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21.
J Klein J Gonzalez J Duchene L Esposito JP Pradère E Neau C Delage D Calise A Ahluwalia P Carayon JB Pesquero M Bader JP Schanstra JL Bascands 《FASEB journal》2009,23(1):134-142
Renal fibrosis is the common histological feature of advanced glomerular and tubulointerstitial disease leading to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). However, specific antifibrotic therapies to slow down the evolution to ESRD are still absent. Because persistent inflammation is a key event in the development of fibrosis, we hypothesized that the proinflammatory kinin B1 receptor (B1R) could be such a new target. Here we show that, in the unilateral ureteral obstruction model of renal fibrosis, the B1R is overexpressed and that delayed treatment with an orally active nonpeptide B1R antagonist blocks macrophage infiltration, leading to a reversal of the level of renal fibrosis. In vivo bone marrow transplantation studies as well as in vitro studies on renal cells show that part of this antifibrotic mechanism of B1R blockade involves a direct effect on resident renal cells by inhibiting chemokine CCL2 and CCL7 expression. These findings suggest that blocking the B1R is a promising antifibrotic therapy. 相似文献
22.
Lindström Irene Bontell Neil Hall Kevin E Ashelford JP Dubey Jon P Boyle Johan Lindh Judith E Smith 《Genome biology》2009,10(5):R53-17
Background
Toxoplasma gondii is a zoonotic parasite of global importance. In common with many protozoan parasites it has the capacity for sexual recombination, but current evidence suggests this is rarely employed. The global population structure is dominated by a small number of clonal genotypes, which exhibit biallelic variation and limited intralineage divergence. Little is known of the genotypes present in Africa despite the importance of AIDS-associated toxoplasmosis. 相似文献23.
Regulation of fermentative capacity and levels of glycolytic enzymes in chemostat cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Regulation of fermentative capacity was studied in chemostat cultures of two Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains: the laboratory strain CEN.PK113-7D and the industrial bakers’ yeast strain DS28911. The two strains were cultivated at a fixed dilution rate of 0.10 h−1 under various nutrient limitation regimes: aerobic and anaerobic glucose limitation, aerobic and anaerobic nitrogen limitation on glucose, and aerobic ethanol limitation. Also the effect of specific growth rate on fermentative capacity was compared in glucose-limited, aerobic cultures grown at dilution rates between 0.05 h−1 and 0.40 h−1. Biomass yields and metabolite formation patterns were identical for the two strains under all cultivation conditions tested. However, the way in which environmental conditions affected fermentative capacity (assayed off-line as ethanol production rate under anaerobic conditions) differed for the two strains. A different regulation of fermentative capacity in the two strains was also evident from the levels of the glycolytic enzymes, as determined by in vitro enzyme assays. With the exception of phosphofructokinase and pyruvate decarboxylase in the industrial strain, no clear-cut correlation between the activities of glycolytic enzymes and the fermentative capacity was found. These results emphasise the need for controlled cultivation conditions in studies on metabolic regulation in S. cerevisiae and demonstrate that conclusions from physiological studies cannot necessarily be extrapolated from one S. cerevisiae strain to the other. 相似文献
24.
The mechanism of cyclic electron flow 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
W.J. Nawrocki B. Bailleul D. Picot P. Cardol F. Rappaport F.-A. Wollman P. Joliot 《BBA》2019,1860(5):433-438
Apart from the canonical light-driven linear electron flow (LEF) from water to CO2, numerous regulatory and alternative electron transfer pathways exist in chloroplasts. One of them is the cyclic electron flow around Photosystem I (CEF), contributing to photoprotection of both Photosystem I and II (PSI, PSII) and supplying extra ATP to fix atmospheric carbon. Nonetheless, CEF remains an enigma in the field of functional photosynthesis as we lack understanding of its pathway. Here, we address the discrepancies between functional and genetic/biochemical data in the literature and formulate novel hypotheses about the pathway and regulation of CEF based on recent structural and kinetic information. 相似文献
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On association in a copula with time transformations 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
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In the course of a freeze-cleave study on intercellular junctions in the regenerating rat liver, we observed an unusual array of intramembranous particles located in regions of contact between endothelial cells lining the hepatic sinusoids. These arrays were characterized by an accumulation of particles which resembled a zonula occludens in their linear deployment but differed in that the contact regions were composed of individual particles which remained separated from each other by regular particle-free intervals. 相似文献