序贯式止血法用于腹腔镜卵巢囊肿剥除术的临床研究

目的：探讨腹腔镜卵巢囊肿剥除术中采用序贯式止血法对卵巢功能的影响。方法：将100例行腹腔镜卵巢囊肿剥除术患者按照抽签法随机地均分为对照组与观察组,对照组给予传统双极电凝治疗,观察组采取序贯式止血法,靠近卵巢门的髓质出血镜下缝合,远离卵巢门行皮质渗血电凝处理。比较两组患者手术前后雌二醇（Estradiol,E2）、促卵泡激素（Follicle-stimulating hormonc,FSH）、促黄体生成素（Luteotropic hormone,LH）及围绝经期综合征发生情况。结果：对照组术前与术后3个月及术后6个月E2、FSH及LH差异均具有统计学意义,观察组手术前后激素水平差异无统计学意义,且观察组术后与对照组术后上述指标差异均具有统计学意义;对照组患者术后月经紊乱、植物神经功能紊乱的发生率分别为14．00％与12．00％,观察组为2．00％及0％,两组差异具有显著的统计学意义。结论：序贯式止血法应用于腹腔镜卵巢囊肿剥除术中影响卵巢功能,效果显著,值得在临床上加以推广并应用。     

At-line near-infrared spectroscopy for monitoring concentrations in temperature-triggered glutamate fermentation

Rapid development in the glutamate fermentation industry has dictated the need for effective fermentation monitoring by rapid and precise methods that provide real-time information for quality control of the end-product. In recent years, near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy and multivariate calibration have been developed as fast, inexpensive, non-destructive and environmentally safe techniques for industrial applications. The purpose of this study was to develop models for monitoring glutamate, glucose, lactate and alanine concentrations in the temperature-triggered process of glutamate fermentation. NIR measurements of eight batches of samples were analyzed by partial least-squares regression with several spectral pre-processing methods. The coefficient of determination (R ²), model root-mean square error of calibration (RMSEC), root-mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) and residual predictive deviation (RPD) of the test calibration for the glutamate concentration were 0.997, 3.11 g/L, 2.56 g/L and 19.81, respectively. For the glucose concentration, R ², RMSEC, RMSEP and RPD were 0.989, 1.37 g/L, 1.29 g/L and 9.72, respectively. For the lactate concentration, R ², RMSEC, RMSEP and RPD were 0.975, 0.078 g/L, 0.062 g/L and 6.29, respectively. For the alanine concentration, R ², RMSEC, RMSEP and RPD were 0.964, 0.213 g/L, 0.243 g/L and 5.29, respectively. New batch fermentation as an external validation was used to check the models, and the results suggested that the predictive capacity of the models for the glutamate fermentation process was good.     

Systematic research on the pretreatment of peptides for quantitative proteomics using a C18 microcolumn

Reversed phase microcolumns have been widely used for peptide pretreatment to desalt and remove interferences before tandem LC–MS in proteomics studies. However, few studies have characterized the effects of experimental parameters as well as column characteristics on the composition of identified peptides. In this study, several parameters including the concentration of ACN in washing buffer, the microcolumn's purification effect, the peptide recovery rate, and the dynamic‐binding capacity were characterized in detail, based upon stable isotope labeling by amino acids in a cell culture quantitative approach. The results showed that peptide losses can be reduced with low ACN concentration in washing buffers resulting in a recovery rate of approximately 82%. Furthermore, the effects of ACN concentration and loading amount on the properties of identified peptides were also evaluated. We found that the dynamic‐binding capacity of the column was approximately 26 μg. With increased loading amounts, more hydrophilic peptides were replaced by hydrophobic peptides.     

Differential label‐free quantitative proteomic analysis of avian eggshell matrix and uterine fluid proteins associated with eggshell mechanical property

Eggshell strength is a crucial economic trait for table egg production. During the process of eggshell formation, uncalcified eggs are bathed in uterine fluid that plays regulatory roles in eggshell calcification. In this study, a label‐free MS‐based protein quantification technology was used to detect differences in protein abundance between eggshell matrix from strong and weak eggs (shell matrix protein from strong eggshells and shell matrix protein from weak eggshells) and between the corresponding uterine fluids bathing strong and weak eggs (uterine fluid bathing strong eggs and uterine fluid bathing weak eggs) in a chicken population. Here, we reported the first global proteomic analysis of uterine fluid. A total of 577 and 466 proteins were identified in uterine fluid and eggshell matrix, respectively. Of 447 identified proteins in uterine fluid bathing strong eggs, up to 357 (80%) proteins were in common with proteins in uterine fluid bathing weak eggs. Similarly, up to 83% (328/396) of the proteins in shell matrix protein from strong eggshells were in common with the proteins in shell matrix protein from weak eggshells. The large amount of common proteins indicated that the difference in protein abundance should play essential roles in influencing eggshell strength. Ultimately, 15 proteins mainly relating to eggshell matrix specific proteins, calcium binding and transportation, protein folding and sorting, bone development or diseases, and thyroid hormone activity were considered to have closer association with the formation of strong eggshell.     

糖尿病肾病与非糖尿病肾病维持性血液透析患者血钙、血磷及甲状旁腺激素水平的分析

目的：探讨糖尿病肾病（diabtic nephropgthy,DN）与非糖尿病肾病（non-DN）维持性血液透析患者（maintenance hemodialysis,MHD）血钙、血磷、甲状旁腺激素（intact parathyroid hormone,iPTH）水平的差异;分析其血钙、血磷、iPTH和糖化血红蛋白（glycosylated hemoglobin,HbA1c）水平的相关性。方法：选择沈阳军区总医院血液透析中心收治的148例MHD患者,分为糖尿病组（58例）和非糖尿病组（90例）,比较两组间血钙、血磷、甲状旁腺激素水平的差异,并分析其血钙、血磷、iPTH、HbA1c水平的相关性。结果：糖尿病组iPTH、血磷水平均明显低于非糖尿病组（P〈0.05）,两组血钙水平比较无明显差异。在非DN组中,iPTH与血钙水平呈显著负相关（r=-0.320,P=0.036）,iPTH与血磷水平呈明显正相关（r=0.426,P=0.005）。在DN组中,iPTH与血钙、血磷无显著相关性,而iPTH与HbA1C水平呈显著负相关（r=-0.732,P=0.007）。结论：糖尿病肾病血液透析患者的iPTH水平和血磷水平明显低于非糖尿病肾病血液透析患者,HbA1c可能抑制iPTH的分泌。     

Fluorescent (Au@SiO2)SiC Nanohybrids: Influence of Gold Nanoparticle Diameter and SiC Nanoparticle Surface Density

Gold@silica core–shell nanoparticles were prepared with various gold core diameters (ranging from 20 to 150 nm) and silica thicknesses (ranging from 10 to 30 nm). When the gold diameter is increased, the size dispersion became larger, leading to a broader plasmon band. Then, silicon carbide (SiC) nanoparticles were covalently immobilized onto silica to obtain hybrid (Au@SiO₂) SiC nanoparticles. The absorption properties of these hybrid nanoparticles showed that an excess of SiC nanoparticles in the dispersion can be identified by a strong absorption in the UV region. Compared to SiC reference samples, a blue shift of the fluorescence emission, from 582 to 523 nm, was observed, which was previously attributed to the strong surface modification of SiC when immobilized onto silica. Finally, the influence of several elaboration parameters (gold diameter, silica thickness, SiC concentration) on fluorescence enhancement was investigated. It showed that the highest enhancements were obtained with 10 nm silica thickness, low concentration of SiC nanoparticles, and surprisingly, with a 20-nm gold core diameter. This last result could be attributed to the broad plasmon band of big gold colloids. In this case, SiC emission strongly overlapped gold absorption, leading to possible quenching of SiC fluorescence by energy transfer.     

BAG3-dependent noncanonical autophagy induced by proteasome inhibition in HepG2 cells

Emerging lines of evidence have shown that blockade of ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) activates autophagy. The molecular players that regulate the relationship between them remain to be elucidated. Bcl-2 associated athanogene 3 (BAG3) is a member of the BAG co-chaperone family that regulates the ATPase activity of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) chaperone family. Studies on BAG3 have demonstrated that it plays multiple roles in physiological and pathological processes, including antiapoptotic activity, signal transduction, regulatory role in virus infection, cell adhesion and migration. Recent studies have attracted much attention on its role in initiation of autophagy. The current study, for the first time, demonstrates that proteasome inhibitors elicit noncanonical autophagy, which was not suppressed by inhibitors of class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PtdIns3K) or shRNA against Beclin 1 (BECN1). In addition, we demonstrate that BAG3 is ascribed to activation of autophagy elicited by proteasome inhibitors and MAPK8/9/10 (also known as JNK1/2/3 respectively) activation is also implicated via upregulation of BAG3. Moreover, we found that noncanonical autophagy mediated by BAG3 suppresses responsiveness of HepG2 cells to proteasome inhibitors.     

miR-133a Regulates Adipocyte Browning In Vivo

Prdm16 determines the bidirectional fate switch of skeletal muscle/brown adipose tissue (BAT) and regulates the thermogenic gene program of subcutaneous white adipose tissue (SAT) in mice. Here we show that miR-133a, a microRNA that is expressed in both BAT and SATs, directly targets the 3′ UTR of Prdm16. The expression of miR-133a dramatically decreases along the commitment and differentiation of brown preadipocytes, accompanied by the upregulation of Prdm16. Overexpression of miR-133a in BAT and SAT cells significantly inhibits, and conversely inhibition of miR-133a upregulates, Prdm16 and brown adipogenesis. More importantly, double knockout of miR-133a1 and miR-133a2 in mice leads to elevations of the brown and thermogenic gene programs in SAT. Even 75% deletion of miR-133a (a1^−/−a2^+/−) genes results in browning of SAT, manifested by the appearance of numerous multilocular UCP1-expressing adipocytes within SAT. Additionally, compared to wildtype mice, miR-133a1^−/−a2^+/− mice exhibit increased insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance, and activate the thermogenic gene program more robustly upon cold exposure. These results together elucidate a crucial role of miR-133a in the regulation of adipocyte browning in vivo.     

右美托咪定在小儿气管异物取出术中的应用

目的：观察右美托咪定在气管异物取出术中对患儿呼吸、循环及术后恢复情况的影响。方法：40例行气管异物取出术患,随机分为右美托咪定组（D组）（n=20）和生理盐水组（S组）（n=20）,分别在麻醉诱导前10min静脉输注右美托咪定0.8μg/kg和等容量的生理盐水,输注时间为10min。术中高频射流呼吸机给氧,保持患儿自主呼吸,泵注丙泊酚和瑞芬太尼维持麻醉。结果：D组患儿术中屏气、咳嗽、喉痉挛、术中SP02〈90%显著低于S组（P〈0.05）;D组丙泊酚及瑞芬太尼用量减少（P〈0.05）。结论：在气管异物取出术中应用右美托咪定有很大的优势,对呼吸系统影响小,血流动力学平稳,术后并发症少。