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51.
52.
Phenotypic and genotypic profile of clinical and animal multidrug‐resistant Salmonella enterica isolates from Mexico
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S. Aguilar‐Montes de Oca M. Talavera‐Rojas E. Soriano‐Vargas J. Barba‐León J. Vázquez‐Navarrete J. Acosta‐Dibarrat C. Salgado‐Miranda 《Journal of applied microbiology》2018,124(1):67-74
Aims
The objective of this study was to obtain a phenotypic and genotypic profile of Salmonella enterica including multidrug‐resistant (MDR) isolates from food‐producing animals and clinical isolates, as well as their genetic relatedness in two different States of Mexico (Jalisco and State of Mexico).Methods and Results
A total of 243 isolates were evaluated in terms of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and related genes through a disk diffusion method and PCR respectively; we found 16 MDR isolates, all of them harbouring the blaCMY gene but not qnr genes, these isolates represent less than 10% of the collection. The pulsed‐field gel electrophoresis revealed a higher genotypic similitude within isolates of State of Mexico than Jalisco.Conclusions
A low percentage of Salmonella isolates were resistant to relevant antibiotics in human health, nevertheless, the AMR and involved genes were similar despite the different serovars and origin of the isolates.Significance and Impact of the Study
This investigation provided an insight of the current status of AMR of Salmonella isolates in two States of Mexico and pinpoint the genes involved in AMR and their epidemiological relationship, the information could help to determine an adequate therapy in human and veterinary medicine. 相似文献53.
Mark R. Ibberson John P. Copier Elena Llop Cristina Navarrete Adrian V. S. Hill J. Kennedy Cruickshank A. K. L. So 《Immunogenetics》1997,47(2):124-130
Interactions involving the T-cell receptor (TCR) and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) are fundamental to the generation
of a specific immune response. The study of interpopulation differences in TCR genes may identify those genes which are subject to selection, and also provides useful information for future genetic studies
in these populations. In this study we present analysis of five TCRAV polymorphisms, for V5S1, V6S1, V8S1, V17S1, and V21S1 loci in five human populations by single-strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP) analysis. Caucasian, Chinese, Gambian,
AfroCaribbean, and South American Indians (Mapuches) showed marked interpopulation variation for both the silent (V5S1, V17S1, and V21S1) and coding (V6S1 and V8S1) polymorphisms. In general the alleles were conserved in the different populations, but new, additional variants were found
for V5S1 and V17S1 in Gambians and Caucasians. V6S1 overall showed the highest nucleotide diversity, and V6S1 genotype distributions were skewed away from expected values in Chinese and Mapuches. Analysis of allelic associations showed
a general lack of linkage disequilibrium between the loci, which was reflected by the absence of strong population-specific
haplotypes.
Received: 22 April 1997 / Revised: 9 July 1997 相似文献
54.
Ana F. Navarrete Simon M. Reader Sally E. Street Andrew Whalen Kevin N. Laland 《Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences》2016,371(1690)
In birds and primates, the frequency of behavioural innovation has been shown to covary with absolute and relative brain size, leading to the suggestion that large brains allow animals to innovate, and/or that selection for innovativeness, together with social learning, may have driven brain enlargement. We examined the relationship between primate brain size and both technical (i.e. tool using) and non-technical innovation, deploying a combination of phylogenetically informed regression and exploratory causal graph analyses. Regression analyses revealed that absolute and relative brain size correlated positively with technical innovation, and exhibited consistently weaker, but still positive, relationships with non-technical innovation. These findings mirror similar results in birds. Our exploratory causal graph analyses suggested that technical innovation shares strong direct relationships with brain size, body size, social learning rate and social group size, whereas non-technical innovation did not exhibit a direct relationship with brain size. Nonetheless, non-technical innovation was linked to brain size indirectly via diet and life-history variables. Our findings support ‘technical intelligence’ hypotheses in linking technical innovation to encephalization in the restricted set of primate lineages where technical innovation has been reported. Our findings also provide support for a broad co-evolving complex of brain, behaviour, life-history, social and dietary variables, providing secondary support for social and ecological intelligence hypotheses. The ability to gain access to difficult-to-extract, but potentially nutrient-rich, resources through tool use may have conferred on some primates adaptive advantages, leading to selection for brain circuitry that underlies technical proficiency. 相似文献
55.
Baldeck C. A. Kembel S. W. Harms K. E. Yavitt J. B. John R. Turner B. L. Madawala S. Gunatilleke N. Gunatilleke S. Bunyavejchewin S. Kiratiprayoon S. Yaacob A. Supardi M. N. N. Valencia R. Navarrete H. Davies S. J. Chuyong G. B. Kenfack D. Thomas D. W. Dalling J. W. 《Oecologia》2016,182(2):547-557
Oecologia - While the importance of local-scale habitat niches in shaping tree species turnover along environmental gradients in tropical forests is well appreciated, relatively little is known... 相似文献
56.
Rhizobacterial Community Structures Associated with Native Plants Grown in Chilean Extreme Environments 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
57.
Changes in butterfly distributions and species assemblages on a Neotropical mountain range in response to global warming and anthropogenic land use
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58.
A study of bacterial surface oligosaccharides were investigated among
different strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae to correlate structural features
essential for binding to the MAb 2C7. This epitope is widely expressed and
conserved in gonococcal isolates, characteristics essential to an effective
candidate vaccine antigen. Sample lipooligosaccharides (LOS), was prepared
by a modification of the hot phenol-water method from which de-O-acetylated
LOS and oligosaccharide (OS) components were analyzed by ES-MS-CID-MS and
ES-MSnin a triple quadrupole and an ion trap mass spectrometer,
respectively. Previously documented natural heterogeneity was apparent from
both LOS and OS preparations which was admixed with fragments induced by
hydrazine and mild acid treatment. Natural heterogeneity was limited to
phosphorylation and antenni extensions to the alpha-chain. Mild acid
hydrolysis to release OS also hydrolyzed the beta(1-->6) glycosidic
linkage of lipid A. OS structures were determined by collisional and
resonance excitation combined with MS and multistep MSn which provided
sequence information from both neutral loss, and nonreducing terminal
fragments. A comparison of OS structures, with earlier knowledge of MAb
binding, enzyme treatment, and partial acid hydrolysis indicates a generic
overlapping domain for 2C7 binding. Reoccurring structural features include
a Hepalpha(1-->3)Hepbeta(1-->5)KDO trisaccharide core branched on the
nonreducing terminus (Hep-2) with an alpha(1-->2) linked GlcNAc
(gamma-chain), and an alpha-linked lactose (beta-chain) residue. From the
central heptose (Hep-1), a beta(1-->4) linked lactose (alpha-chain),
moiety is required although extensions to this residue appear unnecessary.
相似文献
59.
F J Serrano J E Pérez-Martín D Reina I Navarrete C M Kapel 《Journal of helminthology》1999,73(3):251-254
The muscular distribution of Trichinella spiralis or T. britovi was studied by digestion in 59 experimentally infected pigs and seven wild boars. Crus muscle was the predilection site in 89.3% of 28 heavily infected swine with 146-3634 larvae per gram (lpg), but in 51.6% of middle to light infections (0.005-59 lpg) the basis of the tongue showed higher larval densities than the crus muscle. The basis of the tongue was also the predilection site in 71.4% of wild boars. Highest counts in other muscles were found only in lightly infected pigs. The influence of intensity of infection, host species, and Trichinella species on muscle distribution is discussed. 相似文献
60.