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261.
Shreekant Kesari Gouri Sankar Bhunia Nandini Chatterjee Vijay Kumar Rakesh Mandal Pradeep Das 《Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz》2013,108(2):197-204
Visceral leishmaniasis, or kala-azar, is recognised as a serious emerging public health problem in India. In this study, environmental parameters, such as land surface temperature (LST) and renormalised difference vegetation indices (RDVI), were used to delineate the association between environmental variables and Phlebotomus argentipes abundance in a representative endemic region of Bihar, India. The adult P. argentipes were collected between September 2009-February 2010 using the hand-held aspirator technique. The distribution of P. argentipes was analysed with the LST and RDVI of the peak and lean seasons. The association between environmental covariates and P. argentipes density was analysed a multivariate linear regression model. The sandfly density at its maximum in September, whereas the minimum density was recorded in January. The regression model indicated that the season, minimum LST, mean LST and mean RDVI were the best environmental covariates for the P. argentipes distribution. The final model indicated that nearly 74% of the variance of sandfly density could be explained by these environmental covariates. This approach might be useful for mapping and predicting the distribution of P. argentipes, which may help the health agencies that are involved in the kala-azar control programme focus on high-risk areas. 相似文献
262.
Nandini Rao Deepali Jhamb Derek J Milner Bingbing Li Fengyu Song Mu Wang S Randal Voss Mathew Palakal Michael W King Behnaz Saranjami Holly LD Nye Jo Ann Cameron David L Stocum 《BMC biology》2009,7(1):1-25
Background
For membrane proteins, lipids provide a structural framework and means to modulate function. Paired connexin hemichannels form the intercellular channels that compose gap junction plaques while unpaired hemichannels have regulated functions in non-junctional plasma membrane. The importance of interactions between connexin channels and phospholipids is poorly understood.Results
Endogenous phospholipids most tightly associated with purified connexin26 or connexin32 hemichannels or with junctional plaques in cell membranes, those likely to have structural and/or modulatory effects, were identified by tandem electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry using class-specific interpretative methods. Phospholipids were characterized by headgroup class, charge, glycerol-alkyl chain linkage and by acyl chain length and saturation. The results indicate that specific endogenous phospholipids are uniquely associated with either connexin26 or connexin32 channels, and some phospholipids are associated with both. Functional effects of the major phospholipid classes on connexin channel activity were assessed by molecular permeability of hemichannels reconstituted into liposomes. Changes to phospholipid composition(s) of the liposome membrane altered the activity of connexin channels in a manner reflecting changes to the surface charge/potential of the membrane and, secondarily, to cholesterol content. Together, the data show that connexin26 and connexin32 channels have a preference for tight association with unique anionic phospholipids, and that these, independent of headgroup, have a positive effect on the activity of both connexin26 and connexin32 channels. Additionally, the data suggest that the likely in vivo phospholipid modulators of connexin channel structure-function that are connexin isoform-specific are found in the cytoplasmic leaflet. A modulatory role for phospholipids that promote negative curvature is also inferred.Conclusion
This study is the first to identify (endogenous) phospholipids that tightly associate with connexin channels. The finding that specific phospholipids are associated with different connexin isoforms suggests connexin-specific regulatory and/or structural interactions with lipid membranes. The results are interpreted in light of connexin channel function and cell biology, as informed by current knowledge of lipid-protein interactions and membrane biophysics. The intimate involvement of distinct phospholipids with different connexins contributes to channel structure and/or function, as well as plaque integrity, and to modulation of connexin channels by lipophilic agents. 相似文献263.
Fuchuan Li Chilkunda D. Nandini Tomohide Hattori Xingfeng Bao Daisuke Murayama Toshikazu Nakamura Nobuhiro Fukushima Kazuyuki Sugahara 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2010,285(36):27673-27685
Endogenous pleiotrophin and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) mediate the neurite outgrowth-promoting activity of chondroitin sulfate (CS)/dermatan sulfate (DS) hybrid chains isolated from embryonic pig brain. CS/DS hybrid chains isolated from shark skin have a different disaccharide composition, but also display these activities. In this study, pleiotrophin- and HGF-binding domains in shark skin CS/DS were investigated. A high affinity CS/DS fraction was isolated using a pleiotrophin-immobilized column. It showed marked neurite outgrowth- promoting activity and strong inhibitory activity against the binding of pleiotrophin to immobilized CS/DS chains from embryonic pig brain. The inhibitory activity was abolished by chondroitinase ABC or B, and partially reduced by chondroitinase AC-I. A pentasulfated hexasaccharide with a novel structure was isolated from the chondroitinase AC-I digest using pleiotrophin affinity and anion exchange chromatographies. It displayed a potent inhibitory effect on the binding of HGF to immobilized shark skin CS/DS chains, suggesting that the pleiotrophin- and HGF-binding domains at least partially overlap in the CS/DS chains involved in the neuritogenic activity. Computational chemistry using molecular modeling and calculations of the electrostatic potential of the hexasaccharide and two pleiotrophin-binding octasaccharides previously isolated from CS/DS hybrid chains of embryonic pig brain identified an electronegative zone potentially involved in the molecular recognition of the oligosaccharides by pleiotrophin. Homology modeling of pleiotrophin based on a related midkine protein structure predicted the binding pocket of pleiotrophin for the oligosaccharides and provided new insights into the molecular mechanism of the interactions between the oligosaccharides and pleiotrophin. 相似文献
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266.
We quantified the indirect effects of different densities (1, 4, 16 individuals per jar) of the predator Asplanchna brightwellii on the morphometry and demography of their prey Brachionus calyciflorus and Plationus macracanthus. Population growth and life table demography experiments were separately conducted for each of the two prey rotifer species
while keeping A. brightwellii in indirect contact. The brachionids were fed the green alga Chlorella vulgaris at a density of 1 × 106 cells ml−1. As compared to those cultured in the absence of the predator, in the presence of A. brightwellii the postero-lateral spines of P. macracanthus increased by about 15 μm, while in B. calyciflorus the increase was more (>80 μm). For both the brachionid species, the peak population density significantly decreased in the
presence of A. brightwellii. The reproductive variables viz., net reproductive rate, generation time, and the rate of population increase of B. calyciflorus and P. macracanthus were negatively affected in the presence of kairomones from A. brightwellii. 相似文献
267.
Chandra NS Wulff EG Udayashankar AC Nandini BP Niranjana SR Mortensen CN Prakash HS 《Applied microbiology and biotechnology》2011,90(5):1625-1639
Recent developments in genomics have opened up for newer opportunities to study the diversity and classification of fungi.
The genus Fusarium contains many plant pathogens that attack diverse agricultural crops. Fusarium spp. are not only pathogenic to plants but are also known as toxin producers that negatively affect animal and human health.
The identification of Fusarium species still remains one of the most critical issues in fungal taxonomy, given that the number of species recognized in
the genus has been constantly changing in the last century due to the different taxonomic systems. This review focuses of
various molecular-based techniques employed to study the diversity of Fusarium species causing diseases in major food crops. An introduction of fusarial diseases and their mycotoxins and molecular-marker-based
methods for detection introduce the concept of marker application. Various well-known molecular techniques such as random
amplified polymorphic DNA, amplification fragment length polymorphism, etc. to more modern ones such as DNA microarrays, DNA
barcoding, and pyrosequencing and their application form the core of the review. Target regions in the genome which can be
potential candidates for generation of probes and their use in phylogeny of Fusarium spp. are also presented. The concluding part emphasizes the value of molecular markers for assessing genetic variability
and reveals that molecular tools are indispensable for providing information not only of one Fusarium species but on whole fungal community. This will be of extreme value for diagnosticians and researchers concerned with fungal
biology, ecology, and genetics. 相似文献
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269.
Arivusudar Marimuthu Sandip Chavan Gajanan Sathe Nandini A. Sahasrabuddhe Srinivas M. Srikanth Santosh Renuse Sartaj Ahmad Aneesha Radhakrishnan Mustafa A. Barbhuiya Rekha V. Kumar H.C. Harsha David Sidransky Joseph Califano Akhilesh Pandey Aditi Chatterjee 《Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Proteins and Proteomics》2013,1834(11):2308-2316
Protein biomarker discovery for early detection of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a crucial unmet need to improve patient outcomes. Mass spectrometry-based proteomics has emerged as a promising tool for identification of biomarkers in different cancer types. Proteins secreted from cancer cells can serve as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis. In the current study, we have used isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) labeling methodology coupled with high resolution mass spectrometry to identify and quantitate secreted proteins from a panel of head and neck carcinoma cell lines. In all, we identified 2,472 proteins, of which 225 proteins were secreted at higher or lower abundance in HNSCC-derived cell lines. Of these, 148 were present in higher abundance and 77 were present in lower abundance in the cancer-cell derived secretome. We detected a higher abundance of some previously known markers for HNSCC including insulin like growth factor binding protein 3, IGFBP3 (11-fold) and opioid growth factor receptor, OGFR (10-fold) demonstrating the validity of our approach. We also identified several novel secreted proteins in HNSCC including olfactomedin-4, OLFM4 (12-fold) and hepatocyte growth factor activator, HGFA (5-fold). IHC-based validation was conducted in HNSCC using tissue microarrays which revealed overexpression of IGFBP3 and OLFM4 in 70% and 75% of the tested cases, respectively. Our study illustrates quantitative proteomics of secretome as a robust approach for identification of potential HNSCC biomarkers. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: An Updated Secretome. 相似文献
270.
Abhilash K Venugopal S Sameer Kumar Ghantasala Lakshmi Dhevi N Selvan Anita Mahadevan Santosh Renuse Praveen Kumar Harsh Pawar Nandini A Sahasrabhuddhe Mooriyath S Suja Yarappa L Ramachandra Thottethodi S Keshava Prasad Shampur N Madhusudhana Harsha HC Raghothama Chaerkady Parthasarathy Satishchandra Akhilesh Pandey Susarla K Shankar 《Clinical proteomics》2013,10(1):3