The gene for human transforming growth factor alpha is on the short arm of chromosome 2

Transforming growth factor alpha is a polypeptide growth factor that participates in the reversible transformation of cells in vitro and is secreted by many transformed cell lines. It also shares sequence and functional homologies with epidermal growth factor. Working with a cloned cDNA probe (lambda hTGF1-10) and derivatives, we have mapped this gene (TGFA) to 2p13 with the use of somatic cell hybrids and in situ hybridization. This is the same region involved in the 2;8 translocations of Burkitt lymphoma. Such a rearrangement could orient c-myc (8q24) adjacent to TGFA, resulting in activation of one or both of these genes.     

Assignment of the pepsinogen gene complex (PGA) to human chromosome region 11q13 by in situ hybridization

The genes coding for human pepsinogen (PGA3, PGA4, and PGA5) were assigned to chromosome region 11q13 by in situ hybridization. Previously we localized the PGA gene complex to a centromeric region of chromosome 11 (p11----q13) by Southern blot analysis of mouse-human somatic cell hybrids. Our in situ hybridization results confirm this assignment and further localize the genes to a smaller region on the long arm.     

Human genes for insulin-like growth factors I and II and epidermal growth factor are located on 12q22----q24.1, 11p15, and 4q25----q27, respectively

The genes coding for insulin-like growth factors I and II and epidermal growth factor have been localized to human chromosomes 12q22----q24.1, 11p15, and 4q25----q27, respectively.     

Effects of Net and Local Charges on the Interaction between Chemically-Modified Horse Heart Cytochrome c and P700 in Photosystem 1-Enriched Subchloroplast Particles

Effects of salt and pH on the re-reduction of P700 by chemically-modifiedhorse heart cytochrome c after a flash illumination were examinedin Triton-treated P700- enriched subchloroplast particles (TSF-1particles). At low salt concentrations net charges on the membrane surfaceand native, guanidinated or succinylated cytochrome c were majorfactors that determined the reaction rates, as in the reactionbetween plastocyanin and P700 [Tamura et al. (1981) Plant &Cell Physiol. 22: 603]. The reaction rates also depended onreactant-specific factors, particularly the localized distributionof charges on macromolecules and their interaction over shortdistances, as well as on long-range Coulombic interaction. Theeffect of this type became clearer at high salt concentrations. (Received October 7, 1982; Accepted December 20, 1982)     

Blue light induced inhibition of seed germination: The necessity of the fruit coats for the blue light response

The seeds (achenes) of Laportea bulbifera require a chilling to break their dormancy and are negatively photoblastic. Their germination is inhibited by both continuous blue light and continuous or prolonged far-red radiation. The germination of de-coated seeds, prepared by removing the fruit coats, however, was strongly inhibited by continuous far-red, but not by continuous blue light. Photoreversible germination by a brief irradiation with red light occurred when the chilled seeds were exposed to prolonged far-red light. These results suggest that far-red light may regulate the germination of L. bulbifera seeds through the phytochrome system which exists in the regions other than fruit coats and that the blue light reaction may be governed by other photoreceptor system(s).