High-performance liquid chromatography of peptides on a macroreticular cation-exchange resin: Application to peptide mapping of Bence-Jones proteins

A high-performance liquid chromatography system has been developed for analytical peptide mapping and preparative peptide separation. The method uses a macroreticular cation-exchange resin of the styrene-divinylbenzene type, having a relatively small particle size (6 ± 1 μm) and a high crosslinkage (35%). Elution was performed with a linear gradient of increasing salt and organic solvent concentration for monitoring the effluent at 210 nm. The system showed remarkable peak resolution and excellent mechanical and chemical stability, and high precision analysis of tryptic digests of S-aminoethyl Bence-Jones proteins was achleved in less than 120 min with nanomolar to micromolar quantities of the samples. The isolated peptides could be subjected to subsequent chemical determinations directly or after simple desslting process.     

The use of liposomes in aspergillus niger van tieghem mannosylation:in vitro studies

The use of dolichyl phosphate-containing liposomes in glycoprotein biosynthesis under conditions that control the transfer of exogenous dolichyl phosphate from liposomes to microsomes is described. The exogenously added dolichyl phosphate is available for mannosylation, and direct evidence for the role of dolichyl phosphate as intermediate in protein mannosylation was shown by use of liposomes containing dolichyl [¹⁴C]mannosyl phosphate.     

Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease Increases the Risk of Systemic Complications and Mortality. A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of 12 620 736 Individuals

ObjectiveThe recent introduction of the term metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) sought to reclassify nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). MAFLD is thought to improve the encapsulation of metabolic dysregulation. However, recent evidence has found significant differences between MAFLD and NAFLD, and prevailing knowledge has largely arisen from studies on NAFLD. Hence, we conducted a meta-analysis and systematic review of the outcomes associated with MAFLD.MethodsMEDLINE and Embase databases were searched for articles relating to outcomes in MAFLD. Analysis was conducted in random effects with hazard ratios (HRs) to account for longitudinal risk assessment of mortality and systemic complications.ResultsA total of 554 articles were identified, of which 17 articles were included. MAFLD resulted in an increase in the overall mortality (HR, 1.24; confidence interval [CI], 1.13-1.34), cancer-related mortality (HR, 1.27; CI, 1.01-1.54), and cardiovascular disease mortality (HR, 1.28, 1.03-1.53; P = .04) compared with non-MAFLD. MAFLD also increases the risk of cardiovascular events (HR, 1.49; CI, 1.34-1.64; P < .01), stroke (HR, 1.55; CI, 1.37-1.73; P < .01), and chronic kidney disease (HR, 1.53; CI, 1.38-1.68). The presence of MAFLD was also associated with an increased risk of heart failure, obstructive sleep apnea, and malignancy.ConclusionMAFLD can significantly elevate the risk of systemic diseases and mortality. The care of MAFLD thus requires interdisciplinary collaboration, and future clinical trials conducted on MAFLD should aim to reduce the incidence of end-organ damage aside from improving liver histology.     

Oscillation in the Growth Rate and a Shortening of the Lag Time for IAA Response by Cotyledons, Gibberellic Acid and Sucrose in Bean Hypocotyls

Oscillation in the growth rate as well the lag time for an IAAresponse in bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) hypocotyls were studiedwith a displacement transducer. The growing zone of the hypocotylshowed continuous oscillation in the growth rates for intactseedlings, hypocotyl explants with or without cotyledons, andexplants submerged in water. The lag time for the IAA response was shortened by the presenceof cotyledon tissues as well as by preliminary treatment withgibberellic acid and sucrose. When IAA first was applied tothe basal cut surface then to the upper cut surface of the hypocotylexplant, two growth responses with distinct lag periods werefound. The difference in the passage of auxin due to the directionof transport in the hypocotyl is discussed. (Received February 9, 1983; Accepted August 9, 1983)