长白山北坡静水水体中水甲虫分布与环境关系的典范对应分析

应用典范对应分析（CCA）对长白山北坡静水水体12个样点中28种水甲虫与环境关系的研究表明,长白山5种环境因子中水底腐殖化程度和海拔对水甲虫的分布起主要作用,与排序轴的相关系灵敏分别高达0.8371和0.7206,而水温和植被密度也有较大的影响,在环境因子的影响下不同生境中水甲虫分布的种群不同,深刻斜凹龙虱,端钩切眼龙虱,布朗沟牙甲,沼梭科水甲虫等主要分布在深水区,与水温没有关系。而异毛龙虱和舟型牙甲等与海拔和水泡子的腐殖化程度呈正相关。     

A new system for understanding the biodiversity in different nature reserves:capacity,connectivity and quality of biodiversity

In this paper,we propose a new system for understanding the biodiversity in different conservation areas.It includes three aspects:the capacity,the connectivity and the quality.The capacity refers to the numbers of biodiversity,including absolute and relative richness of the vegetation types Nv and Dv = (Nv-1)/lnA,species numbers S and richness of species dGI = (S- 1)/lnA,and germ plasm resources within a nature reserve,and also the potential biological living space offered by the natural resource.It comprises the total biological resources in a nature reserve.The connectivity refers to the flux of biodiversity,including similarity and connected status of the vegetation types SILi = 2z/(x + y) and species numbers SIc = 2z/(x + y) among different nature reserves.The quality refers to the stability of biodiversity,including relative species richness index RSLi = d/dmax,relative vegetation richness index RVLi =Dv/Dmaxv,fastness to invasion species fLi = 1-Si/St,weighted values,representativeness and vulnerability of special vegetations,special species,CITES species and rare species as the protected targets.     

On the origin of Metazoan adhesion receptors: cloning of integrin alpha subunit from the sponge Geodia cydonium

Integrins are prominent receptors known from vertebrates and the higher phyla of invertebrates. Until now, no evidence has been provided for the existence of integrins in the lowest Metazoa, the sponges (Porifera). We have isolated and characterized a cDNA clone encoding the alpha subunit of integrin from the marine sponge Geodia cydonium (GCINTEG). The open reading frame encodes a polypeptide of 1,086 residues (118 kDa). The intracellular domain features the sequence Tyr- Phe-x-Gly-Phe-Phe-x-Arg, which is different in one residue from the characteristic consensus pattern for integrin alpha subunits. We conclude that sponges, the oldest multicellular animal phylum, already utilize the structural elements which are required for a tuned and controlled interaction among cells, and between cells and the extracellular matrix.      

流感病毒的检测和分型技术研究进展

近年来,病毒性流感的不断流行和暴发已引起世界范围的广泛关注。为了更好地对流感病毒进行检测和分型,我们对目前流感病毒常用的血清学检测和分型方法、免疫荧光法、PCR方法、多重RT-PCR法、实时RT-PCR法、依赖核酸序列的扩增法、环介导等温扩增法、焦磷酸测序法、基因芯片技术分别进行了描述,并阐述了其优缺点。     

A rapid technique to predict malting quality in barley prior to harvest

Samples of grain from three spring barley cultivars of differing malting quality were collected at regular intervals during four weeks prior to harvest. The samples were dried, then assessed for relative grain hardness using the "Milling Energy" test. Ranking order of the cultivars for this character, which relates strongly to malting quality, was unaltered throughout. In a further experiment, it was demonstrated that selection for milling energy could be successfully practised on oven-dried grain collected six weeks after ear emergence.     

Amplification and chromosomal dispersion of human endogenous retroviral sequences.

Endogenous retroviral sequences in humans have undergone amplification events involving both viral and flanking cellular sequences. We cloned members of an amplified family of full-length endogenous retroviral sequences. Genomic blotting, employing a flanking cellular DNA probe derived from a member of this family, revealed a similar array of reactive bands in both humans and chimpanzees, indicating that an amplification event involving retroviral and associated cellular DNA sequences occurred before the evolutionary separation of these two primates. Southern analyses of restricted somatic cell hybrid DNA preparations suggested that endogenous retroviral segments are widely dispersed in the human genome and that amplification and dispersion events may be linked.     

RNA binding proteins of the large subunit of bovine mitochondrial ribosomes.

RNA binding properties of proteins from the large subunit of bovine mitochondrial ribosomes were studied using four different approaches: binding of radiolabeled RNA to western blotted proteins; disassembly of the intact 39 S ribosomal subunits with urea; binding of ribosomal proteins to RNA in the presence of urea; and binding of proteins extracted with lithium chloride to RNA. Results from these four approaches allowed us to identify a set of six proteins (L7, L13, L14, L21, L26, and L44) which appear to be strong RNA binding proteins. Seven additional proteins (L8, L11, L28, L35, L40, L49, and L50) were identified as secondary RNA binding proteins. RNA binding properties of the proteins in both of these sets were compared with the topographic disposition and susceptibility towards lithium chloride extraction of the individual proteins. Proteins from the first set are good candidates for early assembly proteins since they have a high affinity for RNA, are generally found in 4M lithium chloride core particles, and are among the most buried proteins in the 39 S subunit.     

Integrated R2 sequence in mitochondria of fertile B37N maize encodes and expresses a 130 kD polypeptide similar to that encoded by the S2 episome of S-type male sterile plants.

Expression of a 130 kDa protein from open reading frame 1 of the integrated form of the R2 mitochondrial plasmid in normal mitochondria of B37 and other inbred lines is described. The protein appears identical to that synthesized by the closely related S2 episome found in cytoplasmic male sterile maize of the S type. Protein was detected using antisera raised against a beta-galactosidase:ORF1 fusion product containing the most antigenic region of the ORF1 product. Detection of this protein is in contrast to previous reports that mitochondria of normal, male-fertile lines either do not contain this protein, or that there are 11 in-frame stop codons in the reading frame. The integrated R2 of B37N was cloned and this region sequenced, confirming that a continuous open reading frame existed. These results are discussed in relation to the possible role of the S-type episomes in causing cytoplasmic male sterility.     

The human chromogranin A gene: chromosome assignment and RFLP analysis.

Chromogranin A/secretory protein I (CgA) is a glycoprotein that is stored and released along with peptide hormones and neurotransmitters from several tissues, although its exact function is not known. A cDNA (gene symbol CHGA) clone was used as a probe in Southern blot analyses of human-rodent somatic cell hybrid DNAs. Discordancy analysis allowed confirmation of the assignment of the gene to chromosome 14. These results were extended using in situ chromosome hybridization, and a signal was found at 14q32. BglII digestion of genomic DNA from 28 unrelated Caucasian individuals probed with CHGA detected a two-allele RFLP with allelic frequencies of .34 and .66.