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51.
Grosman B Shaik OS Helwig BG Leon LR Doyle FJ 《Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)》2011,111(3):938-945
Heat stroke (HS) is a serious civilian and military health issue. Due to the limited amount of experimental data available in humans, this study was conducted on a mouse mathematical model fitted on experimental data collected from mice under HS conditions, with the assumption there is good agreement among mammals. Core temperature (T(c)) recovery responses in a mouse model consist of hypothermia and delayed fever during 24 h of recovery that represent potential biomarkers of HS severity. The objective of this study was to develop a simulation model of mouse T(c) responses and identify optimal treatment windows for HS recovery using a three-dimensional predictive heat transfer simulation model. Several bioenergetic simulation variables, including nonlinear metabolic heat production (W/m3), temperature-dependent convective heat transfer through blood mass perfusion (W/m3), and activity-related changes in circadian T(c) were used for model simulation. The simulation results predicted the experimental data with few disparities. Using this simulation model, we tested a series of ambient temperature treatment strategies to minimize hypothermia and delayed fever to accelerate HS recovery. Using a genetic algorithm, we identified eight time segments (ambient temperature = 27, 30, 31, 29, 28, 28, 27, 26°C) of 110 min total duration that optimized HS recovery in our model simulation. 相似文献
52.
Capacity optimization and scheduling of a multiproduct manufacturing facility for biotech products 下载免费PDF全文
Munawar A. Shaik Ankita Dhakre Anurag S. Rathore Nitin Patil 《Biotechnology progress》2014,30(5):1221-1230
A general mathematical framework has been proposed in this work for scheduling of a multiproduct and multipurpose facility involving manufacturing of biotech products. The specific problem involves several batch operations occurring in multiple units involving fixed processing time, unlimited storage policy, transition times, shared units, and deterministic and fixed data in the given time horizon. The different batch operations are modeled using state‐task network representation. Two different mathematical formulations are proposed based on discrete‐ and continuous‐time representations leading to a mixed‐integer linear programming model which is solved using General Algebraic Modeling System software. A case study based on a real facility is presented to illustrate the potential and applicability of the proposed models. The continuous‐time model required less number of events and has a smaller problem size compared to the discrete‐time model. © 2014 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 30:1221–1230, 2014 相似文献
53.
Hemolin, a member of the immunoglobulin protein superfamily, functions in Lepidoptera as an opsonin in defence against potential pathogens and seems to play a role in tissue morphogenesis. We show that hemolin gene is expressed in several organs of Galleria mellonella larvae, including the nervous system and the silk glands. The expression in the silk glands of the wandering larvae and their isolated abdomens is enhanced within 6 h after an injection of bacteria, lipopolysaccharides, or peptidoglycans. The magnitude of silk gland response to bacterial challenge is similar to that seen in the fat body. A profound rise of hemolin expression without bacterial inoculation occurs in the silk glands of isolated abdomens when they are induced to pupate by a topical application of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E). The induction of pupation is associated with silk gland programming for disintegration by apoptosis and phagocytosis. Administration of a juvenile hormone agonist prevents pupation and abolishes the stimulatory 20E effect on the hemolin expression. Hemolin protein can be immunodetected in the silk glands as well as in the spun-out cocoon silk. The results suggest that silk glands are a component of the insect immune system and that hemolin may mark the apoptic cells for the elimination by hemocytes. 相似文献
54.
Haq Abdul Shaik Archana Mishra Hany M. Hussein Oxana Skoková Habuštová František Sehnal 《Journal of Applied Entomology》2020,144(6):481-490
Entomopathogenic nematodes and parasitoid larvae of some wasps play important roles in the natural control of the pest insects. However, it has not been excluded that competition between nematodes and wasps may in some cases reduce their efficacy in the pest control. Using caterpillars of Spodoptera littoralis, we examined interactions between the nematode Steinernema carpocapsae and the venom of the parasitoid Habrobracon hebetor. The survival of S. littoralis caterpillars was reduced in a dose-dependent manner when 5 to 500 nematodes or 0.005–0.1 venom units were applied to single caterpillars. High doses of either nematodes or the venom caused death within 1–3 days in all treated hosts. The low doses of nematodes killed caterpillars within a week, in some cases when they attempted to pupate. Caterpillars receiving low venom doses were characterized by extended survival time terminated with death due to starvation. Combined treatment of nematodes and the venom were mutually synergistic and elicited severe lethal effects. The nematodes were fully resistant to the venom and can feed and grow on the symbiotic bacteria in vitro. The venom impairs food processing and causes death of caterpillars due to starvation. Disruption of the hormonal regulation of metamorphosis by ecdysteroids and juvenile hormone could be responsible for defective moults block at different stages of the moulting process, regionally restricted moulting, moults to “intermediates” combining regions of newly secreted larval and pupal cuticles. 相似文献
55.
Sven Ruf Mahanandeesha Siddappa Hallur Nisha K. Anchan Indu N. Swamy Karthikai Raj Murugesan Sayantani Sarkar Lokesh Kananti Narasimhulu V.P. Rama Kishore Putta Shama Shaik Devaraj Venkatapura Chandrasekar Vishal Subhash Mane Sanjay Venkatachalapathi Kadnur Juluri Suresh Ravi Kanth Bhamidipati Manvi Singh Raghunadha Reddy Burri Rajendra Kristam Herman Schreuder Sridharan Rajagopal 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2018,28(5):922-925
Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) has been linked to obesity and diabetes. We have identified a novel nicotinamide (NA) analog, compound 12 that inhibited NNMT enzymatic activity and reduced the formation of 1-methyl-nicotinamide (MNA), the primary metabolite of NA by ~80% at 2?h when dosed in mice orally at 50?mg/kg. 相似文献
56.
The air mycoflora of six indoor environments in Madras city (India) has been investigated by sampling air with an Andersen
sampler and a Burkard personal sampler. Forty-eight species assignable to 24 genera were recorded by Andersen sampler. Spores
belonging to 14 genera in addition toPenicillium andAspergillus were identified from Burkard trap slides. Species ofAspergillus, Penicillium, Mucor andRhizopus were most frequently isolated in considerable numbers. As a single genusAspergillus ranked first followed byPenicillium at some sites, andCladosporium at some other sites. The predominance ofPenicillium andAspergillus was also confirmed by Burkard trap data. Spores belonging toGanoderma, Nigrospora, Epicoccum, andTetraploa were recorded only by Burkard sampler, thereby suggesting the necessity of using two complimentary spore traps, cultural
and non-cultural, in any aerobiological investigation. 相似文献
57.
58.
Solar Cells: Ionic Liquid Control Crystal Growth to Enhance Planar Perovskite Solar Cells Efficiency (Adv. Energy Mater. 20/2016) 下载免费PDF全文
59.
Mohammad Saud Alanazi Narasimha Reddy Parine Jilani Purusottapatnam Shaik Huda A. Alabdulkarim Sana Abdulla Ajaj Zahid Khan 《PloS one》2013,8(3)
Breast cancer is a complex heterogeneous disease involving genetic and epigenetic alterations in genes encoding proteins that are components of various signaling pathways. Candidate gene approach have identified association of genetic variants in the Wnt signaling pathway genes and increased susceptibility to several diseases including breast cancer. Due to the rarity of somatic mutations in key genes of Wnt pathway, we investigated the association of genetic variants in these genes with predisposition to breast cancers. We performed a case-control study to identify risk variants by examining 15 SNPs located in 8 genes associated with Wnt signaling. Genotypic analysis of individual locus showed statistically significant association of five SNPs located in β-catenin, AXIN2, DKK3, SFRP3 and TCF7L2 with breast cancers. Increased risk was observed only with the SNP in β-catenin while the other four SNPs conferred protection against breast cancers. Majority of these associations persisted after stratification of the cases based on estrogen receptor status and age of on-set of breast cancer. The rs7775 SNP in exon 6 of SFRP3 gene that codes for either arginine or glycine exhibited very strong association with breast cancer, even after Bonferroni''s correction. Apart from these five variants, rs3923086 in AXIN2 and rs3763511 in DKK4 that did not show any association in the overall population were significantly associated with early on-set and estrogen receptor negative breast cancers, respectively. This is the first study to utilize pathway based approach to identify association of risk variants in the Wnt signaling pathway genes with breast cancers. Confirmation of our findings in larger populations of different ethnicities would provide evidence for the role of Wnt pathway as well as screening markers for early detection of breast carcinomas. 相似文献
60.
Predicting the Open‐Circuit Voltage of CH3NH3PbI3 Perovskite Solar Cells Using Electroluminescence and Photovoltaic Quantum Efficiency Spectra: the Role of Radiative and Non‐Radiative Recombination 下载免费PDF全文