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91.
Jesús Vaquero Mercedes Zurita Miguel A. Rico Concepcion Aguayo Cecilia Fernandez Gregorio Rodriguez-Boto Esperanza Marin Noemi Tapiador Marta Sevilla Joaquin Carballido David Vazquez Damian Garcia-Olmo Hector Guadalajara Miguel Leon Ignacio Valverde 《Cytotherapy》2018,20(6):796-805
Background aims
Recently, clinical studies show that cell therapy with mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) improves the sequelae chronically established in paraplegic patients, being necessary to know which of them can obtain better benefit.Methods
We present here a phase 2 clinical trial that includes six paraplegic patients with post-traumatic syringomyelia who received 300 million MSCs inside the syrinx and who were followed up for 6 months. Clinical scales, urodynamic, neurophysiological, magnetic resonance (MR) and studies of ano-rectal manometry were performed to assess possible improvements.Results
In all the cases, MR at the end of the study showed a clear reduction of the syrinx, and, at this time, signs of improvement in the urodynamic studies were found. Moreover, four patients improved in ano-rectal manometry. Four patients improved in neurophysiological studies, with signs of improvement in evoked potentials in three patients. In the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) assessment, only two patients improved in sensitivity, but clinical improvement in neurogenic bowel dysfunction was observed in four patients and three patients described improvement in bladder dysfunction. Spasms reduced in two of the five patients who had them previous to cell therapy, and spasticity was improved in the other two patients. Three patients had neuropathic pain before treatment, and it was reduced or disappeared completely during the study. Only two adverse events ocurred, without relation to the cell therapy.Conclusions
Cell therapy can be considered as a new alternative to the treatment of post-traumatic syringomyelia, achieving reduction of syrinx and clinical improvements in individual patients. 相似文献92.
Ingrid Kjos Katharina Vestre Noemi Antonella Guadagno Marita Borg Distefano Cinzia Progida 《Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/Molecular Cell Research》2018,1865(10):1397-1409
The intracellular movement and positioning of organelles and vesicles is mediated by the cytoskeleton and molecular motors. Small GTPases like Rab and Arf proteins are main regulators of intracellular transport by connecting membranes to cytoskeleton motors or adaptors. However, it is becoming clear that interactions between these small GTPases and the cytoskeleton are important not only for the regulation of membrane transport. In this review, we will cover our current understanding of the mechanisms underlying the connection between Rab and Arf GTPases and the cytoskeleton, with special emphasis on the double role of these interactions, not only in membrane trafficking but also in membrane and cytoskeleton remodeling. Furthermore, we will highlight the most recent findings about the fine control mechanisms of crosstalk between different members of Rab, Arf, and Rho families of small GTPases in the regulation of cytoskeleton organization. 相似文献
93.
94.
Description and Phylogeny of Urostyla grandis wiackowskii subsp. nov. (Ciliophora,Hypotricha) from an Estuarine Mangrove in Brazil 下载免费PDF全文
Thiago da Silva Paiva Chen Shao Noemi Mendes Fernandes Bárbara do Nascimento Borges Inácio Domingos da Silva‐Neto 《The Journal of eukaryotic microbiology》2016,63(2):247-261
Interphase specimens, aspects of physiological reorganization and divisional morphogenesis were investigated in a strain of a hypotrichous ciliate highly similar to Urostyla grandis Ehrenberg, 1830 (type species of Urostyla), collected from a mangrove area in the estuary of the Paraíba do Sul river (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil). The results revealed that albeit interphase specimens match with the known morphologic variability in U. grandis, morphogenetic processes have conspicuous differences. Parental adoral zone is entirely renewed during morphogenesis, and marginal cirri exhibit a unique combination of developmental modes, in which left marginal rows originate from multiple anlagen arising from innermost left marginal cirral row, whereas right marginal ciliature originates from individual within‐row anlagen. Based on such characteristics, a new subspecies, namely U. grandis wiackowskii subsp. nov. is proposed, and consequently, U. grandis grandis Ehrenberg, 1830 stat. nov. is established. Bayesian and maximum‐likelihood analyses of the 18S rDNA unambiguously placed U. grandis wiackowskii as adelphotaxon of a cluster formed by other U. grandis sequences. The implications of such findings to the systematics of Urostyla are discussed. 相似文献
95.
The behavior of the activity of the rate-limiting enzyme of the biosynthesis of purines, amidophosphoribosyltransferase (EC 2.4.2.14), and of the catabolism, xanthine oxidase (EC 1.2.3.2), was elucidated in primary renal cell carcinomas in human and in chemically-induced, transplantable renal cell carcinomas in rat. Enzyme activities were measured in the supernatant fluid prepared by centrifugation of 5% homogenates at 100,000 X for 30 min. The activities in human and rat kidney for amidotransferase were 2.0 ± 0.2 and 8.9 ± 0.4 and for xanthine oxidase 0.4 ± 0.09 and 5.5 ± 0.3 μmol per hr/per mg protein x 10?2, respectively. In the human and rat tumors the activities of amidotransferase increased 1.5? to 2.7-fold and of xanthine oxidase decreased to 25 to 69% of those of the respective controls. The ratios of the activities of amidotransferase/xanthine oxidase were increased 2.1? and 5.3-fold in the tumors.Since amidotransferase activity increased and xanthine oxidase decreased in all examined kidney tumors, the alterations in the activities of these enzymes appeared to be linked with neoplastic transformation. With the reciprocal alterations in activity of the synthetic enzyme, amidotransferase, and the concurrent decrease in that of the catabolic enzyme, xanthine oxidase, the reprogramming of gene expression resulted in an imbalance that favors the synthetic over the degradative capacity. These results indicate the applicability of the pattern of enzymic imbalance discovered in rat hepatomas to human and rat kidney neoplasia. 相似文献
96.
In Vitro Susceptibility of Environmental Isolates of Exophiala dermatitidis to Five Antifungal Drugs
Ana Paula Miranda Duarte Fernando Carlos Pagnocca Noemi Carla Baron Marcia de Souza Carvalho Melhem Gislene Aparecida Palmeira Dejanira de Franceschi de Angelis Derlene Attili-Angelis 《Mycopathologia》2013,175(5-6):455-461
Several dematiaceous fungi frequently isolated from nature are involved in cases of superficial lesions to lethal cerebral infections. Antifungal susceptibility data on environmental and clinical isolates are still sparse despite the advances in testing methods. The objective of this study was to examine the activities of 5-flucytosine, amphotericin B, itraconazole, voriconazole and terbinafine against environmental isolates of Exophiala strains by minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) determination. The strains were obtained from hydrocarbon-contaminated soil, ant cuticle and fungal pellets from the infrabuccal pocket of attine gynes. Broth microdilution assay using M38-A2 reference methodology for the five antifungal drugs and DNA sequencing for fungal identification were applied. Terbinafine was the most active drug against the tested strains. It was observed that amphotericin B was less effective, notably against Exophiala spinifera, also studied. High MICs of 5-flucytosine against Exophiala dermatitidis occurred. This finding highlights the relevance of studies on the antifungal resistance of these potential opportunistic species. Our results also contribute to a future improvement of the standard methods to access the drug efficacy currently applied to black fungi. 相似文献
97.
Iñigo Zabalgogeazcoa Amador Alvarez Noemi Herrero Beatriz R. Vazquez-de-Aldana 《Mycotoxin Research》2018,34(1):49-57
Fumonisins were first discovered in Fusarium verticillioides, a fungus associated to disease and asymptomatic infections in maize. Afterwards, other fungal taxa have been found to produce fumonisins. The entomopathogenic ascomycete Tolypocladium cylindrosporum has been isolated from soil and also as an endophyte from leaves of grasses. The objectives of this work were to determine the in vitro production of fumonisin B (FB) mycotoxins and the immunosuppressive compound cyclosporine A (CyA) in several strains of T. cylindrosporum, and to examine the effect of fungal virus infection and temperature in FB production. FB1 was detected in 30% of the strains, ranging from 0.16 to 5.52 μg cm?2 in solid media, and FB2 was detected in 78% of the strains, ranging from 0.764 to 40.92 μg cm?2. CyA was not detected in any strain. The mean FB2 concentration of the endophytic strain Tc37W was three times greater (p?<?0.05) than that of any other strain. Up to 34% more of FB2 was detected in strains infected by the virus TcV3 than in the corresponding virus-free versions. The effect of temperature on FB2 content was interactively significantly dependent on fungal strain and growth medium; in the YES medium, the FB2 of virus-infected strains Tc37-1V and Tc37W increased by 67 and 16%, respectively, at 26 °C as compared to 20 °C. The FB concentration in some fungal strains was similar to that in fungi associated to food and feed intoxications. 相似文献
98.
Vito A. G. Ricigliano Renato Umeton Lorenzo Germinario Eleonora Alma Martina Briani Noemi Di Segni Dalma Montesanti Giorgia Pierelli Fabiana Cancrini Cristiano Lomonaco Francesca Grassi Gabriella Palmieri Marco Salvetti 《PloS one》2013,8(8)
The factual value of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for the understanding of multifactorial diseases is a matter of intense debate. Practical consequences for the development of more effective therapies do not seem to be around the corner. Here we propose a pragmatic and objective evaluation of how much new biology is arising from these studies, with particular attention to the information that can help prioritize therapeutic targets. We chose multiple sclerosis (MS) as a paradigm disease and assumed that, in pre-GWAS candidate-gene studies, the knowledge behind the choice of each gene reflected the understanding of the disease prior to the advent of GWAS. Importantly, this knowledge was based mainly on non-genetic, phenotypic grounds. We performed single-gene and pathway-oriented comparisons of old and new knowledge in MS by confronting an unbiased list of candidate genes in pre-GWAS association studies with those genes exceeding the genome-wide significance threshold in GWAS published from 2007 on. At the single gene level, the majority (94 out of 125) of GWAS-discovered variants had never been contemplated as plausible candidates in pre-GWAS association studies. The 31 genes that were present in both pre- and post-GWAS lists may be of particular interest in that they represent disease-associated variants whose pathogenetic relevance is supported at the phenotypic level (i.e. the phenotypic information that steered their selection as candidate genes in pre-GWAS association studies). As such they represent attractive therapeutic targets. Interestingly, our analysis shows that some of these variants are targets of pharmacologically active compounds, including drugs that are already registered for human use. Compared with the above single-gene analysis, at the pathway level GWAS results appear more coherent with previous knowledge, reinforcing some of the current views on MS pathogenesis and related therapeutic research. This study presents a pragmatic approach that helps interpret and exploit GWAS knowledge. 相似文献
99.
Matteo Ramazzotti Irene Stefanini Monica Di Paola Carlotta De Filippo Lisa Rizzetto Luisa Berná Leonardo Dapporto Damariz Rivero Noemi Tocci Tobias Weil Marcello S. Lenucci Paolo Lionetti Duccio Cavalieri 《Environmental microbiology》2019,21(1):50-71
The quest to discover the variety of ecological niches inhabited by Saccharomyces cerevisiae has led to research in areas as diverse as wineries, oak trees and insect guts. The discovery of fungal communities in the human gastrointestinal tract suggested the host's gut as a potential reservoir for yeast adaptation. Here, we report the existence of yeast populations associated with the human gut (HG) that differ from those isolated from other human body sites. Phylogenetic analysis on 12 microsatellite loci and 1715 combined CDSs from whole-genome sequencing revealed three subclusters of HG strains with further evidence of clonal colonization within the host's gut. The presence of such subclusters was supported by other genomic features, such as copy number variation, absence/introgressions of CDSs and relative polymorphism frequency. Functional analysis of CDSs specific of the different subclusters suggested possible alterations in cell wall composition and sporulation features. The phenotypic analysis combined with immunological profiling of these strains further showed that sporulation was related with strain-specific genomic characteristics in the immune recognition pattern. We conclude that both genetic and environmental factors involved in cell wall remodelling and sporulation are the main drivers of adaptation in S. cerevisiae populations in the human gut. 相似文献
100.
Piccoli G Verpelli C Tonna N Romorini S Alessio M Nairn AC Bachi A Sala C 《Journal of proteome research》2007,6(8):3203-3215
Following long-term treatment with bicuculline and tetrodotoxin (TTX) aimed at modifying synaptic activity in cultured neurons, we used a proteomic approach to identify the associated changes in protein expression. The neurons were left untreated, or treated with bicuculline or TTX, and fractionated by means of differential detergent extraction, after which the proteins in each fraction were separated by means of two-dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis, and 57 proteins of interest were identified by mass spectrometry. The proteins that showed altered expression and/or post-translational modifications include proteins or enzymes involved in regulating cell and protein metabolism, the cytoskeleton, or mitochondrial activity. These results suggest that extensive alterations in neuronal protein expression take place as a result of increased or decreased synaptic activity. 相似文献