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71.
Ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungal species, a "Symbiotic" relationship between tress and fungi in forest has a great ecological and economic importance. Here is an attempt to describe database named "EctomycorrhizalDB", addressing ECM diversity of Central Himalaya (Kumaun region), with special emphasis on their characterization, physical properties and morphological features along with specifications. This database would help the scientific community to draw a better understanding of the environmental factors that affects species diversity. AVAILABILITY: The database is available for free at http://www.kubic.nic.in/ectomychorhiza. 相似文献
72.
73.
Bhushan D Pandey A Chattopadhyay A Choudhary MK Chakraborty S Datta A Chakraborty N 《Journal of proteome research》2006,5(7):1711-1720
The extracellular matrix (ECM) or cell wall is a dynamic system and serves as the first line mediator in cell signaling to perceive and transmit extra- and intercellular signals in many pathways. Although ECM is a conserved compartment ubiquitously present throughout evolution, a compositional variation does exist among different organisms. ECM proteins account for 10% of the ECM mass, however, comprise several hundreds of different molecules with diverse functions. To understand the function of ECM proteins, we have developed the cell wall proteome of a crop legume, chickpea (Cicer arietinum). This comprehensive overview of the proteome would provide a basis for future comparative proteomic efforts for this important crop. Proteomic analyses revealed new ECM proteins of unknown functions vis-à-vis the presence of many known cell wall proteins. In addition, we report here evidence for the presence of unexpected proteins with known biochemical activities, which have never been associated with ECM. 相似文献
74.
Active defense mechanisms of plants against pathogens often include a rapid plant cell death known as the hypersensitive cell
death (HCD). Hypersensitive response-assisting protein (HRAP) isolated from sweet pepper intensifies the harpinPss-mediated HCD. Here we demonstrate that constitutive expression of the hrap gene in Arabidopsis results in an enhanced disease resistance towards soft rot pathogen, E. carotovora subsp. carotovora. This resistance was due to the induction of HCD since different HCD markers viz. Athsr3, Athsr4, ion leakage, H2O2 and protein kinase were induced. One of the elicitor harpin proteins, HrpN, from Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora was able to induce a stronger HCD in hrap-Arabidopsis than non-transgenic controls. To elucidate the role of HrpN, we used E. carotovora subsp. carotovora defective in HrpN production. The hrpN− mutant did not induce disease resistance or HCD markers in hrap-Arabidopsis. These results imply that the disease resistance of hrap-Arabidopsis against a virulent pathogen is harpin dependent. 相似文献
75.
D'Angelo C Weinl S Batistic O Pandey GK Cheong YH Schültke S Albrecht V Ehlert B Schulz B Harter K Luan S Bock R Kudla J 《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》2006,48(6):857-872
Intracellular release of calcium ions belongs to the earliest events in cellular stress perception. The molecular mechanisms integrating signals from different environmental cues and translating them into an optimized response are largely unknown. We report here the functional characterization of CIPK1, a protein kinase interacting strongly with the calcium sensors CBL1 and CBL9. Comparison of the expression patterns indicates that the three proteins execute their functions in the same tissues. Physical interaction of CIPK1 with CBL1 and CBL9 targets the kinase to the plasma membrane. We show that, similarly to loss of CBL9 function, mutation of either CBL1 or CIPK1 renders plants hypersensitive to osmotic stress. Remarkably, in contrast to the cbl1 mutant and similarly to the cbl9 mutant, loss of CIPK1 function impairs abscisic acid (ABA) responsiveness. We therefore suggest that, by alternative complex formation with either CBL1 or CBL9, the kinase CIPK1 represents a convergence point for ABA-dependent and ABA-independent stress responses. Based on our genetic, physiological and protein-protein interaction data, we propose a general model for information processing in calcium-regulated signalling networks. 相似文献
76.
Detection of DNA fragmentation and endonucleases in apoptosis 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
DNA degradation during apoptosis is endonuclease mediated and proceeds through an ordered series of stages commencing with the production of large DNA pieces of 300 kb which are then degraded to fragments of 50 kb. The 50-kb fragments are further degraded, in some but not all cells, to smaller pieces (10-40 kb) releasing the small oligonucleosome fragments that are detected as a characteristic DNA ladder on conventional agarose gels. Methodology is presented for the detection of both DNA ladders and the initial stages of DNA fragmentation using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. We have developed electrophoresis conditions that resolve large fragments of DNA and also retain the smaller fragments on the same gel. Methods for the detection of endonuclease activities responsible for the cleavage of DNA during apoptosis are also presented. 相似文献
77.
Background
Substituted catechols are important precursors for large-scale synthesis of pharmaceuticals and other industrial products. Most of the reported chemical synthesis methods are expensive and insufficient at industrial level. However, biological processes for production of substituted catechols could be highly selective and suitable for industrial purposes. 相似文献78.
79.
Janardan P. Pandey Paul J. Nietert Kersti Klaamas Oleg Kurtenkov 《Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII》2009,58(12):2025-2029
High levels of antibodies to mucin 1 (MUC1), a membrane-bound glycoprotein that is overexpressed in adenocarcinomas, are associated
with good prognosis in patients with breast cancer. The aim of the present investigation was to determine whether GM and KM
allotypes—genetic markers of IgG heavy chains and κ-type light chains, respectively—contribute to the magnitude of natural
antibody responsiveness to MUC1 in patients with breast cancer. A total of 153 Caucasian subjects with breast cancer were
allotyped for several GM and KM markers. These subjects were also characterized for IgG and IgM antibodies to MUC1. Anti-MUC1
IgG antibody levels in subjects who were carriers of the immunoglobulin γ2 allele GM 23 were significantly higher than in
those who were noncarriers (P = 0.003). These results could potentially divide the population into high or low responders to MUC1, which has important
implications for MUC1-based immunotherapeutic interventions in breast cancer. 相似文献
80.
A new alkaloid, 3-methoxy-4,6-dihydroxymorphinandien-7-one, and norsinoacutine have been isolated from extracts of Croton bonplandianum. 相似文献