PARP-1抑制剂3-AB对肝癌细胞增殖及凋亡的影响*

目的:探讨PARP-1抑制剂3-AB对肝癌细胞系MHCC97-H和SMMC7721及正常肝细胞系L02的增殖与凋亡的影响。方法:细胞增殖试验观察不同浓度3-AB对三种不同细胞系细胞的增殖作用。Annexin V荧光探针标记,流式细胞学检查观察不同浓度3-AB对不同细胞系细胞凋亡的影响。结果:当3-AB浓度分别为5 mM、10 mM与20 mM时,与对照组(0 mM)相比,在培养第6天时开始出现增殖明显减慢,出现统计学差异(p0.05),第九天差异明显(p0.05)。随着浓度增加,其对肿瘤细胞系MHCC97-H和SMMC7721细胞增殖的抑制程度增加,细胞数均逐渐减少;而同样浓度梯度3-AB对人类肝细胞系L02生长则无明显的抑制作用。进一步实验发现,当3-AB浓度为5mM、10 mM与20 mM时,均可诱导肝癌细胞株MHCC97-H和SMMC7721凋亡,与对照组(0 mM)比较均有统计学差异(p0.05),且细胞凋亡率与3-AB的药物浓度相关:浓度越高,凋亡越明显。而同等浓度3-AB对肝脏细胞系L02无明显的促进凋亡作用。结论:3-AB可以抑制肝癌肿瘤细胞的增殖,促进肿瘤细胞的凋亡,对正常肝脏细胞无明显毒害作用,具有治疗肝癌的的潜在应用价值。     

快速现场细胞学评价在经支气管针吸活检术诊断肺部良恶性疾病的临床应用

目的:超声引导下的经支气管针吸活检术(Endobronchial ultrasound guided transbronchial needle aspiration, EBUS-TBNA)是临床上广泛开展的经支气管的微创介入技术,在EBUS-TBNA过程中,快速现场细胞学评价(Cytologicalrapidon-siteevaluation,C-ROSE)是切实可行的临床辅助技术。本研究探讨C-ROSE在EBUS-TBNA对肺部疾病诊断的细胞学特点及诊断价值。方法:对41例经胸部计算机断层扫描(Computed tomography,CT)发现存在纵隔和(或)肺门病灶(包括肿大的淋巴结/肿块)而行EBUS-TBNA及C-ROSE患者进行回顾性分析。结果:C-ROSE镜下的细胞学具有明显特点,对肺部良恶性疾病的穿刺成功率无差异,诊断率分别为90.48%和66.67%(P0.05),且C-ROSE可完全排除恶性疾病的诊断,二组并发症发生率分别为9.52%和6.67%(P0.05)。结论:C-ROSE在EBUS-TBNA中对肺部良恶性病变均具有诊断价值,可以提高穿刺成功率及诊断率、减少并发症,值得在临床医疗介入中心推广。     

细菌表面展示技术研究新进展

细菌表面展示是将靶标蛋白质表达于细菌表面以更好地实现其功能的一种技术,它在重组细菌疫苗、生物燃料电池、全细胞催化剂和生物修复等多个领域均有广泛的应用.随着相关技术的发展,表面展示系统的各种性能被不断地改良,同时新的表面展示系统也陆续被开发和应用,使该技术得到持续的丰富和发展.本文重点关注近年研究得较多的细菌表面展示系统,主要对各类细菌表面展示系统的开发、改造和修饰,以及该技术在生物修复和生物传感器方面的应用作一综述.     

蓝氏贾第虫无义mRNA的降解

无义介导的mRNA降解途径（nonsense-mediated mRNA decay,NMD）作为细胞内的一种重要的mRNA质量监控机制,可以降解含有提前终止密码子（premature termination codon,PTC）的异常转录本,从而避免截短蛋白质对细胞的毒害,但其详细的分子机制有待进一步阐释。蓝氏贾第虫（Giardia lamblia)作为一种寄生性单细胞原生动物,进化地位特殊,对其NMD途径的研究有利于阐明基因表达调控的分子和进化机制。本研究通过酵母双杂交及体外pull-down实验分析了贾第虫NMD途径因子上游移码蛋白1(Giardia lamblia up-frameshift 1,GlUPF1)、贾第虫RNA结合蛋白（Giardia lamblia HRP1, GlHRP1）、贾第虫核糖核酸外切酶（Giardia lamblia Ski7p,GlSki7p、Giardia lamblia XRN1,GlXRN1）之间的相互作用关系。结果表明,GlUPF1全长与GlHRP1、GlXRN1(1~500 aa)、GlSki7p间均可发生相互作用。而且GlUPF1的CH结构域和C端结构域分别与GlHRP1、GlXRN1（1~500 aa）、GlSki7p相互作用。说明GlUPF1在贾第虫NMD途径中作为招募平台,在无义mRNA识别和降解过程中发挥重要作用。为此,结合本实验室之前的研究结果,我们提出原生动物贾第虫的NMD途径：在提前终止密码子处SURF(SMG1-UPF1-eRF1-eRF3)复合物形成后,GlUPF1被磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(suppressor with morphogenetic effect on genitalia 1,SMG1)磷酸化修饰, NMD途径激活,随后GlUPF1与HRP1相互作用,将转录本标记为NMD底物;GlUPF1进而招募下游贾第虫5′-3′核糖核酸降解酶GlXRN1、贾第虫3′-5′ 核糖核酸降解因子GlSki7p,最终降解靶标mRNA。     

Biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Brazilian propolis

Biological methods have been used to synthesize silver nanoparticles through materials such as bacteria, fungi, plants, and propolis due to their reducing properties, stabilizer role and environmentally friendly characteristic. Considering the antimicrobial activity of propolis as well as the broad-spectrum antibacterial effects of silver nanoparticles, this study aim to describe the use of Brazilian propolis to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNP-P) and investigate its antimicrobial activity. The synthesis was optimized by factorial design, choosing the best conditions for smaller size particles. AgNP-P demonstrated a maximum absorbance at 412 nm in ultraviolet-visible spectra, which indicated a spherical format and its formation. Dynamic light scattering demonstrated a hydrodynamic size of 109 nm and polydispersity index less than 0.3, showing a good size distribution and stability. After its purification via centrifugation, microscopy analysis corroborates the format and showed the presence of propolis around silver nanoparticle. X-ray diffraction peaks were attributed to the main planes of the metallic silver crystalline structure; meanwhile infrared spectroscopy demonstrated the main groups responsible for silver reduction, represented by ∼22% of AgNP-P indicates by thermal analysis. Our product revealed an important antimicrobial activity indicating a synergism between propolis and silver nanoparticles as expected and promising to be an effective antimicrobial product to be used in infections.     

A new 5-deoxyflavone glycoside from the aerial parts of Calea clausseniana

A new 5-deoxyflavone glycoside, identified as 7-O-(alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-3',4',7-trihydroxyflavone (1), was isolated from the aerial parts of Calea clausseniana. Its structure was determined by spectral analysis.     

Habitat fragmentation, variable edge effects, and the landscape-divergence hypothesis

Edge effects are major drivers of change in many fragmented landscapes, but are often highly variable in space and time. Here we assess variability in edge effects altering Amazon forest dynamics, plant community composition, invading species, and carbon storage, in the world's largest and longest-running experimental study of habitat fragmentation. Despite detailed knowledge of local landscape conditions, spatial variability in edge effects was only partially foreseeable: relatively predictable effects were caused by the differing proximity of plots to forest edge and varying matrix vegetation, but windstorms generated much random variability. Temporal variability in edge phenomena was also only partially predictable: forest dynamics varied somewhat with fragment age, but also fluctuated markedly over time, evidently because of sporadic droughts and windstorms. Given the acute sensitivity of habitat fragments to local landscape and weather dynamics, we predict that fragments within the same landscape will tend to converge in species composition, whereas those in different landscapes will diverge in composition. This 'landscape-divergence hypothesis', if generally valid, will have key implications for biodiversity-conservation strategies and for understanding the dynamics of fragmented ecosystems.     

虫草多糖治疗家犬夹闭肾动脉引起的急性肾衰

探讨了虫草多糖对家犬夹闭肾动脉造成的急性肾衰的治疗作用。将实验动物家犬分为假手术组、阴性模型组、阳性组、虫草多糖高、中、低三个剂量组,观察治疗后犬的肾功能、血液生化指标、尿常规、肾脏病理的变化。发现虫草多糖组肾功能受损程度明显轻于阴性模型组（P〈0．01）,肾脏病理损伤明显减轻。实验证明虫草多糖能够治疗肾缺血诱发的急性肾功能衰竭,其机理可能与改善肾功能、增加肾血流量、纠正代谢紊乱、促进肾小管的修复与再生等作用有关。     

特定频谱波对水电导率影响的研究

目的:为了研究特定频谱波引起的水中离子浓度的变化以及电导率与频谱波间相互作用的规律,用特定频谱波对理化特性略有不同的纯净水、自来水、海水进行影响,研究其电导率的变化。方法:采用一元线性回归分析的方法对数据散点进行拟和,用方差分析来评价其拟合效果,以期发现其中的规律。结果:经过频谱波的影响各种水的电导率都有明显的提高,并且随着处理次数的增加,纯净水的电导率呈阶越式方式增加;自来水呈对数形式增加;而海水则表现为变化幅度微小。结论:造成这个现象的原因可能是由于水分子吸收了频谱波的能量,分子的平均动能增大造成的。这一过程使化学平衡(H2O)n≒xH2O (H2O)n-x和H2O≒ H OH-均向分解的方向运动,水中带电离子的浓度提高,因此电导率发生变化。而电导率提高方式的差异,则是水样在理化特性上的差异导致的。     

糖尿病性视网膜病变早期mfERG的研究

目的:探讨糖尿病患者糖尿病性视网膜病变早期多焦视网膜电图(multifocal electroretinogram,mfERG)的特点。方法:应用德国ROLAND公司RETIscan系统对24例40眼糖尿病患者,同时对27例40眼正常对照眼记录mfERG。按机器的默认值一阶反应进行记录。整个记录过程中可以分为12个时段,每个时段记录为时间47秒。结果:mERG测得的糖尿病患者组1～5环所在位置的P1波的振幅密度随离心度的增加而降低,P1波和N1波幅值降低和潜伏时延迟。各象限的P1、N1波振幅密度、波幅值降低,潜伏时延迟。结论:糖尿病性视网膜病变受累的区域多发生在黄斑部,功能上的改变早于形态学的变化;病变的早期功能改变最先出现于视网膜的后极偏颞上方;糖尿病患者在未出现眼底改变时各个象限视网膜的外层已经严重受累。