全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1273篇 |
免费 | 95篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 7篇 |
2021年 | 18篇 |
2020年 | 10篇 |
2019年 | 16篇 |
2018年 | 23篇 |
2017年 | 21篇 |
2016年 | 29篇 |
2015年 | 49篇 |
2014年 | 45篇 |
2013年 | 67篇 |
2012年 | 85篇 |
2011年 | 84篇 |
2010年 | 60篇 |
2009年 | 38篇 |
2008年 | 74篇 |
2007年 | 59篇 |
2006年 | 72篇 |
2005年 | 81篇 |
2004年 | 73篇 |
2003年 | 64篇 |
2002年 | 42篇 |
2001年 | 29篇 |
2000年 | 32篇 |
1999年 | 30篇 |
1998年 | 14篇 |
1997年 | 8篇 |
1996年 | 8篇 |
1995年 | 7篇 |
1994年 | 7篇 |
1992年 | 20篇 |
1991年 | 10篇 |
1990年 | 11篇 |
1989年 | 12篇 |
1988年 | 13篇 |
1987年 | 21篇 |
1986年 | 6篇 |
1985年 | 12篇 |
1984年 | 11篇 |
1983年 | 9篇 |
1982年 | 7篇 |
1981年 | 8篇 |
1979年 | 9篇 |
1978年 | 8篇 |
1977年 | 8篇 |
1975年 | 6篇 |
1974年 | 4篇 |
1973年 | 8篇 |
1972年 | 4篇 |
1970年 | 9篇 |
1966年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有1368条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
51.
Efficient modification of the myostatin gene in porcine somatic cells and generation of knockout piglets
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Molecular reproduction and development》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
52.
Murakami Shinsuke Nakatani Jun Nakajima Kenichi Amasawa Eri Ii Ryota Hayashi Kiyotada Yoshikawa Naoki Daigo Ichiro Kishita Yusuke Ihara Tomohiko Shobatake Koichi Kudoh Yuki Motoshita Masaharu Kanemoto Keiichiro Hara Minako Kashiwagi Aiichiro Hashimoto Seiji Shigetomi Yosuke Kanzaki Masayuki Kikuchi Yasunori Ohno Hajime Fukushima Yasuhiro 《The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment》2019,24(8):1544-1552
The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment - 相似文献
53.
Naoki Yokokawa Emi Kikuchi‐Uehara Eri Amasawa Hirokazu Sugiyama Masahiko Hirao 《Journal of Industrial Ecology》2019,23(5):1253-1263
This study analyzed the environmental impacts of packaging‐derived changes in food production and consumer behavior to assist packaging designers in making environmentally conscious decisions. Packaging can be functionalized to prevent food loss and waste (FLW), for example, extending the expiration date and apportioning the package size, but it can generate additional environmental impacts from changes in food and packaging production. Previous studies assessed additional impacts from packaging production; however, the effects of packaging functionalization are yet to be connected with food production and consumer behavior. To examine the effect of functionalization on these aspects, we analyzed packaging‐derived changes in food production for milk and cabbage products. The case study compared products with functionalized packaging that permits a longer expiration date or a smaller portion size to their base‐case products. Our results showed that the packaging‐derived changes increased the global warming potential (GWP) of food production more than other processes did. Thus, changes in food production weakened the effectiveness of the packaging functionalization to decrease the GWP. Moreover, the analysis of consumer behavior scenarios showed that consumers’ perception of the expiration date decisively influences the effectiveness of packaging functionalization. When consumers discarded food after the expiration date, provided they consumed in small quantities, the packaging functionalization reduced FLW. From the scenario analysis, we identified appropriate combinations of packaging functionalization and consumer behaviors to effectively decrease total GWP. With our expanded analysis, packaging designers can understand the effectiveness of their decisions on the product life cycle in reducing FLW and environmental impacts. 相似文献
54.
Koyama Satoshi Fujita Hiroyuki Shimosato Takeshi Kamijo Aki Ishiyama Yasufumi Yamamoto Eri Ishii Yoshimi Hattori Yukako Hagihara Maki Yamazaki Etsuko Tomita Naoto Nakajima Hideaki 《Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins》2019,11(1):295-298
Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins - Probiotic-rich foods are consumed without much restriction. We report here, a case of septic shock caused by yogurt derived Lactobacillus species in a... 相似文献
55.
Yu Kitadate David J. Jörg Moe Tokue Ayumi Maruyama Rie Ichikawa Soken Tsuchiya Eri Segi-Nishida Toshinori Nakagawa Aya Uchida Chiharu Kimura-Yoshida Seiya Mizuno Fumihiro Sugiyama Takuya Azami Masatsugu Ema Chiyo Noda Satoru Kobayashi Isao Matsuo Yoshiakira Kanai Shosei Yoshida 《Cell Stem Cell》2019,24(1):79-92.e6
56.
TGF-beta isoform signaling regulates secondary transition and mesenchymal-induced endocrine development in the embryonic mouse pancreas 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Tulachan SS Tei E Hembree M Crisera C Prasadan K Koizumi M Shah S Guo P Bottinger E Gittes GK 《Developmental biology》2007,305(2):508-521
Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) superfamily signaling has been implicated in many developmental processes, including pancreatic development. Previous studies are conflicting with regard to an exact role for TGF-beta signaling in various aspects of pancreatic organogenesis. Here we have investigated the role of TGF-beta isoform signaling in embryonic pancreas differentiation and lineage selection. The TGF-beta isoform receptors (RI, RII and ALK1) were localized mainly to both the pancreatic epithelium and mesenchyme at early stages of development, but then with increasing age localized to the pancreatic islets and ducts. To determine the specific role of TGF-beta isoforms, we functionally inactivated TGF-beta signaling at different points in the signaling cascade. Disruption of TGF-beta signaling at the receptor level using mice overexpressing the dominant-negative TGF-beta type II receptor showed an increase in endocrine precursors and proliferating endocrine cells, with an abnormal accumulation of endocrine cells around the developing ducts of mid-late stage embryonic pancreas. This pattern suggested that TGF-beta isoform signaling may suppress the origination of secondary transition endocrine cells from the ducts. Secondly, TGF-beta isoform ligand inhibition with neutralizing antibody in pancreatic organ culture also led to an increase in the number of endocrine-positive cells. Thirdly, hybrid mix-and-match in vitro recombinations of transgenic pancreatic mesenchyme and wild-type epithelium also led to increased endocrine cell differentiation, but with different patterns depending on the directionality of the epithelial-mesenchymal signaling. Together these results suggest that TGF-beta signaling is important for restraining the growth and differentiation of pancreatic epithelial cells, particularly away from the endocrine lineage. Inhibition of TGF-beta signaling in the embryonic period may thus allow pancreatic epithelial cells to progress towards the endocrine lineage unchecked, particularly as part of the secondary transition of pancreatic endocrine cell development. TGF-beta RII in the ducts and islets may normally serve to downregulate the production of beta cells from embryonic ducts. 相似文献
57.
Sakata E Yamaguchi Y Miyauchi Y Iwai K Chiba T Saeki Y Matsuda N Tanaka K Kato K 《Nature structural & molecular biology》2007,14(2):167-168
Although cullin-1 neddylation is crucial for the activation of SCF ubiquitin E3 ligases, the underlying mechanisms for NEDD8-mediated activation of SCF remain unclear. Here we demonstrate by NMR and mutational studies that NEDD8 binds the ubiquitin E2 (UBC4), but not NEDD8 E2 (UBC12). Our data imply that NEDD8 forms an active platform on the SCF complex for selective recruitment of ubiquitin-charged E2s in collaboration with RBX1, and thereby upregulates the E3 activity. 相似文献
58.
59.
Ryota Nishioka 《Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences》1996,681(2):401-404
A method for the determination of trace amounts of triazolam in serum by deactivated metal capillary gas chromatography with electron-capture detection was established. The column used exhibits excellent thermostability in high-temperature analysis and easy handling and a long lifetime of the column and well shaped peaks on the chromatograms are obtained. With the metal capillary column, it was found to be easier to maintain suitable analytical conditions for the routine assay of triazolam than with a fused-silica column. With this method, 0.5 ng/ml of triazolam in serum can be determined. The method is useful for pharmacokinetic and therapeutic purposes. 相似文献
60.
Eike Steinig Sebastin Duchêne Izzard Aglua Andrew Greenhill Rebecca Ford Mition Yoannes Jan Jaworski Jimmy Drekore Bohu Urakoko Harry Poka Clive Wurr Eri Ebos David Nangen Laurens Manning Moses Laman Cadhla Firth Simon Smith William Pomat Steven Y C Tong Lachlan Coin Emma McBryde Paul Horwood 《Molecular biology and evolution》2022,39(3)
Nanopore sequencing and phylodynamic modeling have been used to reconstruct the transmission dynamics of viral epidemics, but their application to bacterial pathogens has remained challenging. Cost-effective bacterial genome sequencing and variant calling on nanopore platforms would greatly enhance surveillance and outbreak response in communities without access to sequencing infrastructure. Here, we adapt random forest models for single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) polishing developed by Sanderson and colleagues (2020. High precision Neisseria gonorrhoeae variant and antimicrobial resistance calling from metagenomic nanopore sequencing. Genome Res. 30(9):1354–1363) to estimate divergence and effective reproduction numbers (Re) of two methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) outbreaks from remote communities in Far North Queensland and Papua New Guinea (PNG; n = 159). Successive barcoded panels of S. aureus isolates (2 × 12 per MinION) sequenced at low coverage (>5× to 10×) provided sufficient data to accurately infer genotypes with high recall when compared with Illumina references. Random forest models achieved high resolution on ST93 outbreak sequence types (>90% accuracy and precision) and enabled phylodynamic inference of epidemiological parameters using birth–death skyline models. Our method reproduced phylogenetic topology, origin of the outbreaks, and indications of epidemic growth (Re > 1). Nextflow pipelines implement SNP polisher training, evaluation, and outbreak alignments, enabling reconstruction of within-lineage transmission dynamics for infection control of bacterial disease outbreaks on portable nanopore platforms. Our study shows that nanopore technology can be used for bacterial outbreak reconstruction at competitive costs, providing opportunities for infection control in hospitals and communities without access to sequencing infrastructure, such as in remote northern Australia and PNG. 相似文献