边缘细胞的活性,但低浓度的NaCl处理增加边缘细胞的数目。低浓度NaCl处理时果胶甲基酯酶（PME）的活性比对照有明显增加,超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性随着NaCl浓度的增加呈现先上升后下降的趋势,低浓度NaCl可以增加盐地碱蓬根内过氧化氢酶（CAT）的活性,NaCl处理时间和处理浓度都对过氧化物酶（POD）活性的影响不明显。这些结果表明,盐地碱蓬至少部分通过增加调控活性氧（ROS）水平增加PME活性及根系边缘细胞数目来抵抗NaCl胁迫。     

滑刃属一新种记述(滑刃目,滑刃科)

2002年从山东省乳山市牛筋草的根际土壤中发现滑刃属1新种,类刷尾滑刃线虫 Aphelenchoides parabrushmucronatus sp.nov,.该虫具有以下特征:雌虫虫体中等;唇区较高,缢缩明显;中食道球卵圆形;生殖系统发育良好,卵母细胞单列,受精囊和后阴子宫囊都含较大的圆形精子;雌虫尾圆柱形,尾端中间具有1试管刷状尾尖突.A.appendurus Singh,1967在形态上与新种相似,区别在于前者有两条侧线,虫体和口针更长,尾巴相对较短(L=720-880μm;stylet=16～17μm;tail=38.4μm).A.seiachicus Nesterov,1973在形态上也与新种相似,区别在于前者虫体更小,口针、尾巴更短(L=370-420μm;stylet=9.5μm;c'=3).     

基于地统计学的黄土高寒区典型林地土壤水分盈亏状况研究

土壤水分是黄土高寒区水循环、地下水补给和植被恢复的关键因素,基于地统计学研究土壤水分空间分布及其盈亏状况,揭示林地土壤水分的空间分布规律、变异特征及空间结构,对于区域植被恢复具有重要价值。以大通县安门滩小流域人工林地作为研究对象,运用地统计学方法对其5月、7月和9月的土壤储水量、林地耗水量和土壤水分盈亏量进行综合分析。研究结果表明:(1)土壤储水量总体表现为9月5月7月,而林地耗水量为7月9月5月,5—7月绝大多数林地的土壤水分呈亏损状态,而7—9月所有林地土壤水分都得到了补充,总体来看,5—9月研究区多数林地的土壤水分有所盈余,土壤储水量、林地耗水量和土壤水分盈亏量均采用指数模型作为最优理论变异函数模型;(2)5月、7月和9月土壤储水量呈南高北低、西高东低的空间分异规律,且西南-东北方向变异较东南-西北方向剧烈;各月林地耗水量在西南-东北方向变异较东南-西北方向剧烈,总体表现为西南部区域低于东北部区域;在5—7月、7—9月和5—9月这三个时期内,土壤水分盈亏量的取值均呈现出东北部区域小于西南部区域的特点。综上,当地土壤水分状况与林地耗水量分布格局并不完全匹配,虽然绝大部分林分能够维持土壤水分收支平衡,但部分山脚处的青杨林地和中部区域的华北落叶松林地出现了土壤水分亏损的现象。为防止林地水分环境恶化,在之后黄土高寒区的植被建设过程中,应适当调整林分配置。