A recent phylogenetic analysis of the Myxinidae based on the
16S rRNA gene resulted in synonymization of
Paramyxine with
Eptatretus. This created homonymy of
Paramyxine fernholmi with
Eptatretus fernholmi and
Paramyxine wisneri with
Eptatretus wisneri. In order to resolve this nomenclatural dilemma, we made a more extensive phylogenetic assessment of the Myxinidae and examined the nomenclature of the family. We used 75 sequences (37 of which new for this study) of a 561 bp fragment of the
16S rRNA gene, representing 33 species, and 72 sequences (37 of which new for this study) of a 687 bp fragment of the
cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (
COI) gene, representing 23 species, to reconstruct the phylogeny of Myxinidae. The monophyly of the subfamily Myxininae, traditionally characterized by having a single pair of external gill openings, was rejected (0.50 Bayesian posterior probability) by the
16S analysis, but supported by the
COI and combined
COI+
16S analyses (0.99 and 0.81 Bpp, respectively). The monophyly of the subfamily Eptatretinae, characterized by having several pairs of external gill openings, was not supported by the
16S analysis and rejected by the
COI and combined
COI+
16S analysis due to the placement of
Eptatretus lopheliae as the earliest branch of Myxinidae (0.71 and 0.57 Bpp, respectively).
Eptatretus lopheliae and
Eptatretus rubicundus formed a monophyletic group and were allocated to a new genus,
Rubicundus, characterized by the presence of an elongated tubular nostril and reddish coloration. A new monotypic subfamily, Rubicundinae, was proposed for
Rubicundus. The synonymy of the genera
Paramyxine and
Quadratus with
Eptatretus was confirmed.
E. fernholmi is renamed
Eptatretus luzonicus. Eptatretus wisneri was renamed
Eptatretus bobwisneri. Petromyzon cirrhatus Forster, 1801,
Homea banksii Fleming, 1822, and
Bdellostoma forsteri Müller, 1836 are synonyms, but no type specimens are known to exist.
Petromyzon cirrhatus was designated as type species of
Eptatretus, conserving present usage.
Gastrobranchus dombeyi Shaw, 1804 has priority over other names for Chilean myxinids.
Bdellostoma stoutii was designated as type species of
Polistotrema Gill. The validity of the Western Atlantic
Myxine limosa as distinct from the Eastern Atlantic
Myxine glutinosa was confirmed.
相似文献