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131.
This work focused on the characteristics of ethanol regulation from Monascus sp. NP1. in glucose liquid medium, a saccharification method using algae and bioethanol production from Cladophora glomerata by the fungus. The results showed that when the fungus was grown in glucose (2, 20, 40 and 50%) medium under 110 rpm rotary culture at 30 °C, the ethanol concentration at 120 h increased from 2 to 20% glucose, where it peaked. It then decreased gradually to 40%, with production stopping at 50% glucose. This result indicated the glucose regulation of ethanol production by the fungus. Ethanol present in 20% glucose medium was identified by retention time and co-injection with a standard to demonstrate that the product was ethanol. Its yield was 285 mM [13 g L?1 or 65 mg (g of glucose substrate)?1] with a low interference of by-products. Three-millimetre-long pieces of dried algae were cut and exposed to concentrations of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 g in 65 mL of 0.3 N hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid before autoclaving (121 °C, 15 psi, 15 min). The amount of reducing sugar was greater than that of the control (without acid treatment) and varied with the increasing quantity of algae. The best condition was sulfuric acid and 6 g dried algae. The type of acid appeared to affect saccharification. During 12 days of fermentation in algal extraction (2 g reducing sugar per millilitre algal extraction), the mould could produce twofold more ethanol yield [34–55 mg (100 g dried weight algae)?1] than the yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae TISTR 5049. 相似文献
132.
Jianping Li Sadahiko Iwamoto Naoya Sugimoto Hiroshi Okuda E. Kajii 《Human genetics》1997,99(5):573-577
The Duffy blood group system consists of three alleles, FYA, FYB, and FY. To study the molecular evolution of the three alleles,
we established the polymorphism of a dinucleotide (GT) repeat sequence (designated FyGT/ C) in the 3′ flanking region of the
Duffy gene, and studied the relationship between FyGT/C and Duffy polymorphism in Japanese, people of African origin, and
chimpanzee. By single-strand conformation polymorphism and sequence analysis, five and two alleles were identified in Japanese
and Africans, respectively. In 110 random Japanese, the FyGT/C genotypes observed were in agreement with Hardy-Weinberg law.
From the sequence of the chimpanzee Duffy gene, including both flanking regions, FYB was identified as the ancestral gene
of the human alleles. The FyGT/C sequences associated with the FY allele of Africans were distinct from those of Duffy positives,
whereas the FYB and FYA alleles shared common FyGT/C sequences. Thus, it is suggested that the first split took place between
the FYB and FY alleles, and the second between the FYB and FYA alleles.
Received: 25 July 1996 / Revised: 10 October 1996 相似文献
133.
S Takahashi S Nakamura K Shinzato T Domon T Yamamoto M Wakita 《The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry》2001,49(12):1557-1564
This study was designed to determine whether apoptosis and proliferation of myoepithelial cells occur in atrophic rat submandibular glands. The excretory duct of the right submandibular gland was doubly ligated with metal clips. The atrophic right submandibular glands removed after 1-28 days of duct ligation were investigated using immunohistochemical double staining for actin as a marker for myoepithelial cells and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) as a marker for proliferating cells, double staining for actin immunohistochemistry, nick end-labeling (TUNEL) as a marker for apoptotic cells, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). A few PCNA- and no TUNEL-positive myoepithelial cells were found in the control submandibular glands taken from animals with no operation. In the experimental glands, PCNA-positive myoepithelial cells were common 2 and 3 days after duct ligation and then decreased in number. TUNEL-positive myoepithelial cells appeared at 2 days and were observed most frequently at 5 days. Apoptotic myoepithelial cells were also identified by TEM. These observations suggest that both apoptosis and proliferation of myoepithelial cells occur, especially in the early phase of atrophy, in the rat submandibular gland. 相似文献
134.
Hiroshi YAMASHITA Chihiro TANAKA Hiroto NAKAYAMA Nobuko TUNO Naoya OSAWA 《Entomological Science》2005,8(3):223-225
We identified three species of fungivorous scuttle fly –Megaselia flava, M. kanekoi and M. gotoi– from eight fruit bodies of a fungus, Amanita ibotengutake, which has not previously been recorded as the host of these flies. 相似文献
135.
Tomofumi Sakai Yumi Inoue Naoya Terahara Keiichi Namba Tohru Minamino 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2018,495(2):1789-1794
The bacterial flagellar hook is a short, curved tubular structure made of FlgE. The hook connects the basal body as a rotary motor and the filament as a helical propeller and functions as a universal joint to smoothly transmit torque produced by the motor to the filament. Salmonella FlgE consists of D0, Dc, D1 and D2 domains. Axial interactions between a triangular loop of domain D1 (D1-loop) and domain D2 are postulated to be responsible for hook supercoiling. In contrast, Bacillus FlgE lacks the D1-loop and domain D2. Here, to clarify the roles of the D1-loop and domain D2 in the mechanical function, we carried out deletion analysis of Salmonella FlgE. A deletion of the D1-loop conferred a loss-of-function phenotype whereas that of domain D2 did not. The D1-loop deletion inhibited hook polymerization. Suppressor mutations of the D1-loop deletion was located within FlgD, which acts as the hook cap to promote hook assembly. This suggests a possible interaction between the D1-loop of FlgE and FlgD. Suppressor mutant cells produced straight hooks, but retained the ability to form a flagellar bundle behind a cell body, suggesting that the loop deletion does not affect the bending flexibility of the Salmonella hook. 相似文献
136.
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138.
Yoshihiro Morinaga Naoya Fujita Kazuo Ohishi Yongke Zhang Takashi Tsuruo 《Journal of cellular physiology》1998,175(3):247-254
We previously found that human melanoma (A375M) and human breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) cells formed osteolytic bone metastasis in vivo. These cancer cells produced interleukin-11 (IL-11) by themselves and stimulated its production from osteoblasts. Interleukin-11 could increase the number of osteoclasts and raise the calcium concentration in the medium of neonatal murine calvaria organ culture, indicating bone resorption in vitro. Therefore, IL-11 could play an important role in the promotion of osteolysis at the site of bone metastasis. In the present study, we used the calvaria culture system to try to clarify the mechanisms of IL-11–mediated bone resorption. The murine calvaria expressed both the specificity-determining α subunit and the signal–transducing β subunit (gp130) of the IL-11 receptor. When IL-11 was added to the calvaria culture, the concentrations of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) was elevated. Pretreatment of calvaria with cyclooxygenases inhibitors (e.g., indomethacin, NS-398, and dexamethasone) suppressed the production of PGE2 and the bone resorption induced by IL-11. Addition of exogenous PGE2 overcame the inhibitory effect of cyclooxygenases inhibitors and promoted bone resorption. These results indicate that IL-11 promotes bone resorption through a PGE2 synthesis–dependent mechanism and that cyclooxygenases inhibitors could be interesting drugs to suppress IL-11–mediated osteolytic bone metastasis of cancer cells. J. Cell. Physiol. 175:247–254, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc. 相似文献
139.
140.
Hidefumi Yoshinaga Shuji Masumoto Koji Koyama Naoya Kinomura Yuji Matsumoto Taro Kato Satoko Baba Kenji Matsumoto Tomoko Horisawa Hitomi Oki Kazuki Yabuuchi Toru Kodo 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry》2017,25(1):293-304
We report the discovery of a novel benzylpiperidine derivative with serotonin transporter (SERT) inhibitory activity and 5-HT1A receptor weak partial agonistic activity showing the antidepressant-like effect. The 3-methoxyphenyl group and the phenethyl group of compound 1, which has weak SERT binding activity, but potent 5-HT1A binding activity, were optimized, leading to compound 35 with potent and balanced dual SERT and 5-HT1A binding activity, but also potent CYP2D6 inhibitory activity. Replacement of the methoxy group in the left part of compound 35 with a larger alkoxy group, such as ethoxy, isopropoxy or methoxy-ethoxy group ameliorated CYP2D6 inhibition, giving SMP-304 as a candidate. SMP-304 with serotonin uptake inhibitory activity and 5-HT1A weak partial agonistic activity, which could work as a 5-HT1A antagonist, displayed faster onset of antidepressant-like effect than a representative SSRI paroxetine in an animal model. 相似文献