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91.
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93.
The Pseudomonas syringae type III effector HopAM1 enhances virulence on water-stressed plants 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Goel AK Lundberg D Torres MA Matthews R Akimoto-Tomiyama C Farmer L Dangl JL Grant SR 《Molecular plant-microbe interactions : MPMI》2008,21(3):361-370
Pseudomonas syringae strains deliver diverse type III effector proteins into host cells, where they can act as virulence factors. Although the functions of the majority of type III effectors are unknown, several have been shown to interfere with plant basal defense mechanisms. Type III effectors also could contribute to bacterial virulence by enhancing nutrient uptake and pathogen adaptation to the environment of the host plant. We demonstrate that the type III effector HopAM1 (formerly known as AvrPpiB) enhances the virulence of a weak pathogen in plants that are grown under drought stress. This is the first report of a type III effector that aids pathogen adaptation to water availability in the host plant. Expression of HopAM1 makes transgenic Ws-0 Arabidopsis hypersensitive to abscisic acid (ABA) for stomatal closure and germination arrest. Conditional expression of HopAM1 in Arabidopsis also suppresses basal defenses. ABA responses overlap with defense responses and ABA has been shown to suppress defense against P. syringae pathogens. We propose that HopAM1 aids P. syringae virulence by manipulation of ABA responses that suppress defense responses. In addition, host ABA responses enhanced by type III delivery of HopAM1 protect developing bacterial colonies inside leaves from osmotic stress. 相似文献
94.
Prema K. Latha Ravindra Soni Mahejibin Khan Soma S. Marla Reeta Goel 《Current microbiology》2009,58(4):343-348
The metagenomic Csp library was constructed from the temperate and glacier soils of central Himalaya, India followed by polymerase
chain reaction (PCR) amplification. The library was further screened for low-temperature adaptation, and the positive recombinants
were sorted out by determining changes in the melting temperature (Tm). A homology search of cloned sequence showed their identity with the Csp genes of Pseudomonas fluorescens, Psychrobacter cryohalolentis K5, and Shewanella spp MR-4. Amino acid sequence analysis annotated the presence of conserved aromatic and basic amino acids as well as RNA
binding motifs from the cold shock domain. Furthermore, a PROSITE scan showed a moderate identity of less than 60% with the
known cold shock-inducible proteins (ribosomal proteins, rbfA, DEAD-box helicases), cold acclimation protein, and temperature-induced
protein (SRP1/TIP1). This study highlighted the prevalence of Csp genes from cold Himalayan environments that can be explored
for tailor-made crop constructions in future. 相似文献
95.
Nathan H. Lents Virginia Irintcheva Reema Goel Leroy W. Wheeler Joseph J. Baldassare 《Cellular signalling》2009,21(6):1007-1014
α-thrombin is a potent mitogen for fibroblasts and initiates a rapid signal transduction pathway leading to the activation of Ras and the stimulation of cell cycle progression. While the signaling events downstream of Ras have been studied in significant detail and appear well conserved across many species and cell types, the precise molecular events beginning with thrombin receptor activation and leading to the activation of Ras are not as well understood. In this study, we examined the immediate events in the rapid response to α-thrombin, in a single cell type, and found that an unexpected degree of specificity exists in the pathway linking α-thrombin to Ras activation. Specifically, although IIC9 cells express all three Ras isoforms, only N-Ras is rapidly activated by α-thrombin. Further, although several Gα subunits associate with PAR1 and are released following stimulation, only Gαi2 couples to the rapid activation of Ras. Similarly, although IIC9 cells express many Gβ and Gγ subunits, only a subset associates with Gαi2, and of those, only a single Gβγ dimer, Gβ1γ5, participates in the rapid activation of N-Ras. We then hypothesized that co-localization into membrane microdomains called lipid rafts, or caveolae, is at least partially responsible for this degree of specificity. Accordingly, we found that all components localize to lipid rafts and that disruption of caveolae abolishes the rapid activation of N-Ras by α-thrombin. We thus report the molecular elucidation of an extremely specific and rapid signal transduction pathway linking α-thrombin stimulation to the activation of Ras. 相似文献
96.
Akhilesh K. Tamrakar Meenu Jain Ajay K. Goel Dev V. Kamboj Lokendra Singh 《Indian journal of microbiology》2009,49(3):271-275
A total of 8 out of 11 deep ground water samples collected from different villages in Central India were found contaminated
with Vibrio cholerae non O1, non O139. In a multiplex PCR, isolates were found positive for ompW gene but negative for ctxAB and rfbO1 genes. However, isolates from two places were positive for tcp and zot genes, indicating their intestinal colonization and toxigenic potential. Antibiotic susceptibility studies revealed that
all isolates were multidrug resistant. Although, none of the isolates was found PCR positive for the mobile genetic elements,
class 1 integrons and SXT constins. The results of this study corroborated that deep ground water can also be an important
reservoir of V. cholerae in plane endemic areas, suggesting a continuous monitoring of water samples for timely prevention of the disease. 相似文献
97.
Harshita Negi Anil Kapri M.G.H. Zaidi Alok Satlewal Reeta Goel 《International biodeterioration & biodegradation》2009,63(5):553-558
A total of six bacterial isolates were developed into two consortia and tested for utilization of epoxy silicone blends (ESBs; % w/w: 3.0) and epoxy as the sole carbon source. In-vitro biodegradation studies in minimal broth revealed that higher biomass and more sustained growth of consortia were obtained in the presence of epoxy and/or ESBs when these were incubated under aerobic conditions for 15 days. Treated samples were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and simultaneous thermogravimetric–differential thermogravimetry–differential thermal analysis (TG–DTG–DTA), which indicated the breakage and formation of bonds in the polymer backbone. Moreover, a weight loss of 34.17 and 36.9% was found in epoxy and ESBs, respectively after 15 days of treatment with consortium-1. Further, in-vitro growth statistics study revealed more CFU count at mid-logarithmic phase in the presence of epoxy/ESBs unlikely to the absence of the polymers. However, the generation time was not affected. In the present study, consortium-1, comprising of Microbacterium sp., Pseudomonas putida and Bacterium Te 68R showed better biodegradation in comparison to consortium-2, wherein, P. putida and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were present. Overall, these results suggest that epoxy/ESBs polymers could be degraded by a biologically mediated process if a suitable consortium is used. 相似文献
98.
99.
M. K. Sharma A. K. Goel L. Singh V. K. Rao 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2006,22(11):1155-1159
Environmental surveillance for the presence of Vibrio cholerae O1 is of utmost importance for the effective public health protection of cholera. In the present study, an amperometric immunosensor was developed for detection of Vibrio cholerae in environmental samples by using disposable screen-printed electrodes (SPEs). For this purpose, the experiments done include fabrication of SPEs by using carbon ink, electrochemical characterization of electrodes, optimization of dilutions of antibodies and immobilization of antibody. V. cholerae O1 bacteria were spiked in various environmental water samples in known number. The seeded samples were filtered through a 0.22 μm membrane, and the filters enriched in alkaline peptone water for 6 h and then used directly for detection of V. cholerae using the immunosensor. The immunosensor could detect as few as 8 c.f.u./ml in hand-pump water (ground water) and seawater, and 80 c.f.u./ml in sewer water and tap water. The total time taken in this detection assay was 55 min. Thus, the proposed method is simple and can be used for environmental monitoring of V.␣cholerae. 相似文献
100.
A series of anthranilodinitrile-based biaryls were synthesized and evaluated in vitro against extracellular promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes of Leishmania donovani. Among various screened compounds, a biaryl with trifluoromethyl group 5f showed 83% inhibition against promastigotes and 70% inhibition against amastigotes of L. donovani at 8 and 20microg/mL concentrations, respectively. 相似文献