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51.
Shikazono N Tanaka A Kitayama S Watanabe H Tano S 《Radiation and environmental biophysics》2002,41(2):159-162
To clarify the effect of heavy ions in plants, dry seeds of Arabidopsis were irradiated with carbon, neon, and argon ions with various linear energy transfer (LET) values. The relative biological effectiveness (RBE) for lethality peaked at LET values over 350 keV/microns for neon and argon ions. This LET giving the peak RBE was higher than the LET of 100-200 keV/microns which was reported to have a maximum RBE for other types of cells, such as mammalian cells. Furthermore, sterility showed a higher RBE at an LET of 354 keV/microns with neon ions than that at an LET of 113 keV/microns with carbon ions. Lethality and sterility are both considered to be caused by damage to DNA. The results indicate that the LET having a maximum of RBE for lethality is higher in Arabidopsis seeds than in other unicellular systems. The most likely explanation for this shift of LET is that the DNA in dry seeds has a different chemical environment and/or hydration state than the DNA in cells in culture. 相似文献
52.
Sakurai H Nishi A Sato N Mizukami J Miyoshi H Sugita T 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2002,297(5):1277-1281
TAK1 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase (MAP3K) is activated by its specific activator, TAK1-binding protein 1 (TAB1). A constitutively active TAK1 mutant has not yet been generated due to the indispensable requirement of TAB1 for TAK1 kinase activity. In this study, we generated a novel constitutively active TAK1 by fusing its kinase domain to the minimal TAK1-activation domain of TAB1. Co-immunoprecipitation assay demonstrated that these domains interacted intra-molecularly. The TAK1-TAB1 fusion protein showed a significant MAP3K activity in vitro and activated c-Jun N-terminal kinase/p38 MAPKs and IkappaB kinase in vivo, which was followed by increased production of interleukin-6. These results indicate that the fusion protein is useful for characterizing the physiological roles of the TAK1-TAB1 complex. 相似文献
53.
A homologue of the ferric uptake regulator gene (fur) was isolated from Moraxella bovis by degenerate polymerase chain reaction and cloning. Fur protein of M. bovis exhibited 72.1% amino acid identity with Acinetobacter calcoaceticus Fur. Western blot analysis showed a decrease of Fur expression in response to sufficient-iron conditions compared with deficient-iron conditions. An electrophoretic mobility-shift assay indicated that Fur protein binds to DNA fragments containing a putative Fur-box derived from the upstream region of the M. bovis fur gene. Fur of M. bovis may regulate the expression of iron transport systems in response to iron limitation in the environment. 相似文献
54.
55.
Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in milk samples by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Kishikawa N Wada M Kuroda N Akiyama S Nakashima K 《Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences》2003,789(2):257-264
This paper describes a high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in milk samples. The method involves a liquid-liquid extraction procedure after saponification of milk samples with sodium hydroxide. Reproducible determination with highly sensitive detection was attained by HPLC with fluorescence detection using 1,2-bis(9-anthryl)ethane as an internal standard. The detection limits of 12 kinds of PAHs ranged from 1.3 to 76 ng/kg milk at a signal/noise ratio of 3. By the proposed method, the presence of 12 and 11 kinds of PAHs could be confirmed in commercial milk and human milk samples, respectively. The average concentrations of total PAHs (mean+/-SD, micro g/kg) were found to be 0.99+/-0.37 for commercial milk (n=14), 2.01+/-0.30 for infant formula (n=3) and 0.75+/-0.47 for human milk (n=51). High correlation coefficients between the concentrations of total PAHs and triglyceride were observed for commercial milk (r=0.659) and human milk (r=0.645). 相似文献
56.
Basal euteleostean relationships: a mitogenomic perspective on the phylogenetic reality of the "Protacanthopterygii" 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
Higher-level relationships of the basal Euteleostei (=Protacanthopterygii) are so complex and controversial that at least nine different morphology-based phylogenetic hypotheses have been proposed during the last 30 years. Relationships of the Protacanthopterygii were investigated using mitochondrial genomic (mitogenomic) data from 34 purposefully chosen species (data for 12 species being newly determined during the study) that fully represented major basal euteleostean lineages and some basal teleosts plus neoteleosts as outgroups. Unweighted and weighted maximum parsimony (MP) and maximum likelihood (ML) analyses were conducted with the data set that comprised concatenated nucleotide sequences from 12 protein-coding genes (excluding the ND6 gene and 3rd codon positions) and 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes (stem regions only) from the 34 species. The resultant trees were well resolved and largely congruent, with most internal branches being supported by high statistical values. Monophyly of the protacanthopterygians was confidently rejected by the mitogenomic data. Of the five major monophyletic groups that received high statistical support within the protacanthopterygians, a clade comprising members of the alepocephaloids was unexpectedly nested within the Otocephala, sister-group of the euteleosts. The remaining four major monophyletic groups, on the other hand, occupied phylogenetic positions intermediate between the otocephalans and neoteleosts, with a clade comprising esociforms + salmoniforms being more basal to the argentinoids and osmeroids. Although interrelationships of the latter two clades (argentinoids and osmeroids) with the neoteleosts remained ambiguous, the present results indicated explicitly that the protacanthopterygians as currently defined merely represent a collective, polyphyletic group of the basal euteleosts, located between the basal teleosts (elopomorphs and below) and neoteleosts (stomiiforms and above). 相似文献
57.
Oku H Futamori N Masuda K Shimabukuro Y Omine T Iwasaki H 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2003,67(10):2106-2114
It was found that the partially purified beta-ketoacyl-ACP synthase of Bacillus insolitus did not require the addition of FabD (malonyl-CoA:ACP transacylase, MAT) for the activity assay. This study therefore examined the necessity of FabD protein for in vitro branched-chain fatty acid (BCFA) biosynthesis by crude fatty acid synthetases (FAS) of Bacilli. To discover the involvement of FabD in the BCFA biosynthesis, the protein was removed from the crude FAS by immunoprecipitation. The His-tag fusion protein FabD of Bacillus subtilis was expressed in Escherichia coli and used for the preparation of antibody. The rabbit antibody raised against the expressed fusion protein specifically recognized the FabD in the crude FAS of B. subtilis. Evaluation of the efficacy of the immunoprecipitation showed that a trace of FabD protein was present in the antibody-treated crude FAS. However, this complete removal of FabD from the crude FAS did not abolish its BCFA biosynthesis, but only reduced the level to 50-60% of the control level for acyl-CoA primer and to 80% for alpha-keto-beta-methylvalerate primer. Furthermore, the FabD concentration did not necessarily correlate with the MAT specific activity in the enzyme fractions, suggesting the presence of another enzyme source of MAT activity. This study, therefore, suggests that FabD is not the sole enzyme source of MAT for in vitro BCFA biosynthesis, and implies the existence of a functional connection between fatty acid biosynthesis and another metabolic pathway. 相似文献
58.
Harazono K Yamashita N Shinzato N Watanabe Y Fukatsu T Kurane R 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2003,67(4):889-892
We isolated aromatics-degrading bacteria from the gut of a lower termite, Coptotermes formosanus, using a mineral salt medium containing various aromatic compounds as the sole carbon source. Two species, Burkholderia sp. strain VE22 and Citrobacter sp. strain VA53, were isolated by aerobic enrichment culture with veratraldehyde and vanillin, respectively. Strain VA53 could also grow and metabolize vanillin anaerobically. 相似文献
59.
60.
The relationship between fluctuating asymmetry (FA) and mating success was studied within males of the sphragis-baring butterfly Luehdorfia japonica, which were collected at various periods during their mating season. FA was measured on the forewing and hindwing radius lengths of male butterflies. Mating frequency of males was estimated by assessing the degree of scale loss from their claspers. Males consume scales and use them to form sphragis on the female abdomen during copulation, sealing the ostium bursa for life. Age of males was scored as wing age 0 to 4 according to the wearing of the wing. FA was negatively correlated with mating frequency but positively correlated with wing age, and average FA decreased with mating season. As females have little chance to express mate choice, it is likely that FA is an indicator of male viability: symmetrical males live longer and/or fly more actively, resulting in a higher lifetime mating success compared to asymmetrical males. 相似文献