全文获取类型
收费全文 | 107995篇 |
免费 | 1061篇 |
国内免费 | 901篇 |
专业分类
109957篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 111篇 |
2022年 | 273篇 |
2021年 | 425篇 |
2020年 | 253篇 |
2019年 | 259篇 |
2018年 | 12102篇 |
2017年 | 10922篇 |
2016年 | 7839篇 |
2015年 | 1244篇 |
2014年 | 1022篇 |
2013年 | 1318篇 |
2012年 | 5293篇 |
2011年 | 13702篇 |
2010年 | 12523篇 |
2009年 | 8711篇 |
2008年 | 10353篇 |
2007年 | 11930篇 |
2006年 | 809篇 |
2005年 | 971篇 |
2004年 | 1397篇 |
2003年 | 1384篇 |
2002年 | 1117篇 |
2001年 | 587篇 |
2000年 | 463篇 |
1999年 | 269篇 |
1998年 | 132篇 |
1997年 | 128篇 |
1996年 | 105篇 |
1995年 | 113篇 |
1994年 | 107篇 |
1993年 | 124篇 |
1992年 | 241篇 |
1991年 | 243篇 |
1990年 | 207篇 |
1989年 | 200篇 |
1988年 | 185篇 |
1987年 | 177篇 |
1986年 | 148篇 |
1985年 | 174篇 |
1984年 | 174篇 |
1983年 | 132篇 |
1982年 | 114篇 |
1981年 | 99篇 |
1980年 | 93篇 |
1979年 | 147篇 |
1978年 | 109篇 |
1977年 | 95篇 |
1974年 | 118篇 |
1972年 | 346篇 |
1971年 | 357篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
91.
Ratul Saha Robert S. Donofrio Susan T. Bagley 《Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology》2010,37(8):843-848
A TaqMan quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay was developed for the detection and enumeration of
three Pseudomonas species belonging to the mendocina sublineage (P. oleovorans, P. pseudoalcaligenes, and P. oleovorans subsp. lubricantis) found in contaminated metalworking fluids (MWFs). These microbes are the primary colonizers and serve as indicator organisms
of biodegradation of used MWFs. Molecular techniques such as qPCR are preferred for the detection of these microbes since
they grow poorly on typical growth media such as R2A agar and Pseudomonas isolation agar (PIA). Traditional culturing techniques not only underestimate the actual distribution of these bacteria but
are also time-consuming. The primer–probe pair developed from gyrase B (gyrB) sequences of the targeted bacteria was highly sensitive and specific for the three species. qPCR was performed with both
whole cell and genomic DNA to confirm the specificity and sensitivity of the assay. The sensitivity of the assay was 101 colony forming units (CFU)/ml for whole cell and 13.7 fg with genomic DNA. The primer–probe pair was successful in determining
concentrations from used MWF samples, indicating levels between 2.9 × 103 and 3.9 × 106 CFU/ml. In contrast, the total count of Pseudomonas sp. recovered on PIA was in the range of <1.0 × 101 to 1.4 × 105 CFU/ml for the same samples. Based on these results from the qPCR assay, the designed TaqMan primer–probe pair can be efficiently
used for rapid (within 2 h) determination of the distribution of these species of Pseudomonas in contaminated MWFs. 相似文献
92.
93.
94.
Pawan K. Dhar 《Journal of biosciences》2007,32(1):1005-1008
Systems biology is an approach to explain the behaviour of a system in relation to its individual components. Synthetic biology uses key hierarchical and modular concepts of systems biology to engineer novel biological systems. In my opinion the next step in biology is to use molecule-to-phenotype data using these approaches and integrate them in the form a periodic table. A periodic table in biology would provide chassis to classify, systematize and compare diversity of component properties vis-a-vis system behaviour. Using periodic table it could be possible to compute higher-level interactions from component properties. This paper examines the concept of building a bio-periodic table using protein fold as the fundamental unit. 相似文献
95.
Ferruh Aşçi 《Biologia》2009,64(6):1146-1149
In this study, the structural characteristics, unique features, various organ measurements of males and females of the water
mite Atractides (Atractides) turcicus sp. n. from Turkey are described. In addition, the study compares their characteristics with related species. 相似文献
96.
Cadmium (200 ppm) applied through the rooting medium to 30-day-old wheat plants decreased chlorophyll content, net CO2 exchanges and PSII activity by 34, 54 and 43% respectively. Thylakoid total lipids, total glycolipids, total phospholipids and total neutral lipids decreased by 22, 23, 12 and 25%, respectively, under cadmium treatment. Thylakoid membrane glycolipids had three major constituents, viz. monogalactosyl diacylglycerol, digalactosyl diacylglycerol and sulphoquinovosyl diacylglycerol. Monogalactosyl diacylglycerol and digalactosyl diacylglycerol contents decreased by 32 and 27%, respectively, under cadmium. Cadmium application also decreased the concentration of phosphatidyl glycerol and phosphatidyl choline to the extent of about 57 and 31%, respectively. On the other hand, phosphatidic acid and free fatty acids content showed an increase. These compositional changes in thylakoid membranes might be responsible for reduced PSII activity and rate of photosynthesis as observed under cadmium treatment. 相似文献
97.
Andrew Leask 《Journal of cell communication and signaling》2010,4(1):73-74
Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF/CCN2) is overexpressed in diabetes. Diabetic rats possess myocardial and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. In a recent report, Wang and colleagues (Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2009 Jul 22. [Epub ahead of print]) show that CCN2 directly mediates cardiomyocyte hypertrophy as well as that induced by high glucose and fatty acid. CCN2 acted via the TrkA receptor. These data are the subject of this commentary, and emphasize that CCN2 may be an excellent target for therapy in diabetes. 相似文献
98.
99.
Summary A child with cri-du-chat syndrome, 46,XY,5p-, was born to a mother who had two normal children and two abortuses. The mother was shown to carry a balanced translocation. Giemsa and fluorescent banding demonstrate the exact location of the translocated segment. The deleted short arm of chromosome number 5 was shown to be attached to the long arm of chromosome number 11.
We are indeed indebted to Dr. G. R. Hennigar for facilities and Dr. C. D. Barnett for financial assistance. 相似文献
Zusammenfassung Ein Kind mit Cri-du-chat Syndrom und Karyotyp 46,XY,5p- wurde von einer Mutter geboren, die zuvor zwei gesunde Kinder und zwei Aborte gehabt hatte. Bei der Mutter wurde eine balancierte Translokation nachgewiesen; Chiemsa- und Fluorescens-Bandenmuster zeigten die genaue Lokalisation des translozierten Segmentes: Der deletierte kurze Arm des Chromosoms Nr.5 war an den langen Arm vom Chromosom Nr. 11 angeheftet.
We are indeed indebted to Dr. G. R. Hennigar for facilities and Dr. C. D. Barnett for financial assistance. 相似文献
100.
Frankia is the diverse bacterial genus that fixes nitrogen within root nodules of actinorhizal trees and shrubs. Systematic and ecological
studies of Frankia have been hindered by the lack of morphological, biochemical, or other markers to readily distinguish strains. Recently,
nucleotide sequence of 16 S RNA from the small ribosomal subunit has been used to classify and identify a variety of microorganisms.
We report nucleotide sequences from portions of the 16 S ribosomal RNA from Frankia strains AcnI1 isolated from Alnus viridis ssp. crispa (Ait.) Turrill and PtI1 isolated from Purshia tridentata (Pursh) DC. The number of nucleotide base substitutions and gaps we find more than doubles the previously reported sequence
diversity for the same variable regions within other strains of Frankia. 相似文献